Systema limp haticum'

. JluM!flamyecKaSI CRCNMB MOpctlOJIOl'HlleeKH .SIBJI>leTCH B OC]IOBHOM qpu.n;aT- KOM KpaHBaJibHOH IlOJIOH ·BeHbl, a cpyHKII.HOHaJibHO .n;onbJIH.SleT KpOBeHOCHyK>

ClfCTeMy (puc. 227). . . '

' B OTJUU :u OT KpOBeHOCHOft JlMMtPaTHqecKMI CHCTeMa BbIIlOJIHSleT apeita:JIC-

HYIO </JYHICt{UIO OTBO,lllfT B KpOBeHOCHoe pyCJio B36bITOK :>KIIJ,J,KTH HS TKaHeH:, .

pesop6upyeT If3 TKaHeH KO.liJIOif.D;Hble pacTBOphl 6e.nKOBbIX Bew.ecTB, He cnoco6-

Hb!X npolnlKHYTh ,Blij)OBeHOCijble KaiiRJIJIKphl, a us Klfweq rn:Ka . Hpa; BqI-

IlOJIHSleT saIIJ.HTHYIO cpyHKII.BIO, KOTOpa.SI Bhtpa.>K:aeTC.SI B Oll,IfIUeHBH JIBMcpbI OT·

nocTopoHHBX qacTHII., MHKpoopraHHSMOB JI TOKCHHOB; H Kposoo6 asoBaTeJibH IO SaTeM B KpOBb.

cj>TH'lecKoH C!fCTeMbl: ' -

11ecKHX it KpoBeHoCHblX KanHJIJIBpos (H9 IO. T. Texsepa); B -nosepxHoCTHasr a r.ny6oKaa

14. srpbl .nerKHX (no B. H. YcK'osy); 1 -cep.nae; 2 -aprepusr; 3 -Kposeuocaw:e Kanu.n.nB­ 'yse.n; 8 --- rRY.llHOH JIHMcj>aTHQeCKHA npOTOKi 9 ....: KJleTKH HCeJieshi; JO -- TK8HeBasr .lKH,Zl• 12 -JIHMcl>aTHQeCKHe cocy,nlil. ' '

381

PA3BHTHE JIHM<l>ATHqECKOA CHCTEMbl

y 6ecrro3BOHOqHblX H HH3IIIHX Il03BOHOl HhIX JIHMcpaTHqecKa.SI CHCTeMa oi­ cyTCTByeT, a ee tPYHKUH.SI (,npeHa}l('.Ha.SI) BhIIlOJIH.SieTC.SI .BeH03HOH CHCTeMOH. JlHM­

cpaTHqecKa.SI CHCreMa arrepBble 110.SIBJI.SieTC.SI y pbI6 B BH,ZJ,e JIHMcpaTHllecKHX CHHy­ COB, pacnOJIO}l('.eHHhIX no.n; Ja)}l('.eH n Ha :>KeJIY,ZJ,OllHO-KHIIIetIHOM TpaKTe. B TaKOM

JKe rrpHMnTHBHOM BH,ne OHa npe,ncTaBJieea. H 3eMHOBO,l{HhIX, KOTO b!X B OT- JIHtine OT phi nMeIOTC.SI ){Be naphl JIHM aTHlleCKHX CeJmeU. C MhIQJetIHblMn CTeHKa­ MH u KJiarraHaMH; Oen rrepeKaqnaaIOT JIHMcpy tf3 CHeycoa B .SipeMHhle n B no.n;­

B3.zi:orilHbie BeHhl. JlHIIIb y TeTIJIOKpOBHh X }l('.nBOTHbIX <l>opMnpyIOtc.SI JIHMcpaTnlle- CKHe cocy,nhI B an.ne y3Knx Tpy6oK: B HeOOJihIIIbM KOJIHtiecTBe oen ecTh y nTHU,·

6y.zi:ytIH clia6*eHhIMaJio'!HCJieHHhl.Mn KJianaHaMH. K.llanaHhl YJIYtIIIIaIOT ,ycJIOBH.SI

TOKa JinM$hI, llTO npnao.n;I't:T K Hcqe3HOBeHnIO JIHMcpaTHlleCKHX cep11eu (y B3poc- JlhIX UTHU). . .

Y MJieKonHia10lli;Hx JIHMcpaTHqeCKHe cocy.zi:h1 pa3BH1'hIxopollio. Oen HMeIOT MHOrOtIHCJieHHhie K)lanaHbl. 003TOMY y MJieKOilnTa10mnx JinMcpaTHtieCKne cepn-

ua oTcyrcTByIOT M*e B ::iM6pHot1aJihHoH:. *n3HH.

Jlu.M<jJouanble e6pasosanwi H JZuM<jJamuttecKue ysAbl BcTpetiaIOTC.SI TOJihKo y

• TeITJIOKpOBHbl:X }l('.HBOTHhIX. y . I l TIH IOTMetiaIOT JUIMcpomIHble 06pa3oaamrn B BHJie MHH,n;aJIHH B Tpex MecTax: Tpy6Hhle M1rn,n;aJIHHhl - tonsilla tubaria -B o6Jiacm fJIOTKH{ OHJ:I(.eBO,l{Hhle MlfH)laJIHHhl - tonsill1;1 esophagea -B KOHUe IlHllJ.eBO.l(a

l!I MHHllaJJHHbl CJienoH. KHIUKH tonsilla cecalis y HaqaJia CJieilblX KlUllOK

.y BO)lOnJiaBi:l.IOUJ,HX• IlTHU HMeIOTC.SI H JIHMcpaTHlleCKHe Y3JlhI, HO TOJihKO B .nayx

