3 _. PeChHqHall kOpoHa peChHqHoro TeJia; 4 - 6eJioqHall o6oJiotjKa; 5 -

«BHHorpa1J.Hble» 3epHa Ha BepXHeM

3paqKoBuM Kpae pa11.)'m1t oii 060JI0'!1t11.

CeT'IIaTKH HaXO)l.HTCSI orpa:lKaTeJibHaSI 060- '

JIOtJ:Ka tapetum cpnopoaHoro (y TpaBOSI)l.HhlX) w1rn KIHITO!IHOr@ CTPoemu1 (y co6aK). y CBHHbH OHa OTCyTCTByeT. <I>opMa TalleTyM Heo)l.HHaKOBa- - HJIH H30fHYTaH IlOJiyMecSiueM, HJIH TpeyroJibHaSI; OKpacKa TaK:lKe pa3H006pasHa - cntte-seJiettaH, roJiyoa5f HJIH seJienaH c CHJihIIhlM M€!TaJIJHPIOCKHM 6JIKOM • .

B H y T p e H H H SI o 6 o JI o q K a si6JioKa - tunica 'interna bulbi -

. npe)l.CTaBJieHa CeTqaTKOH.

CerqarKa retina nQ'Apas;n:eJI.fleTCH Ha spnreJibny10 H CJieny10 qacni. 3pume11brta5l ttacmb cemttamKu - pars optica retinae - cocTOHT H3 nm•­ MeHrnoro CJIOSI - stratum pigmentosum, KOTOpb1ii: nJIOTHO cpacTaeTCH c cocy-

)(HC'JUii o60JiuqKu.ii:; H HepBHOIO CJIOSI stiatum ner v osum, JJ;erKo OTJJ:emuo m.erocsi OT nHrMeHTHoro. PernHa npOCTHpaeTCH OT Bxo.n.a spHTeJihHOro nepBa

.no pecHHHHOro Te.Tia, OKaH'qHBaSICb y IlOCJie.n.Hero .l{OBOJibHO pOBHbIM KpaeM. flptt

:lKH3HH ceTqaTKa He:lKHaH, npu3paqaaSI o6uJI04Ka pos0Ba1010 I(Beia, noCJie CMepTH OHa MYTHeeT. .

MecTo nepexo.n:a cenaTKH B spHTeJibHhiii: HepB Ha3hIBaeTCH .D.HCKOM spH- TeJibHoro HepBa discus n. optic1 c yrnyoJieHHeM excavalio disci

.n.HaMeTPOM .n.o 4,5-5,5 MM. B ueHTPe .z(HcKa saMeTeH lle60JibIIIOM BbICTyn (.n.o

2 MM), npe,n:CTaBJISI!Olll.HH coooM: PY.ll.HMeHT apTepHH CTeKJIOBH)l.HOro Te.Tia -

processus hyalo1deus. B ueHTPe ceTqaTKH Ha ocH rnasa Bhl.ll.e.TISieTCSI nSITHO - macula; cpopMa ero MO:lKeT 6bITh KpyrnoM: - area centralis rotunda (nJioTosi.n.­ Hbie) HJIH noJiocooopasHoM: - area centralis striaeformis (TpaBOH.ll.Hb1e).

fHCTOJIQrHqecKH B HepBHOM CJIOe pasJiaqalOT Heiip03IlHTeJIHH, npHHa,n:Jie­

:lKallJ.HH nHrMeHTHOMy CJIOIO, H raHrJIHOHapHblH CJIOH, IlOCTpOeHHb!H H3 HepBHhlX KJieTOK, BHyTpeHHHH IlJiaCT KOTOporo oopasyeT rirnrJIHOHapHbIH CJIOH 3pHTeJlb- Horo HepBa - stratum ganglion n. optici (pHc. 286). Heii:pHThIKJieTOK nocJie.n.­ Hero cpopMHPYIOT 3pHTeJlbHbIH HepB - n. opticus. Heii:p03IlHTeJIHH COCTOHT H3 naJioqeK H KOJI6oqeK, SIBJISI!Olll.HXCH 3QHTeJlbHblMH peu.enTopaMH: naJIO'qKH -

)LJISI CBeTOOlll.Ylll.eHHH, a KOJI60qKH - )LJISI UBeTOOill.Ylll.eHHH. Y HOqHbIX :lKHBOT­

HbIX HMe!OTCSI TOJibKO' naJIOtIKH. ' 0HH TaK:lKe CHJibHO pa3BHTbl B ueHTpaJibHOM IlOJie HaHJiy1m1ero BH)LeHHSI. B OOJiaCTH 3pHTeJlbHOf0 COCKa Heii:p03IlHTeJIHH IlOJI­ HOCTblO OTCyTCTByeT; 3TOT yqaCTOK CeT'IJ:aTKH Ha3bIBaeTCSI CJICilblM nSITHOM.

