-
UHcppaeYe Jr;aHhYe, xapaKiepHsytouore k01ky lKhbothyx
(no IO. T. Texepy, c HSMeHeHH) · ·
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Tea' oceoa.. ICOlltH (MM H %) |
TOJIWHRll llO,ltKOJK• HOro CJiosn MMl' |
|
|
• Bll.!I >icHBOTHblX |
Macca kOlKH (Kr) |
IlpoQeRT 01' Macehl Te.Ila |
noae'px- HOCTb (.ztMI) |
TOJIIQHRa KOlKH (MM) |
10.lllQ.RHa 90H.ztep- MHca (MM H %) |
|||
|
Koposa TeJJeHoK HO_B,.O. - |
20-40 |
6-7 i1 .19 |
620-380 |
3-4 4,5-6* |
50-60 2-2% |
- 88,2% |
- 9,6% |
|
|
Osua CBHHb.11 -!!OWBJib · ' |
1,5-2,5 7-,-IQ 8-20 |
5-7,3 5,6-6 5 |
60-80 . 130-175 105-340 |
0,7-2 .0,6-3 1-7 |
15-30 50-110 25-30 |
1,9-3,2 I 5-3'1 |
- - - |
|
|
,,.---·-· |
|
10,1 |
U· -""U |
.6 |
2-3% |
70% |
27 28% |
|
*
y
TBrHJlbCKOA
nopO)lhl
KpynHoro
poraroro
CKOTa
II
ueHTHoe
0
:
.
n p H M e q a H H e•. B paSJIHqffblx. yqacTKax Te.Ila lJtHBOTHoro TOJllQH118 KOll(H pasJiff1mall. v JIOWa.ztH e..
OC5JlaCTH KJ>yna - Jl.O ·1 MM, nOHCHHUbl - 4.5 MM, COHHbl - 3,5-4-MM, XOJIKH - 3,3-0 MM, wee - 2,5-
3 MM, ll(H80Ta no 2 M"f BHJITPffilHHH noeepx•IOCTh f:ieAlJ& .ztB 1 MM·.
.
KpoeeaLle H JIHl\l$aTuqecKite cocy.zi:&i KOJKH y KpynHoro pornroro cKoTa HMelOT CJIOlKHoe eTpoeHne u pacnuJJal a!OTCH a qeTblpe Hpyca. C8Moe rJiy6oKoe
cnJieTeHHe - Me1K.ll.Y IlOllK01KHbIM IlJiaCTOM H clJaCUHSIMH TeJia, OHO npe.qcTaBJieHO
Kpym blMH cocy.naMH; BTopoe - IlO.ll. perHKYJISlpHbIM CJIOeM H? ypoaHe Il OTOBbIX H caJibHbIX me.ne3, oHo 601aro BeH03HbIMH aHaCTOM03aMH. Ha rpaHnue ceTt1aroro
H
peTHKYJISlpHoro
.CJIOeB
HaXO)lHTCSI
TpeTbe
cn.ileTeHHe,
GOCTOSIW.
e
H3
TOHKO
CTeHHbIX
COCY.ll.OB.
11,
HaKOHeU,
IlOJJ.
9IlHllepMHCOM
OKOJIO
cocoqKoBoro
CJIOSI
)le
-
Hpyc,
raTbl
KanHJIJISIP,aMH. HHOCTb
KpOBO-
CHao1KeHHSI
H
cTpoeHHSI
cocy.nm;TOro
pycJia
KO}l{H
CBSl3aHa
c
no.n.n.ep1KaHHeM
nocTOSIHCTBa
.TeMnepaTyphl
Tena
1KHBOTHoro.
OcooaSI
poJib
B
3TOM
npuHa.nJie:itrnT
aj1repHO-BeH03HbIM
aHaCTOM03aM,
HaH6oJiee
CHJibHO
pa3BHThlM
B
K01Ke
yIIIHblX
paKOBHH
H
Ha
KOHeqHOCTSIX
y
KpynHoro
potaTOro
CKOTa.
-
JlHMcparrHt1ecKHe cocy.nhI KOMH eaqHHalOTC51 H3 cyosnu.zi:epMaJibHoro CJIOSI. Oau oopaayIOT noaepxHOCTHyIO,. cpe.ll.HIOIO H rJiy6o.KylO IlO)lK01KHYIO CE!TH, li3 KOTOpbIX TIO JIHMclJaTHqecKHM COCY.ll.aM JIHMcpa COOHpaeTCSI B perHoHapHhle JIHM cpaTHqeclrne Y3Jihl.