Mec1'ax: I1IeliHorpy.n;e_hie JinMcpoy3Jihl-In. · cervicothorocales - npH axo.n;e B rpyneyIO no.pO£Th, y Koeua HpeMHblX BeH H no.sICHMtIHhle JIMMcpoyaJiw In. lum

bale5 ...:..... Me}l('..ll.Y noqKaMH.·

,JII't:M:cpaTHqecKne ysJihl .nocTnra10T cBoero nommro pa3BHTH.SI TOJihKO y·. MJie-

npaBHJIO, . KOHT OJinpyJ:OT JIHMijly' OTTeKaIOUJ,YIO He TOJlbKO OT BCeX BH)'TpeH^'HOC-

TeH, HO H H3 ' Bce;x: ,npyrHX opralfoB. •

Do CBOeMY C'rpoell:HJO JIHM$>yaJihl 'c'ihl.B3IO'P KOIIueHTpHpoDaIIl1QPO, HpOMe .

*YTOllHO.ro ·Ii: )lHCnepcaoro 1:nnoB. 0.zi:mollHhIH JIHMcpoyseJI KOHUeHTpHpOBaHHOfO THna HMeeTC.SI, eanpHMep, Y· .n;eJib<l>nHa, HaH6oJiee .n;peBHero MJieKonHTaIOUJ,ero

>KHBOTHoro. 3'FO'F y3eJI co6H:paeT JlHM¢y co Beero KHlllClfHMKa. .:l\faJiolfMCJiett-

Hh e JIHMcpoy3JibI KOHueHTpHp6BaHHc:iro THna HaXCl)l.SIT y XHUJ,HhIX }l('.HBOTHhIX, 6o6pa, l{poJIHKa a AP· JlHMcpoy3Jibl .n;Hcnepceoro THna xapaKTepH3YIOTC.SI oqeeh 6oJibHH{M ICOJIHlfeeTaoM .(eanpHMep, y oitormmM), c:eoen MaJioii: BeJIHt11urnn H

rpynnOBhIM pac110JI011<:eeneM (naKeTaM_H). Ka*,n;hli'i H3 TaKnx y3JI0B co6HpaeT JIHMcpy c oripe.nMeijHoro ·y11ac;rKa TeJia. JlHMcpoy3JihI rrpoMe:>KyrotIHOro THrra

OllCHb a::rno0Ppa3HDI, BCTpe11aIOIC.SI B cpaBHI1IeiJbHO He6uJibllIOM KOJmqecTBe n pa3JIHqHoi'i cpopMbl y ' pa3HhIX :>KHBOTHhlX.

TaKae pa3Hoo6pa3He JinMcpoysJioB 3aBHCHT or HX caoeo6pa3Horo pa3BHTH.SI ny TeM JJ;IllpcpepeauBall.1111 l'l30JUipuBaHHblX CHHycoa, KOTOphle CBSI3aHbl c onpe-

.)leJieHHbIMH1 npHHOC.SIJAnMH JinMcpaTHqecKHMn cocy.n;aMH. BHCIIIHHe rpaHHUbl Ta­ KHX CHHycoB Ha JIHM¢Qyi:max MoryT H He 6h Th, HO HX o6Hapy}l('.HBaIOT B BH)l;C O'I'AeJihHblX, TO ooJiee CJiaoo, To ooJiee cIIJihHo Bhipa*eHHhIX .n;oJiei'i Ha y3Jiax. l-faOJIHPOBaHHhle CHHycM H .D;OJlbqaThle JIHMcpoy3Jibl BcTpetiaIOTC.SI y .BCCX }l('.H­ BOTHhIX n'·.n:a}l('.e y qe.tJ:OBeKa. . .

B .n.aJihHei'illieM caoeM pa3Bnrn:n JIHMcpoy3JII;>I ,npo6.SITC.SI Ha 6oJiee MeJIKHe,

qTo BJieqeT 3a co6oi'i IlOBh IIIeHne HX 3alli,HTHOH cpyHKUHH. 0ocJie,l{H.SI.SI o6ecrre­ llHBaeTC.SI YBeJIH"lefUleM pemK:yJI03H)lOTeJIH.SI,, KOTOpb B Bbl THJiaeT CHHycbl JIHMcpoy3JIOB, a TaK*e 3aMeHOH O)lH03Ta11HblX nyTei'i OTTOKa JIHMcpbI H3 Y3JIOB Ha .zi:ayx- H MHOf03TanHhle nyTn OTTOKa, Kor.n;a o,nHa H Ta :m:e nopurn,JIHMcpbl npoxo)J.HT He TOJibKO 'llepes o,ziHH JIHMltJOY3eJI, a IlOCJie,noBaTeJihHO qepes He­ CKE:>JlhKO JIHM<i>oY3JIOB, qTQ HCKJIIOqaeT B03M0}1('.HOCTb pacupocTpaHeHH.SI KaKHX­

JIJI60 HHcpeKUHB qepe3 JIHMcpaTHtiecKyIO CHCTeMy (JI. - BecnaJIOBa,' 1966).