CllenaR ttacmb cemttamKu - pars ceca retinae - pacna.n.aeTCSI Ha pecHHq­ HYIO H pa.n.y:lKKOBYIO tJ:acrn - pars ciliaris et pars iridica retinae. .06e OHH IlOCTPOeHblH3 .ll.BY,X CJIOCB nHrMeHTHblX KJieTOK H cpaCTaIOTCSI c peCHH'qHbJM TeJIOM H pa.D.y:lKHOB OOOJIOqKoii:.

x

CseTonpeJIOMJHIOJ.L\He cpebl. ^{p y c T a JI fl K -lens - HMeeT cpopMy}

489

Pnc. 286. CxeMa rHCToJiorn11ecKoro CTpoeHHll ceTtJaTKH rna311 (cAeBa - o6ru.nii BH.D., cnpa­ Ba - OT,Zl.eJibHble 3JieMeHTbl):

I 1rnii:poo1111TeJ111ii; U rattrJJ11li cer11a1Kn H3 6m10J1llpnblx KJieToK; 111 raHrJIHil: spnre Horo Hepsa H3 MYJibTHllOJillpHblX KJieToK; 1 - BHyTpeHH!lll H J' - Hapy.arnall 11orpaHH'IHble o6oJIO'IKH; 2 - 11aJIO'IKH H 2' - KoJI6011K11; 3 - llHfMeHTHblH CJIOii CeTtJaT­

KH; 4 011opHall KJieTKa CeTtJaTKH; 5 s<!J<jlepeHTHhle H 6 act><jlepeHTHble HepBHbie so-

JIOK Ha.

J1.BO.HKOBhlny1rnoii JIMH31>I c nepe)l;Heii: 6uJiee mmcRott nuBepxHOCThlO. PacnoJia- raeTCSI OH nosa.n.H pa.n.y:lKKH. XpycrnJIHK coBepweHHO npospaqeH, nJIOTHOii

KOHCHCTeHII.HH H BbIIlOJIHSieT cpyHKUHIO OilTHqeCKOH JIHH3bl - npeJIOMJISieT JiyqH n ,a;aer Mso6pamem1e Ha cer qarne. 11.RaMeTp xpycrnJIHKa y JIOwa.n.H .n.ocTHraeT

22 MM no ropH30HTaJIH H· 19 MM no BepTHKaJIH. TOJIIII.HHa ero B 06JiaCTH OCH

13,25 MM. CHapy:lKH xpycrnJIHK o.n.eT KancyJioH: - capsula ·1entis. Hapemt1ma xpycraJrnRa substanha lenhs cocTOHT H3 nJiornoro

n.n.pa - nucleus lentis - H KOphl - cortex lentis. Kopa nocTpOeHa H3 nJio­

CKHX MHHHbIX KJieTOK, KOTOpble HaCJiaHBalOTCSI nJiaCTaMH Ha SI)l 0 x CTaJIHKa KBaT a. CJie)l.CTBHe 3TOrO HKCHpOBaHHbIH xpyCTaJIHK MO·

:>KeT 6bITb pacCJIOeH no.n.o6HO JIYKOBHUe; '

XpycrnJIHK npHKpenJieH K peCHHqHOMy TeJI TOHKHMH nJIOTHbIMH o nvnu.umn - i rae ZOilU ares, B UeJIOM cpOpMHpy!OIII.HMH pecHMqHbIH nOSICOK - zonula ciliaris. PecaHqm rii noSICOK npOHH3aH JIHMcpaTHqecKHMH µ.I.eJISIMH -

spatia zonularia, sanOJIHeHHbIMH JIHM oH:. B o6hrqHOM noJio:lKeHHH IlJI meH, T. e. ycTaHOBJieH «Ha .n.aJih»; npli COKpameHHH pecHHqHoro TeJia CBSI3-