HHeepsa1'ffH · K01KH. HepBHble .sJieMeHTbl B K01KHOM rroKpoae, y HH3IIIHX
186
pa3HOH <l><>PMoH SIJJ.ep llIBaHHOBCKHX KJieTOK, BhIXOJJ.SllIJ,lie HS CHMrraTHqeckoro OT.n;eJia H rrpeJJ.HasHaqeeeble .ll.JI.H HH:He'paaiurn rna.n.KHx MhIIHIJ.. AqxpepeHTHhie BOJI01ma B OCIIOBIIO¥ npe;lliCTa.BJieHDI CpeJlHJ:lMH MS[KOTHblMH c . llHaMeTPO.M
. 8-16 MKM y KpynHblX lil 4-6 MKM y MeJIKHX :>KHBOTHhIX. B UeJIOM KOJIHqecTBO
OesM.HKOTHblX BOJIOKOH • smp:1iiTeJil>HO npeBaJiupyeT HaJJ. MSIKOTHbIMH.IlyqKH MSIKOTHWX 80JlOKoH o6pasyi<>T B. FHBQZJ,epMHce OC}IOBHoe CDJle'reHHP. coeHHH.HIO-
III.eeC.H c0 CIJJle're1rneM OCHOBl>I K01KH.. B KoH<e , eocoaoro sepKaJil>II.a oaeu (no
.n.
)laHHbIM 0. lpHCeJIKOBOH; 1965) co.nep)KliTCSI O.H'rb cl>oPM HepBHhIX OKQHqa
HHii:, pacnOonOOKeHHlil B HO,ll31JHTeJHfaJibHOi't TKaIIH H HOKpOBHOM SIIHreJIHW OCH-
:saTeJibH:We (MepKeJISI), TepMHHaJil>Hhie (KOJI6hI · Kpayse), eeiiHKam;Y;JIHpoilaHHble KJiy6oqKH, HepBBhle BOJioKHa co MHo1KecTBOM 6yJiaBOBHJJ.HhIX yToJIIII.eHHH B no
KposHOM $DHTeJIHH B CBCJ6oAHl>Ie OKOHllalfHSI HepjillbIX BOJIOKOH 6ea BCSIKHX )rro.n-
1
. m.eHHH Ha KOHH,8X, SaJieraIOlIJ,He B snH'reJrnaJil>HOH H coe)J.HHHTe.ill>HOH· TKHH.
I'. 11. 3a6yceB H A. TI. MaCJIOB (1967) OOHCaJIH TpH BHJUl HepBHhIX OKOHqaH_HH,.
a corJiaCHO Jl.aHHbIM c. ;[loreJrn (1903}, B JC91Ke tteJioBeKa H?Clfl 'l'LIBaeTCSI JJP 15
¢opM qyBCTBHTeJll>HblX HepBHblX OKOH1laHHH. . .
. PaaBHTHe KOJKHoro notcpoea. Y no3BOHoqHhIX 1KH:i!oTHhIX .KO:>KHbIH ooKpoa
pa3BiiBaeTCSI HS JJ.BYX-3apoJJ.blllie8hIX JIHCTKOB. I0 Hapy2KHbIU nmict 9HHJJ;ep MHC (9IIHTe11HaJil>HbIH) cl>oPMHPYeTCSI H3 9KTOJJ.epMbI, a BHyTpeHHHH _:_ OCHOBa K01KH, CoeJI.HHHTeJil>HOTKaHljblH H IIOJJ.KO>KHblH IJJlaCT pasBHB8IOTC.H H3. Me3eH-
XHMhI cpe.J1.Hero sapo)J.blwesoro JIQCTKa. ·
-
.• H JI 0 r·e H e e y 6ecno3BOHQqHblX K01KHhIH IlOKpOB UeJIH°KOM 9KTO
.n.e MaJil>HC.ro opoucxo)l{J].e,HH.H H opeJJ.CTaBJieH JIHillb (OJJ.HOCJIOHHbl M 90HTeJIHeM.
TaKOe
CTpoe1me
K01KH
coxpaH.He'J'C.H
eIIJ,e
H
y
JiaHueTHHKa
o
6Hii
snHTeJIHH
y:HCe
JJ.ByxCJioii
HhIH.