382

COCTAB JIHM<l>ATHl.J ECKOA CHCTEMhl

JlH,M<PawqecKasi: CHC1'eMa COCTOHT .H3 JIHM<l>hl, JIHM<l>aTHqeCKHX ' cocyioB,

. JIHM<l>awqecKHX npoTol<:oB u JIHM<l>aTHqecKHX Y3JIOB.·

JIHM<l>a -lympha -.>K:If..ll;KOCTb, 3anOJIHSIIOW.aH Mce.>K:KJieTOqHble npocrpaH­ CTBa If JIHM<PawqecKHe cocy,nbl. 0TcIO,na omi. no,npa3.ne.1l5leTCSI Ha TKaHeBYIO JIHM­

<l>Y u cocy,nHcTy10. B ee cocTaB BX0.11SIT riJia3Ma H <l>opMeHHb e ::iJieMeHTbl. 0Jia3Ma

JIHM4>h1 cxo.11Ha c nJia3MOH KpOBH, o,nHaKo H CH.nbHO OTJIHllaeTCSI OT Hee TeM, llTO co,nep.>K:HT npo,nyKTbI o6MeHa sew.ec.TB TeX opraHOB, H KOTOpbIX OHa OTTeKaeT. KJieroqHble ::iJieMeHTbIJIHM<l>bI npe.ncTaBJiellbl r.naBHblM 06pa30M JIHM:¢oUHTaMH,

' nocTynaioW.UMH B JIHMcpamtiecKHe cocy,nbi H3 JIHMWc:iTHqecKHX y3JI0B. B JIHMcpy,

OTTeKa10w.y10 H3 KHIIIetIHHKa, BCaCblBaeTCH .>K:Hp, Il03TO!'J' 3Ta JIHMcj>a npHHHMaeT

MOJIOqHblH BH.11 H ee Ha3blBaIOT XU/llOCOM -chylus: • '

JIHM<l>aTH'leCKHe COCYJ!.bl p.a3.lleJISllOTCSI Ha ' JJHMcparnqecKHe Kammuspbl, HHTpaopraHHble ff ::iKcTpaopraHHhie JIHMcpamqecKrre cocy.l1bl · JIHMcpaTHqecKHe

npOTOKH. .

Jlu1rujJamuitec 1Cue Kanu1umpbt OOCTpoeiihl B3 Q.!lHoro TOJJKo SIHJlOTMIUI. OT

KpoBeHOCHblX KanHJIJISlpOB OHH OTJIHqaIOTCSI 60Jiee .KpynHblM npocBeTOM, He­

paBHOMepHOH TOJIW.UHOH, c11oco6HOCTbIO JiefKO paCTSlrHBaTbCSI, HaJIHqHeM CJie­ IlblX OTpocTKOB B IDIJ(e na Il blJ,eB nep1rnTKH (pllc. 227 B). '3l!){oTeJinit K3QUJIJf5{

poB TecHo .epacTaeTCsi:· c ""Coe,nHHHTM bHOTKaHHblMH BOJIOKHaMH, /Il93TOMY_ npH 110BblllleHHli ,naJ3JieHHSI B '!'KaHSIX JIHMcpaTHqe<;Kife Kal1HJIJIS1pb1 He TOJibKO He c,naB­ UllB3JOTCH, Ho, Hanponrn, pacn1r11Ba10'FCJI, lJTO nMeeT_ oOJibllloe snaqnHe B naTOJIOfHH. .

JlHMcpaTHqecKHe Ka11HJIJIS1pb1 BCI0.11Y conpoBO.>K:,naIOT 1$'.poBeHOCJjh e KanHJI• n.si:pbl OHM oTcyTcTBYIOT TaM, r.a;c neT KpoBeHoCHbfX KanHJJJJ.si:pos; a TaJ:tifre B ueHTpaJibHOH HepBHOH CliCTeMe, B opraHaX, nocTpoeHHhIX H3 peTHKyJisi:pHoii

TKaHH; B CKJiepe fJia3Horo .H6JioKa, B xpycTaJIHKe If B nJiaUeHre. B 0.11HHX opra­ Hax JIHM$amqecmre Kam1Jimtpbl o6pMy10r no:aepxHOCIHhie H IJ1y6oKae _ce'fH

(B K02Ke, CJIH3HCTOH, ·060JIOllKe me.ny,nKa, ' B cepo3Hb X o60!JOqKax), B .npyrnx . OHH H.11YT B pa3HblX HanpruweHH.HX (B MbIUIUax, .HHqHHKe). B o6om Jiyqasi:x MCLK·

;11;y IC8HHJIJrn:paMH cym;eCTBYIOT MHOI OlJH;CJieHHble\ aHacTOM03bl, JIHMcpaTH.qecKHe

CriJieTCHH.Si . \

Jlu.M.<jJamuttecKue cocy8bl - vasa yqiphatica - HMeIOT, noMHMo 3H.110TeJIH.H,

;n:noJIHMTMbIU>re u6oJiulJK!1 (wH'lm\ia, Me;Ztrra H a.n;BeHTHUH.H). Me,n:Ha pa3BHTa cJia6o, Ho co,n:epmHT rna,n:Kae Mblllie,tIHble KJie'rKH• .lI.HaMeTp cocy.n:os He3Hatrn­ TeJibHhIH, CTeHKH c 60JibllIHM K6JIHllecTBOM napHbIX KJiamiHOB, npo3paqHble, B cHJiy qern Ha upenapaTaX JIHMct>aiHtieCKHe cocy,n:bl Tpy,n:eo pa3JIHtIHMbl, ecJIH OHH ·He HailOJIHeHbl JIHMcpoH:. 11HTpaopraHHbl .nHMcpaTHlleCKHe cocy)I.bl QlleHb MeJI·

KHe H 06pa3y10T 6oJibIIIoe KOJIHtiecTBo aHacTOM030B. 3KcTpaopraHHble, HJIH OT- ' BO)J.SlllVIe, JIHMcpaTHqecKHe cocy,n:bl HeCKOJibKO KpynHee. 0HH pa3,n:eJI.HIOTC.H Ha

110BepXHOCTHbre, HJIH 110,n:KOLKHh e, H rny6oKHe - vasa lymphatica superficialis

et profunda. 00.11KOLKHhlC JIHMcpaTHllecKHe COCY.llbl H.n;yT pa.n,rra.nbHO B HanpaB- JieHHH ueHTpaJibHO pacnoJiomeHHbIX JIIiMcpaTHqecKl'.IX Y3JIOB. fJly6oKHe JIHMcpa­