KH xpycrnm1ka pacCJia6JISIIOTCSI. ·

C T e K JI o B H .n. H' o e T e JI o - corpus vitreum - aanOJIHSieT B rJiaa­ ROM si6JIOKe npocTPaHCTBO nosil.n.H xpycrnJIHKa. Ono COBepweHno npospaqno, cry.n.neBH)l.HOH KOHCHCTeHIJ,HH, TaK KaK Ha 98 % COCTOHT H3 BO)l.51HHCToH :lKH)l.­

KOCTH - humor aquosus, aaKJiloqelinoii B CTPOMe H3 TOHqalilllHX BOJIOKOneu.. Ha ero nepe.n.neii noBepxnoCTH qeTKO Bhl.ll.eJISieTCH cTeKJIOBH.D.HaSI HMKa - fossa hyaloidea. .

Cocy.n;hl rnasHoro H6JJoKa pas)l.eJISIIOTCSI na cocy.n.hl ceTqaTKH H cocy.n.Hcroii aloJioqKH. ApTepHH ceiqaTKH npOHCXO.ll.SIT H3 pecnHqHbIX apTepHii, BcTyna10m.Hx

49b -

B cerqaTKy no OKpy:m OCTH 3pHTMbHOro COCKa, a apTepHH cocy.n.HCTOH . 060- JIOqKH - H3 peCHHqHhIX KOpOTKHX H .ll.JIHHHbIX apTepHii:. BeHbIcocyJJ:mnoii: 060- noqKH BhIXO)l.HT Ha noaepxHOCTb rJia3HOro H6JIOKa B o6JiaCTH ero 3KBaTOpa H o6paay10T euxpeebte eeHbt - venae vorticosa - B BH.n.e aaea.n., 'KOTOpbre nepe­ XO.ll.HT B pecHHqHbie BeHbI. JlHMcparnqecKHe COCy.ll.bl B rJI·a3HOM Ht5JipRe OTCyTCT· BYIOT, HO BMecTO HHX HMelOTCH JIHMcpaTHqecKHe IIJ,eJIH H npOCTpaHCTBa: cpOHTa­

HOBbI, 3IlHCKJiepaJibHble, npOCTpaHCTBa B xpycTaJIHKOBOH CBH3Ke H B CaMOH

· ceTqaTKe.

3All\HTHbIE

H BCHOMOfATEJlbllblE OPFAHbl JIA3A

K 3allJ.HTHhIM H acnoMoraTeJibHbIM opraHaM rJia3a OTHOCHTCH BeKH, cJie3Hhiii annapaT, nepMopoH'ra, rv1amlble MLHHUhI 11 cpacu1rn.

BepxHee u HHJKHee eeKo - palpebra superior et inferior - npe;i:cTaBJIHIOT

co6oii: KOJKHOMbIIIIeqHbie IlO)l.BIDKHble CKJia)l.KH, pacnoJio:meHHbie B o6JiaCTH rna3- HHI(bl auepe;n:w rna3Horo ffOJIOKa (pMc. 287, 288). Dpn CMbIKamm BeKn aaKphI- Ba!OT rna3a, a npH MHraijHH paBHOMCpHO pacnpei{eJISIIOT CJieay no noaepxHOCTH rJia3a H TeM 3ammn.a10T ero OT BhIChIXaHHSI. Me21<.n.y aeKaMH HaXOJl.HTCSI meJih BeK 1ima palpebr ai um. 0Ha cpaBHMTCJihHO He6CTJibilla5f, BCJie;B:crmie qero y

:»<:HBOTHhIX 6eJioqnaH o6oJIOqKa rJia3a noqTH HeBH.D.i:Ia H noJiyqaeTCSI aneqaTJie­ HHe «KpyrJIOrJia30CTH» JKHBO,THbIX. Ilo yrnaM rJia3a o6pa3y!OTCSI JiaTepaJihHaSI H Me.n.HaJihHaSI cnaHKH seK commism a palpebiarum latcralis et medialis; H3 HHX Me)l.HaJibHaSI - OKpyrnaSI, a JiaTepaJihHaSI - 3aOCTpeHHaSI.