Hatlll:Ha.H
e
KpyrJiopoThlx,
9IIHTeJIHH
CTaHo
BHTC.H
MHdroCJIOHHblM
H
pa3BHBaeTC.H
·xopowo
Bhipa1KeHHa.H
OCHOBa
KO:>ICH
C-KOJI-
JiareHOBblMH H 9JlaCTliqecKHMH BOJIOKH3f>lli·. y II03BOHoqHbIX opoCJie>KRBae'I'C}I
J].BOSIKa.H JlJlPeHII.HpOBKa IIOKp9ooa: rrepa0qeoBOJJ.HOro THOa_ H Ha3eMHOro•
.H
ne
ooro
THIIa
xa
aK Hhl
o6HJIHe
B
30HJJ.epMHCe
OJ].HOKJleTOqHblX
>KeJies
H
CKJIOHHOCTb
K
o6pasoBaHHIQ
OCHOBHOH
KO:Hm
coeJJ.HHHTeJil>HbI
M
CJIOeM K01K
HOro
CKeJieTa;
J].JISI
BToporo
THIIHqHbIM
CJiyJKHT
,00.HBJieHHe
poroBblX
rrpoHSOO.H.-
ca
':e
BH
e
qew
ii
oe
beB
BOJIOC. eJie3hI
'
HHX
TOJll>KO
MHOro-
KJiero11Hble. Coe}J.HHHTeJil>HaSI TKaHl> .naer o6HJIHe aoJioKHHcThIX CTPYKTYP· .SI MJieKOIIHTalOIIJ.HX CTaHOBH'PCSI xapaKTepHbIM. ilpu coxpaHeHHH poroBoro 9IIHJJ.ep
M'a.JJbHQM noKp<>Ba paaBHTHe BOJioc u uso6HJIHe K01KHhIX 1KeJies. B ooJJ.K01KHOM
nJiaCTe y HHX 00.SIBJISleTC.SI 6o.nbWOe KOJIHqecTBO" 1KHpOBOH TKaHH.
. 3 M 6 p H o r e H e s K o m a er r o o o K p o B a. Ko1KHhIH ooKpos B
aapQJJ.bIUieBl>Iii: H ope,n;rm()J(HblH nepHQllhI $>pMlipyeTCH MeJlJleHHo. CToCJie o6o- cb6JieHH.SI H3 3KTOJJ.ep'.Mbl eepBHOH IIJiaCTHHKH npolicxo}J.HT qmpMHposaHHe JJ.By
. CJioH:eoro anHTeJIHaJibHoro noKpoBa. B Tetreene np'eJJ.nJio.neoro hepuo.na aou
pMHC c;FaHoBHTCSI MI-Jorocnoihil> M K KnHuy' aaporrblwesoro nepuo.n.a KO.>Ka
yCJI01KH.HeTCSI sa c11eT IIOJJ.CTHJiaIOmeA ee MeseHXMhI, COMaTOnJieBpbI H .nepMa TOMOB. COMHT. M.eseHXHMa, pacnoJiara.SICb oo.n. 30HTeJIHaJil>HbIM CJIOeM, o6pa3yeT JJ.epMy. TiapaJLlleJibHO ,c OCHOBHbIMH COCTaBHblMH 9.1leMeHTaMH KO:HCH. H3 nosepx HOCTHOro 9KTO.H.epMaJlbHOro CJIO.H paaaHBaIOTCSI ee opOH3BO)J,Hble: BOJlOCbl, KO:HC Hble 1KeJle3bl (B.TOM 1lHCJle H MOJIOqeaSI 1Ke3a), MSIKHWH H poroae o6paso BaHHSI Ha KotlellHOCTSlX (HOM'H, KOM'H, KOObITO, KOilhITUe) H FOJIOBe (para
:Hrnat1HbIX). <l>opMHpoBaHHe. K01KH H ee .nepHBaTOB B . OCHOBHOM 3aKaH1lHBaeTCSI y n,JIO.!{OB KpynHoro porroro CKOTa,_ K 4 Mee y IIJIO.ZJ.OB OBeu - K 2,5-3,5 M:ec,
a y IJJlO.ZJ.OB CBHHeH HeCKOJll>KO paHl>Ille.
187
PHc.
103.·CTpoeHHe
BOJioca
B
xce.11es
KoXCH
(no
IO.
T.
' , ' Texsepy):
I - KpOIOJ,llH:li · BOJioc; // -·aOJioc H cj>OJIJIHKYJI. (B pas·
. pese); 1 -JJYICoBHll8 BOJIOca; 2 - COCO'leK BOJioca; 8 -
C8JlbHSJI JKeJiesa;· 4 .-:- OOTOB8ll xcenesa; 5 -npHDO)lHH"
' > M8TeJib BOJIOCS.