THtieCKHe cocy.llbl npoxo.n:si:T B cocy.11HcTo-HepBHblX nyqKax. ffo cBoeMy xo.n:y JiHM·

cpamqecKHe cocy.n;hI 06pa3y10T cnJieTeHFr.H - lexus 1 m haticus. aK npaBHJIO, J.J:HM aTHq_ecKHe cocy,nbl B11a.n;a10T B o6JiaCTHble (perHol!aJib­

Hb1e) JIHMcpan qecKHe Y3JibI, Haxo,nmu,Hec.H Ia 011pe,neJieHHbIX MecTaX Tena (cooT-

BeTCTBYIOIIJ,He JIHM aTHqecKHe coc bl o6 a3 «K HH» HM H

25. 3JIOB • ,n:HaKO B JIHTepaType OTMeqeHO HeMaJio CJiyqae•. KOfJJ:a· JIHMcpaTHqecKHe cocy,nbl He no,nqHH.HIOTC.H OTMeli:eHHOH 3aKOHOMepHOCTH li sna.n:aIOT HJIH B rpy.n:iioH: JIHMcpamtieCKHli nporoK, MHHY.H JIHMcpaTHqecKHe Y3JihI, HJIH .n.ame aerrocpe.n­ cTBeHHo B BeHb , qTQ HMeeT '6oJibllioe 3HaqeHiie B naTbJiornH npu pacnpocTpa- HeHHH HHcpeKUHli HJIH 3JIOKaqecTBeHHhIX 06pa30BaHHH. '

K ocffoBHblM JIHMcpaTHqecKHM cocy.n;aM owoc.HT JIHMcparHtiecK:rrH: rpy,n:HoH: npoToK, npaBblH JIHMcpamqecKHH. cTaoJI, TpaxeaJibHble, 110.HcHHtIHble H KHIIIe Hble npoTOKH. MeJIKHe JIHMcpaTHqecKHe cocy,n:bl HMeIOT vasa vasor.um (cocy,ti.bl cocy,n:oB) H3 CeTeH KpOBeHOCHblX. Ka11HJIJI.HpOB, a B CTeHKax Kpy11Hb X JIHMcpa-

,I

TH11ec.Wx cocy.lloB u nporoKaX sa.no:>1<eHhl aprepHH H BeHbl. JlHM4>aTH11ecKHe co- .

. CYJU>l HlUlepBHpyIOTCH CHMnaTHtlecKHMH HepBaMH. . . ' ,

. JlHMfli81llqet;KHii yse.11-lymphono(lus (In.) -o6Jl:aCTHOH (perHOH&1lbHb1H) 'OpraH, Hs eaiioii peTHicyJIJJpHoii TKaH.1;1, pacnoJio:lll:eHHhlH no xo,ny JIHMcpa- · TH'lecKHX cocy.zi;oB, 8blHOCHIIlHX JIHMcpy HS ' onpe,n:e.neHHblX opraHOB HJIH. qacTeH Tena. JIHMcpaTHt1e,cl(He )'SJibi:. npu y11a<;THH pTHKYJI03H,n:QreJIHaJibHhlX H 6eJihlX KpOB,HHblX K.JieTOK" BblQOJIHSIIOT cpyH1CUHIO MexaHH'lecKHX H B TO :me peMH 6Ho­

J10rH'lecIQIX <t>HJibTpos. · B HHX sa,n:ep:>KHBaIOTCH nocTopt>HHHe sei.necTBa, nonas- ·

ume B JIHMcpy: qaCTHUbl yrn», 4JparMeHTbl KJieTOlC, MHKpoopraHHSMbl H' HX TOK­ CHH!>I; . pa3P4HO:>KalOTCH .iJHM<l>oUHTbl (KpOBOo(SpasoBaTeJibHaH cpyHKIUrn); OHH

BblDOJlifHIOT TalOKe salllHTHyio .d>YHKIJ.l: IO, BblpaoaThlBaH aHTHTeJia. . .

Tpa6eKyJI. OcTOB co,n.ep:>KHT, DOMHMO coe,n.HHHTeJibHOH 'TKaHH, 3JlaCTH'l KHe H rJia,n:KHe Mb1Wet1He 8MoKH1:1. Kpo.BeHOCHhle cocy,n:I:iI H HepBhl H,n:yT 8 napeexHMy

H B 3JleMeBThI OCTOBa. CbonJIHI<y.Jibt H «l>MJIHICYJISlpHble THJKH oopa30BaHbl yn- · JIOTHeHH<?H peTHKyJrnpaoii 'TKael.10. B ¢QJIJIHKyJiax eaxo,n.HTCH eenocTOHHHhle ueeTpbl paSMH:>KeHHSI .KJieTOK.· KpaeBOH 1 CHHyc pacp:pOCTPaHHeTCSI B KOpKOSOH 30He JIHMcpoysJia H OT,lJ.eJIJle'I' Kancyny OT cponJJHKyJIOB, KOHUeHTPHPYIOIUHXCH no i;iepHcpepHH ysna. Ueetp8Jlbm.a:e CHHyw eax:oJJ:B'!'CH MeJKJJ:Y ssaHMonepenJie­ '118.IOIUHMH . TPaOeKyJiaMH H 4>oJ1JIHKYJIS1pHbIMH TSlmaMH, oopasylOIUHMH M03-

roBylO soHy ysJia. CTeHJCH. ciieycoe BblcrJiaHbl 3HJJ:OTeJIHeM, nepe,xo,n:SIIUHM e SHJJ:OTeJIHH .TIHMcpaTH11EfKHX ·cocy.p.oB,BXO),lHIUHX H BblXOJJ:HIUHX H3 y3.na. .