Kpaii: aeKa - limbus palpebrae - HMeeT .n.aa pe6pa - Hapy:mHoe H BHYT- peHHee. Hapy:mHoe peopo aepxHero BCKa CHafuKeHO UJIHHHbIMH, AOBOJi bHO IOJI· CTbIMH BOJIOCKaMH - peCHHII.aMH - cilia .- c peCHHqHbIMH :meJie3aMH -gl. cili­ aris. Ha HH:»<:HeM aeKe pecHHII.hI6hIBalOT TOJibKO y :maaqHhIX. Ha BHyTpeHHeM

pe6pe aeK OTKpbIBaIOTCSI caJihHhIC :>KeJie3bI gL sebaceae. CaMH :lKeJie3hI(y Jiu­ IIIa.D.H HX 50, }l.JIHHOH )1.0 6 MM H TOJlllJ.HHOH )1.0 1 MM) npocaeqHBalOT Ha BHYTPCH·

Pnc. 287. f Jia3 KopoBhl c oTBepHyThlMH BeKaMH:

1 - ductuli excretoril; 2 - punctu m lacrimale; 3 - angul us oculi medialis; 4 - J acus J acri malis; 5 - plica semilu­ naris conjunctivae (pal pebra tertia); 6 - fornix conjunctivae superior; 7, 7' -

cilia; 8 ,8' - pal pebra superior et inf e- . rior; 9 -gl andulae ciliares;lO - cornea;

11 - angulus oculi lateralis.

Pnc. 288. CJie3Hhlii: arrnapaT Jioll!aan (ana Ha BHyTpeHHIOIO noaepXHOCTb BeK):

1 - m. orbicul aris oculi (pars pal pebra Jis); 2, 2' - tunica conjunctiva pal pe­ braru m; 3 - gl. ciliares; 4 -gl. conju­ nctivales; . 5 - ductuli excretorii; 6 - car ti Iago et 7 - gl. superficialis pal pe- br ale tertia.

491

HeH: IlOBepxHOCTH BeK. 0HH BbJ)l.eJUJIOT rJia3HYIO CM83KY - sebum palpebrale, KOTOpaSI, CMa3h!BaSI KpaSI BeK, He .n.aeT CJie3aM CKaThIBaTbCSI Ha meKy. CHapy­

' :lKH BeKH noKpb!ThI K.oMeii: c KOpOTKHMH BOJIOCaMH. Y co6aKH .n;opcoMe.n.naJihHO

. OT BepxHero BeKa RaXO)l.HTCSI nylJOK )l.JIHHHb!X BOJIOC. y JIOUla)l.H HH2KHee BeKO yceSIHO OCH3aTeJihHbIMH ' BOJIOCKaMH. . .

Do KpaIO BHyrpeHHero ·pe6pa EeK KO:lKa nepexO)l.HT B. COe)l.HHHTeJibHYIO o60JIOlJKY rJia3a - KOH'blOHKTHB ' KOTO aSI n 0 0

.c Hero .Ha .n.pyroe BeKo. CTo3TOMY pa3JIHllaIOT KOH'bIOHKTHBY BeK H KOH'hIOHKTHBy rnasHoro sioJIOKa - conjunctiva· palpebrae et bulbi. MecTo ne­ pexo.n.a KOH'blOHKTHBbI c BeK Ha rJia3HOe H

HKTHBbI- anu us conjunctivae, a bCTaIOmaSICH m;eJib - KOH'bIORKnIBaJihHbIM MeillKOM - saccus conjunctivae. Y KpynHoro poraTOro cKOTa B KOH'hIDHKTHBe HH:lKHero BeKa 3aJIO:lKeHO CKOnJieHHe

Me)l.HaJibHOM yrny rnasa B03BbIUiaeTCSI CJie3HaSI TOlJKa co CJie3Hb M Ka­ HaJibII.eM nocpe.n.HHe -:-- punctum lacrimale - B BH.ll.e HeooJibIIIOro yToJimeHHSI KOH'bIOHKTHBbI, OKpyMeHHOro MellKJilM ytnyoJI0HHeM . CJie3HhlM 03epuM

Iacus lacrimalis. y cooaK CJie3HaSI TOlJKa He60JibIUaSI, )KeJITOBaTo-6yporo UBeTa.

y CBHHbH OHa HMeeT BH.ll. .HH3KOPO BaJIHKa CBeTJIO-KpacHoro II.BeTa H CO)l.ep:lKHT IlOTOBhle )KeJJ.e3bf . .y. Kpynttoro por:noro CKOTa H y JIOH:Ia;!IJI CJie3HaH TOlJKa

)l.OBOJI&HO KpynHaSI.