. Beeb J1HMcpaTu 11ecKuii yse.n ·saoOJrneu JIHMcpouHTaMH, cpe,n:H Korophtx ecrpe­

qa10TCS1 H,APYrHe KJleTKH (JIHMcpo6JiaCThl, MaKpocparH H nJia3MaTH11ecKHe KJieTKH). 11Hor,n:a B •CHHycax DOSIBJIHe'rCB 6c.TibUIOe KOJIH'letTBO 3pHTPOHTOB H3 KpOBH.

384

Pl!c. 229. no,U:KoJKHble JIHM<j>aTnqeCKHe COCYJlb! H JIHM<i>aTHqecKHe f 3.R bl KOpOBbl'

1 .- I n. cervicale superficialis; 2 - fn. inguinales superficiales; 3 ....: In. fachiadicum;

' 4 - In. poplitei. . ·

C51111;HX cocy,llOB 60JihIIIe, tJeM Bh!HOCHlll;HX, HO IlOCJle,llHHe KpynHee. y CBlfHeH,

:irno(iqpOT, npHHOC5111l;He cocy,zu,i BXO,! J T qepea BOpOTa ysJia, a BOOSHIJ.He Bbl­ X0)1.5IT Ha acew nosepXHOCTH JIHMcpoyaJia. CoOTBe'f'CTBHHO H3MeHeHO H BHY 1pea- Hee CTpOeHHe: <PoJIJIHKYJI51pHa51 30Ha HaXO)lHTC51 B rieHTpe JIHM<PoySJia, a 'soHa

<l><>JIJIHKYJI51pHbIX T51:lKeH - Ha ero nepmpepHH.

Be.inPIJma JinM$an1tfCCKMX ysJIOB y pa31ibIX '.lKllBOIHDIX , KOJ1e6.71e-1t:H B mn- poKHX npe,n:e.nax (.u,HaMeTp OT 0,2 .n:o IO H ,n:a:iK:e 20 CM). foCJio ySJioB .u.oornraeT y co6aKH 60, y CBHHbH :_ 190, y poraToro CKOTa - 300 H y JIOWa)lH - 8.000.

HaH6oJiee KpynHbre yMbI y Kpynnoro pora101o CKOTa, HaH60Jiee Me.TJKHe

y Jiowa.n:H, y KoTopoli PHH 06paay10T o6h!tJHO naKeTh1 c tJHCJlOM yaJioB .u,o He- cKOJihKHX .zieC51TKOB. . •

. JlnM<PanrqecKJfe yaJ1hl 110 npo0cxmK.n:eemo CBOHX. ,:KopHeH» paa.u,eJI.SIIOTCH Ha BHyTpeHHOCTHhle (B), Mh!WetJHhie (M) H Kojf{Hh!e (K), a TaK:iK:e Ha Mh!IIIetrno­ BHyTpeHHOCTHhle (MB) H KO*HO-Mh!IUeqHhle (KM). BHyTpeHHOCTHbie JIHM<Parn- 4ecKRe y3Jlbl BbIHOCHT JIHMqJy H3 BHyTpeHHHX opraHOlil, Ha KOTOpbIX OHH H pac­ IlOJiaraIOTC51 (H.3 neqeHH, :iK:eJiy.n:Ka H T. ,n:.). MbrwetJHhle JIHM<PaTHtJecKH yaJibl

Jie:>KaT B onpe.n:e.neHHbIX HaH60Jiee noJIBIDKHhIX tiacrnx TeJial Ha rpail:Hn.e roJIOBhl H IIIeH, npH BXO.n:e B ·rpy.u,1o1y10 IlOJIOCTh, B 06JiaCTH cyc'raBOB: nJieqeJ3oro, JIOK're­

BOfO, KpeCTUOBOno.n:'B3,ll:OIIIHOfO,. Taao6e.u,peHHOro, KOJieHHOro, HO HeO,l{HHaKOBO

. y paaeh!X :iK:HBOTHhIX (pHc. 229). Ko:iK:Hh!e JIHM<PaTHtJecKHe aJihl HMeIOTCH TOJih- KO B o. JiaCTH KOJieHHOH CKJla)lKH, a B OCTaJibHhIX qaCT$IX TeJIB, BCTpetJalOTC51 KO:lK:HO-Mh!IIIelIHh!e HJIH KO)KHQMhlllletJHOBHYTPeHHOCTHbie (KMB) y3Jibl.'

ApTepHH JIHM<ParntJecKnx yaJIOB npoxo.n:HT tiepea soporn B -rpa6eKyJihl. KanHJIJI51pbI. ¢opMHpy10T aoKpyr <l><>JIJinKyJIOB · nepe¢oJIJ HKYJIHpHh!e CeTH. BeHh!·OObltJHO npoxo.l(HT B Tpa6eKyJiai OT.U.MhHO or apTepHH:. HepBbl JIHM¢arn- · tJecKHX yaJIOB npoHcxo.n:HT OT .CHMnaTHKyca. HHTepopen.enTOpbI HMeIOT BH.n: cso- 60.n:HhIX aepBHhIX OKOHtJaHHH H HHKancyJIHpOBaHHblX TeJieU THna <l>aTep - OatJHHH. AqxpepeHTHhle HepBHble BOJIOKHa npoHcxo,n:HT iia cnHHaJihHhIX raHr­ JIHeB.

14-341 ₃₈₅

JI HMcI>ATH"IECKH E Y3Jl bl f OJIOBbl

OKOJIOYIDHOA JJHMrt>ou.enTp - le. parotideum (KMB) - Jie:lKHT BeHT- paJibHO OT lJeJIIOCTHOrO cycTaBa, y l{ay.n:aJibHOrO Kpa51 tJIOCTH, no.n: OKOJioyrn­ HOH :iKe.neaou n npe.u,cTaBJieH J;IOBpxHoCTHbIMH n rny6oKHMH JIHM<PoyaJiaMn - In. parotidei superficiaies et profundi (pnc. 230).

Koplin: roJIOBa. OT'roK JinM<Pbl - B JiaTepaJihHble aarJIOTOtJHbie JIHM<PoyaJibl.

Oco6eHHocmu. Y co6aKn JIHMqJOU.eHTP .u,JIHHOH .u,o 2,5 CM, OTTOK JIHM<jlbI -

B Me.u,naJibHble aarJIOTOtJHbie JIHM<l>Oy3Jibl. y CBHHbll 2-3 yaJia )l,JIHHOH JJ:O 3- 6 CM. OTioK JIHM bl_,_ B nose XHOCTHble illeHHbie JIHM<POY3JibI. y KpynHoro

poraTOro CKOTa JIHMtPOI.J.eHTP .U,JIHHOH )1,0 CM. JI9rna.u,n JIHM o-

u.eHTPOB paaMepOM no 2--7 CM o6pa3yIOT naKeT. -

HHlKHeqeJD()CTHOA JIHM ou,eHT - - le. mandibuiare (KMB) - BKJI10t1a-

eT HH:lKHetJeJIIOCTHbie H .n:o6aBOtJHhie mrarnetJeJIIOCTHble (y CBHHbH JIHM oy3Jibl- In. mandibuiares et mandibulares accessorii, a y KpynHoro poraToro cKOTa -

Pnc. 230. JlnMcpaTn'lecKne Y3Jihl roJI013hl:

A - CBHH bH; E - KOpOBbl (noBepXHOCTHb!e); B - KOpO!lbl (rJiy6oKue); r - JIOUI3il.H:

1 -In. parotidei superficiales; 2 - In. retropharyngei lateralis; 3 -In. mandibul ares;

·4 - In. retropharyngei medialis; 5 -In. cervicales prof undi craniales; 6 - In. hyoideus

• caudalis; 7 - In: h yoideus rostralis; 8 -In. pterygoideus; 9 - In. cervicales superficia·

, !es dorsales.

386

H" KphIJIOBHJJ.Hhitt JIHMcpoy3eJI -In. pterygoideus, H3 ¹KOTOphlx nepBb1e JIaT B no.n:t1eJIIOCTHOM npocTpaHCTBe no.n: KOMeli, Kay.n:aJihHO OT cocy.l{HCTOH Bblpe3KH H Bnepe.n:n OT HHMHetJMIOCTHOH )KeJie3bI; BTOpb!e - Me.l{HaJibHO OT Kay.n:oBeHT­ paJibHOro yrJia OKOJIOYllIHOH MeJie3hl, Ha Kay.n:aJibHOM KOHlJ,e HH.iH:eetie.rJIOCl:HOA

)KeJie3bl, y MecTa ,n:eJieHHH HpeMHOH BeHbl (y B3pOCJihIX CBHHH HMeIOTCH He Bcer­

.n:a), a IlOCJie;U,HHH - no3a.l{H 6yrpa BepxHeH tleJIIOCTH JiaTepaJihHO Ha KpbIJIOBOH MblllilJ,e.

KopHtt: qKoJioyllIHaH o6JiaCTh H nep.e.n:HHH noJIOBHHa llieH. OrroK JIRMcpbl - H3 HHMHetieJIIOCTHhlX B 3ar.nOTOtJHbJe (y co6aKli li Kpyrrnoro poraTOFO CKO'Fa)

llJIH B rneHHble JlHMcpoy3Jibl (y. CBHHhH H Jioil!a.n:tt), a H3 KpbIJIOBH.l{HOl'O - B

HHMHetieJIIOCTHOH: JIHMcpaTtttiecKHH Y3eJI. .

Oco6ettttocmu Y co6aKH 2 ,5 y:;rno:a BefiwnrnoH: I 5,5 cM, JIC*aT 1cay,zr;o naTepaJihHO o:r yrnoaoro OYpOCTKa HH.lirneli qeJIIOCTH. y CBHHhH 3-5 JIHct>o­ Y3JIOB BeJIHtlHHOH .n:o 0,3-5,5 CM. y KpynHoro poraToro CKOTa JIHMcpoy3eJI

)l,UliHOii .n:o 3 5 CM ue:iKl4T noJJ, KO)KeH na HIUKH@tIMIOCTHOi'I:HfCJie3e. y JIOilla;!lH .

35-75 y3eJIKOB pa3MepoM no 0,2-3,5 CM. CTpaBhie H Jiem,1e naKeThI cnepe.n:H CJ1HB8IOTCH .n:pyr c .n:pyroM.

3arJ10To1.1H1>1ii JIHMciJou.effTP ln. retropharyngeum o6oe;u;:mrneT ee-

CKOJibKO rpynn: \

a) Me.n:uaJibffble aarJJOTOllHble JIHMcl>oy3Jibl - In: retropharyngei mediales

(MB) JIC)!C8T AOpcaJibHO OT JIOTKH JHl;ll;OM c O;!UIOHMeHHblMH JIHMcpoy:;maMH

.n:pyroM: CTOPOHhI. .

KpHn: roJioBa, rJI?TKa, nttmeao.n: H ropraHh. OrroK JIHMcphI - B rpaxe- aJibHhfH JIHM$8TM'IeCKMH Ilf'OTOK. .