TpeThe eeKo - palpebra tertia, HJIH noJiyJiyHHaSI cKJ1a.nKa coe.n.HHHTeJih- HOii o6oJIOqKH plica semilunaris conjunctivae. Jlmnrn ee AO 2,5 cM (y Kpyn- ·

HhIX 2KHBOTHhlX). PacnoJioMeHa Me.n.HaJihHO Ha rJia3HOM si6JioKe. 0Ha no.n..nep­

:arnBaeTC.JI 3JiaCTHlJeCKHM xpSillJ.OM - cartilago - B BH)l.e IlJiaCTHHKH caMOH pa3H006pa3HOH cpopMhI y pa@HbIX )IIHBO'fHBIX.

BeKH npHBO.ll.5ffCSI B JlBHMeHHe psi.n.oM MhIUIU: I) KpyroBaSI MbIUIII.a BeK -

m. · orbicularis palpebrarum - saJIO:lKeHa B TOJIIUe BeK. facTb ee MblUieqHhlx BOJIOKOH npllKperrnsJ'eTCR CBSI3KOi'I K CJH3HOMy 6yr OpKy CJie3HOH KOCTH. Bepx-

Hee BeKO HMeeT )I.Ba IlO)l.HHM3TeJISI - Hapy:lKHb!H H BHyTpeHHHii; 2) IlO)l.HHMa- '

·teJih 1;3epxHero BeKa - m. levator palpebrae superioris - 11.n.eT KOco OT ocHo- •

Bamur CKYIIOBOfO O'FpOC'f!C8 JIOOHOM KOC!fl B BeKO; 3, 4) BepxHSISI H HH:lKHHSI Mbllll·

llhl xpsimeH: BeK - m. tarsalis superior et inferior - H.D.YT OT nep110p6HThI K

xpHmaM BeK; 5) onycKaTeJih HHMHero BeKa, HapyMHaSI meqHaSI Mbllli a -

. ' H T T BeKa Ha ypOBHe JIHII.eBOro rpe6HSI B melJHYIO. cpaCII.HIO.

Cneaehlii annapaT - apparatus lacrimali. s - coCTOHT H3 CJie3HhlX Me

bIX KaHaJihUeB, CJie3HOro MelllKa H HOCOCJie3-

HOro npO.TOKa. .

11. esnaR JICC/lesa - gl. lacrimalis - saJieraeT B .n.o coJiaTe aJihHOH:

u ,. ocHOBaHHH cKyJioBoro OTpOCTKa JI06Hoii KOCTH

H HMeeT ynJiomer;IHYIO cpopMy ..Ee BhlBO)l.Hhle. KaHaJihII.bI - ductuli excretorii - QTKpbIBaIOTCSI B KOH'bIOHKTHBe BeKa. )l\eJiesa BbI)l.eJISieT CJie3bI-

aromHe KOH'bIOHKTHBY H C06HpaIOm;HecSI B CJie3HOe osepo; oTCIO.ll:a OHH nocTynaIOT• qepes CJie3Hhle ornepCTHSI B CJie3Hble KaHaJibUhl. CJies­ Hble ornepcTHSI HaXO)l.SITCSI no COCe)l.CTB co CJie3HOH TOlJKOH

• .11.esnbte 1wnallblf bt -·cana iculus lacrimalis-Bna.n.a10T B c.11.esnbtu

.MeUtoK - saccus lacrimalis - BOpOHKoo6pasH-Oii . cpopMhl, norpyMeHHhIH B cne UHaJihHYIO HMKY CJie3HOH KOCTH. CJiesHb!H MeUIOK n

Hbtu npomoK - uc us nasolacri malis, saKJ110qeHHhiii B CJie3HOM Ka­

HaJie BepXHeH qeJIIOCTH H OTKpbIBaIOIUHHCSI B HOCOBYIO IlOJIOCTb CJie3HblM ornep- CTHeM HeO)l.HHaKOBO y pa3HbIX LKHBOTHhlX. ' •

Y· co6aKH CJiesHaSI MeJiesa 6Jie)l.HO-KpacHoro u.BeTa, Jie2KHT no.n. op6HTaJih­

HOfi CBSI3KOH. HococJie3HbIH KaHaJI OTKpbIBaeTCSI 'HJIH B CKJia)l.Ke )I.Ha npe.n..nBepHSI HOCa, HJIH B BHTpaJibHbIH .HOCOBO/i xo.n.. y CBHHbH CJie3HaSI )KeJie3a CJIH3HCTaSI.

CnesHhrfi MeUIOK, a qac10· H CJiesHoe BeHrpaJihHOe o'fBepcrne oTCy1crny101. Hoco­ cJie3HhIH npOTOK KOpOTKHH, OTKphlBaeTCSI B BeHrj:>aJihHbitt' HOCOBOH xo.zr.. y Kpyn­ HOro poraToro CKOTa CJie3HaSI LKeJiesa COCTOHT H3 ABYX OT)l.eJIOB; HMeeTCSI 6-8

KpynHhIX ·npoTOKOB H HecKOJihKO MeJIKHx. HococJie3HhlH npo10K OTKpbIBaeTC}l

492

B CKJia,nKe ,n:Ha. npeMBepH51 Hoca. y JIOilla,nH CJie3HaSI :meJiesa BeJIHtIHHOH ,no

5,5 x 3 CM; BblBO,nHbIX npOTOKOB 12-16, ,nHaMeTJ>OM ,no 1,5 MM. CnesHOe OT­

Bepcrne KpynHoe - ,no 2 MM. HocoCJie3Hhiii npoTOK OTKphrnaeTCSI B CKJIMKe

)I.Ha npe,MBepHSI HOCa. '

)KeAesa mpembeeO BeKa no,npas,neJISieTCSI Ha noBepXHOCTHYIO H rny60Ky10 - gl. superficialis. et profundus, KOTOpbie pacnoJiara10TCSI H.a xpmu,e TpeTbero BeKa B o6JiaCTH HasoMe,nHaJihHOii noBepxHOCTH rnasHoro si6JioKa H OTKphlBaIOTCSI

2-3 BbIBO)l:HhlMH npOTOKaMH Ha noBepXHOCTH TpeTbero BeKa o6pameHHOH K

rJia3HOMY SI6JIOKy.

y co6aKH HMeeTCSI O,n:Ha )KeJie3a KpaCHOBaTOro UBeTa. y CBHHbH )KeJie3hl TeMH0-0 Oro HJIH KpaCHOBaTOro . UBeTa; rJiyooKafl )KeJie3a HMeeT )l:JIHHy ,no 3 CM, IllHpHHY ,no 1, CM H TOJIIUHHY ,no CM, c O)l:HHM np T M; n

HOCTHaSI :»<:Mesa y HHX He60JiblllaSI, HO c A-5 npOTOKaMH. Y KpynHoro pora­

CKOTa )KeJie3bI)J.JIHHOH ,no 5,5 CM, HMeIOT )l:Ba KpynHbIX H HecKOJibKO MeJIKHX npOTOKOB. y JIOilla,nH pasMepbl :»<:eJie3bl ,no x , x ' . CM.

Ilepuop6uTa -periorbita - nepenoHt1aTh1ii:, KoHycoo6pasHoii <flopMhl Me­

. HHeM OH 3aK enJISieTCSI no· K a!O op6HThl, BeplllHHOii - BOKpyr 3pHTeJibHOro OTBepcTHSI, a Me,nmlJihHOH CTeHKOii npHpaCTaeT K KOCTHOH op HTe. JlaTepaJibHaSI, ,noBOJihHO nJIOTHaSI CTeHKa nepttop6HThl - cao6o,n:Hasi. CHapy:mH

nepwop<hny oKpymaeT BHerJia3HHtIHOe mHpOBOe TeJIO corpus adiposum ex- . traperiorbitale. BHyTpH nepHop6HTbIHaxo,nsiTCSI rnasHoe SIOJIOKO c ero MycKy­ miTypoii:, cocy,naMH, HepBaMH, cpacUHSIMH H BHYTP HrJia3HHtIHoe :»<:Hpoaoe TeJIO -

corpus adip-0sum intraperiorbital e, sanOJIHSI10mee IDMH Me:»<:,ny MhIIllUaMH · H

cpaCU.HSIMlL )l(HpOBOe TeJIO npe,noxpaHSieT rJia3HOe SI6JIOKQ OT TeMnepinypHbIX KOJie6aHHH. y MOJIO)U>IX )KHBOTHbIX OHO MacclrnHee, tieM y CTapbIX. .