Oco6ettttocmu. Y co6aKH y3eJI .llJIHHOtt .n:o 1,5-8 CM. Y CBHHhH OTCYTCTByer.

y KpynHoro poraroro CKOTa Y3eJI )l,JIHHOH .n:o 3-6 CM. y JIOIIl8)1,H 20-40 JIHM iparnqeCKJIX y:moB pa3MepOM no 0,3 4 CM o6paayIOT naKeT; OTTOK JIHM<tlbl

B rny60KHe KpaHHaJibHhie IIIeHHbie JIIiMcp8THtleCKHe y3JihI.

6) JlaTepa.JibHhle 3arnoTOl.IHble JIHMcl>oy3Jibl -ln. retropha,ryngei latera-

les (KM'.B) . JielKar . B o6JiaCTl'l KpbIJIOBOH HMKH aTJiaHTa, DO)\ OKOJIOYIIIHOH CJIIOHHOH )KeJie30tt, .

KopHtt: roJioBa. OrroK JIHMcphI pa3JIHtJeH.

Oco6eRRocmu. Y co6aKH y3eJI BCTpet1aeTCH B 30 % cJiyt1aea; OTTOK JIHMcphI

B Me.n;HaJihHhle 3arJIOTOtJHb1e JIHMcpaTtttieCKtte y3Jihl. Y CBHHhH y3JihI .n:JIHHOH

l-3 CM, OTTOK JlHMcpbl- B noaepXHOCTHbie llieHHble JIHMcpaTHliecKHe 3Jihl. Kpyneoro poraToro cKOTa y3eJI .llJIHHOH .n:o - , cM; KOPHH - noMHMO ro­ JIOBhI, nepe.n;mHi IlOJIOBHH8 llieH; ()TT0°K JIHMcpbI - B rpaxeaJihHbIH JIHMcpaTHtie­

CKHH npoToK. Y JIOIIIa.l{H 8.....,- 15 JIHMcpaTttt1ecKHX 3JIOB JJ.JIHHOH no 0,3-1 5 CM

0 pa3yI01' naKeT, Jie:arnllJ,HH Ha JiaTepaJibHOH noBepXHOCTH B03.ZJ;yXOH0CHoro MellIKa. Kopirn - noMHMO roJIOBhI, nepe.n;HH51 noJIOBttHa IIIen; OTTOK JIHMcphI -

B rJiy6oKne KpaHHaJihHhle llI·eH:Hhle JIHM aTtttiecKtt·e 3JihI. ·

a PocTp&ahHbl H nOJJ."MI3bll.IHhlii J1HMcl>aTn1.1ecKHii y3eJI -ln. hyoideus tos­

,tralis - Jie:lKHT JiaTepaJibHO Ha I'opTaHHOH BeTBH IlOJl,'h513bltJHOH KOCTH. 0TTOK

JIHMcphI B 3arJIOTOt1Hb1e JIHMcpaTHtJecKHe y3JihI.

r) KayJJ.a.JibHblii noJJ."MI3bll.lffblH. J1HMcl>aTn1.1ecKHH: Y3eJI -ln. hyoideus cau- · dalis - Jie:lKHT JiaTepaJihHO OT npOKCHMaJibHOro KOHU.a cpe1meH: BeTBH IlOJl,'b- 513bitIHOH KOCTH. 0TTOK JIHMcpbI B JiaTepa.nbHhie 3ar.uOTOYHbJe UliMcpaTH'leCKRe y3Jihl.

JIHM«l>ATHlfECKHE Y3Jlbl WEH

OoeepXHOCT,Hblii weiiHhlii' JIHMcl>ou,eHTP -le. cervicale superficiales (KM)­ pacnoJiaraeTCst anepe.n;H nJiet1eaoro cycTaBa no.n: nJietJeroJIOBHOH MhlllIIJ.eli. Y3Jihl MoryT 6hITh .n:op.caJibHhlMH, cpe.ll,HHMH, BeHTpaJibHhIMH H )l.OOaBOlJHhIMH -ln. cervicales. superficiales dorsales (KOllIKa, cBHHhH), medii (CBHHhH), ventrales (KOI11Ka, CBHHbH), accessorii (Bee' :lKHBOTHble).

KopHtt: 3a.l{HHH noJIOBHHa IIIeH, nepe.n;HHH noJIOBHHa rpy.n:HOH KJieTKH H

^14* 387

11acTHtJHo rpy.n;ea51 KOHetJHOCTh. Or.Toi\ JillMcphI- cnpaBa B TP<iXeaJihHhIH CTBOJI, I CJieBa - B. rpy,n;HOH npOTOK. .

Oco6en1tocmu. Y co6aKH 1-4 yaJia paaMepoM )l,O 7,5 CM. Y CBHHhH .n;se rpynnbl JIHMcpoyaJioB: ;ZJ;OpCaJihHa51 COCTOHT H3 I (2) y3JIOB paaMepoM )1,0 4,5 CM, Bef!TpaJibHa51 rpynna - H 3-5 y3JIOB BeJIHtJHHOH 0,5-3 CM, npoCTHpaeTCSI OT nJietJesoro cycTaBa .n;o oKoJioyurnou :iKeJie3bl s HpeMiIOM :iKMo6e. KpoMe Toro, l-3 yaJia pacnoJio:iKeHbl ea JiecTHHtJHOH Mhm1ue (cpe)l,H5151 rpynna). JJ.o­ no.nmneJibHbl.e ,Kopm1: JIHM$aTI1t1ec1rne ysJfhf roJIOBbI. OTToK JIMMcpDI na seH. TpaJibHOH rpynnhI B .n;opcaw!bHYIO, a Jl3 npc.ne,n:HeH "-;' B 'KpaHHaJibHyIO noJiyIO BeHy. }' KpynHoro poraToro cKoTa JIHMcpoyaeJI MHHOH )l,O 7-10 CM. Cro,n:a )Ke

ornocHTCH 5 10 .aopcaJibHhIX JIMMcpoya.noa, JieJKal1(11x snepe m JIOua'I'KH, mm

'I'paneuHeBH,ll;HOH M,bIII UeH. facTb noCJie)l,HHX HJIH see - reMOJIHMcpaTHtlecKHe.