Y COOaKI! H CBHHbU OpOIITa rrarepa.llhHO OrpaHHtieHa op6HTaJihHOH CBSI3- KOH - lig. orbitale - JlJIHHOH ,no 20-24 MM.

fJUl3Hble MblWUbl Jie:»<:aT B nepHOp6HT-e B OCHOBHOM nosa.11.H rnasHoro SI6- . JIOKa (trne. 289). BoKpyr apHTe111:.Horo Hepsa pacno.11araercsi ommReuBameAb e.IU13HOeO R6J101w -.- m. retractor bulbi, a BOKpyr OTTSirHBaTeJISI - t1erb1pe npRMbte e.IU13Hbte Mbltulfbl - m. rectus dorsalis, ventralis, lateralis et medialis.

Bee OHH Batfmtiuoren B O.KPY*HIOCTH apHTeJII>Horo owepcrn:H, a 0Kammsa10TCH Ha rnasHOM SIOJIOKe; OTTSifHBaTeJih - BOKpyr Hepaa, a npsiMI>Ie Mh!Illllbl - Ha

CKJiepe 6JIH3 porOBHUbl rnasa, Ha COOTBeTCTBYIOW.HX nosepXHOCU X rJI83HOro sioJIOKa. Kucm Mlt3HbtX Mbtttttf .;ll;Be ;11;opca.1n.nasi H Bem'Pali1:.aa51 m ohli-

quus dorsalis et ventralis. Kocasi ,nopcaJihHa.a Mh IllUa rnasa HatIHHaeTCSI 6JIH3 pellleTtiaroro OTBepCTHSI, HanpaBJISieTCSI no Me,nHaJihHOH CTeHKe op6HTbI K Me­

)J.HaJibHOMY yrny rnasa, nepeKH;ll;blBaereH 11epea xpsnu,eBoii: 6.iiok nepuopouThI

H KpyTO noaopat1HBaeT Ha rnas­ HOe si6JIOKO. Kocasi aeHTJ>aJibHaSI MhllllUa rJiasa HJleT Ha ma H

JIOKO OT MblllletIHOH HMKH CJie3HOH

KoCTH. 06e MhllllUbI saKaHtIHBa!C>T- CSI Ha JiaTepaJibHOH no epxHOCTH rnasHoro SI6JIOKa.

Pnc. 289. Mblmllbl rnasHoro a6JioKa (Ha paspese):

1 - pal pebra superior; - pa pe ra inf erior; 3 - bulbus oculi; 4 - gl. lacrimalis; 5 - proc.' zygomaticus os. frontalae; 6 - m. rectus dorsalis; 7 - m. levator palpebrae superioris; 8 -corpus adiposum extraperiorbita­ le; 9 - periorbita; 10 -n. opticus; 11 - m. rectus ventral.is; 12 m. retractor bulbi; 13 - corpus adipo­ sum intraperiorbltale; 14 - maxilla; 15 - m. obliquus ventralis.

493

DpHMhle MhIIIIIU>I noBopatIHBaroT rJiaa B cOO'.rBeTCTByrow.yro cTopoHy, a BMec­ Te c OTTHrHBaTe.n:eM - HecKOJihKO BTHrHBaroT ero B op6HTy. Kocb1e - spaw.a­ IOT rJia3..

ct>acuHH, KaK BcnoMoraTe.n:hHhle opraHhl rJiaaa, no.n.paa.n.e.n:HroTcH Ha ¢ac­ llHIO op6HThl H rJia3HOro H6JIOKa.

lloeepxHocmHaJl ¢acquR op6umbt - fascia superficialis orbitae - aa­ KpenJIHeTCH BOKpyr 3pHTeJlbHOro OTBepcTHH H B BeKax; OHa OT aeT MhlIIIetI H .JIY oKo acu.HH. Ay6o1UlJI. <jxJcquR op6umbt - fascia profunda

orbitae - COCTOHT H3 HeCKOJlhKHX JIHCTKOB, O)leBalOW.HX MhlllIIJ.bI rJiaaa. c/Jacqwi

2AasH020 Ji.6Aotro. - fascia bulbi - o MH eT BOK r rJiaaHoro

e - vagma u 1, KOTopoe nepexo.n.HT Ha apHTMhHhlii Heps H o6paayeT BJiaraJIHllJ.e 3pHTe.n:hHOfO Hepsa - vagina n. optiti. npocTpaHCTBO BHYTPH

¢actiHH HaahlBaeTcH Ha.n;cKJie aJihHhIM - s atium e iscl

c cy .nypaJibHbIM H cy6apaxHOH.l(aJihHblM npOCTPaHCTBaMH.