y JIOIIIa)l,H 60-:-130 JIHM<jJaTHtJeCKHX yaeJIKOB pa3MepoM no 0,2-4 CM 06paay10T

• naKeT ;lJlIHHOH ;!l,O 15 30 CM 11 m11p1rnoii iro 1,5=4 CM. Kopm1:. rpy.ll.Ha51 KO- HeqHOCTh, MhlillUbl nJietJesoro. no51ca, JI1e51. 0TTOK JIHM¢hI - B Kay.n;aJibHble IIIeiiH.h!e Jili:McpaTtJecKHe yaJibI H .B npaBbIH JIHMcpaTHqecKiiii: ·CTBOJI. · ·

. · FJIY6mmit . m:iiHbtii JlnM<lroU.eR'l P le. cervicale profundum (MB) paa-

)l,eJI51C51 Ha nHTh rpynn: KpaHHaJibHaH rpynna yaJioB (Jie:iKHT Ha -rpaxee, K3a)l,H OT ropTaHH H rJIOtKn), cpe)l,H5151 (Ha Tpaxee), Kay)l,aJibHaH (snepe.n;H 1-ro pe6pa), no;!1,pOM6osnirablu' y3eJI In. subrhombo1deum (rny6oKo no)), poM60BH.ll,HOH

MhIIIIUeii y KpynHbIX :lKBatJHbIX) H pe6epHOIIIeHHhIH -In. cosiocervicaifs (Kpyn­ Hhie :iKsaqHble, oBua) .

. KopHH. rJIOTKa, roprnH:b, Tpaxe?., · nm.reso.n;, seHTpaJihHhle MbIIIlUhl rneH, qacTHlJHO nJieqesoro Il051Ca H rpy)l,HOH CTeHKH )1,0 8-ro pe6pa. 0TTOK JIHMcpbI-

B rpy.n;poii: npoTOK, B hpaBbIH JIHMcpaTHtiecKHH npoTOK HJIH B TpaxeaJibHbIH CTBOJI. ' ' ' I '

Oco6e1t1tdcmu. Y co6aK\f rny6oKHe IIIettHble JIHM<jJaTH:qecKHe yaJihI Heno­ CTOHHHhI, qatTO oqeeh MaJieHbKHe. y CBHHbH noct051HHbI Ka )l,aJihHbie B KOJIH- tJeCTBe - , Mettee nocTOHHHhI KpaHHaJihHhie H cpe)l,Hne. Y KpynHqro poraroro

CKOTa B Kp,aHHaJIHOH 'rpynne 4-6 y3JIOB, B cpe)l,HeH - 1-7 (paaMepoM )1,0 0,5-:-3 cM) n B Kay,naJThHOH ....:..... 2-4 y:M a. 0oCJie)l,H5151 rpyrma pacnoJiaraeTCH npH BXO',n;e B rpy.ll.HYIO "IIOJIOCTb: Pe6epHOI11eHHblH JIHM<jJaTHqecKHH yaeJI (MB)

)l;JIHHOH .n;o 1,5-3 .CM Jie:lKHT Bnepe)l,H H Me,n:HaJihHO OT 1-ro pe6pa, c60Ky OT nHrn;eBO)l,'8 H Tp'axeH. y JIOIIIa)l,H KpaHHaJibHa51 rpynna COCTOHT H3 30-40 ya.1108 paaMepOM .n;d 0,4-2,5 CM.. Cpe)l,H5151 rpynna HenocroHHHa51, ttJIH BKJI10qaeT O)l,H­ HOtJHble yaeJIKH, .HJIH B HeKOTOpbIX CJiyllaHX 06pa3yeT- uenoqKy ll3 15-30'yaeJI­ KOB )l,JIHHOH no 0,2-3,5 cM. KaynaJihHaH rpynna cOCTOHT ua 20-30 yae.nKOB paaMepoM no 0,2'--4,5 CM. ' · ·

JI HMct>ATH LI ECKH:E ¥3.fl bl FP Y;IJ;llOfl KOll E'iH O CTH

Do.n:MhlWeLIHhlH . JIHMcl>ou.eHTP - k. axillare (KM) - BKJI10qaer JIHMcfx>­ y3JibI: co6crneaeo no11Mb!Irreytthle, no.n;Mblwern:we 1-ro pe6pa, ){06aBO'.lllhiii IlO)l,MbIIIIetJHblH,' rpy.n;Hh!e, IlO)l,JIOni:l.TOqHb!e,' JIOKTeBble. ' ' '

1. CoocTBeHHo no.11.MhlWeL1Hhle\J1HMcl>oy3Jibl - In. axillares proprii (KM) - Jie:iKaT KaynaubHO OT m1e11eBoro cycTaBa Ha ·Me}l,naJihHoi'1 nosepxnocrn 6oJib- IIJOH Kpyrnoii: MhilllUhl (pHc: 2Jl).

KopHn: rpy.n;HaH KOHeqHOCT!>· 0TTOK JIHMcphr pa3JIHtJeH.

Oco6eH HOCmll y co6aKH JIHMcpoyaM }l,JIHIIOi'I)1,0 5 . CM; O'f'f'OK JI MM<tJbI CJie-

Ba B rpy,n:HOH npOTOK, cnpaBa - B TpaxeaJibHbIH. y CBllHbH IlO)l,Mb!III'eqHblH JIHM­ cpoyaeJI otcyTcTByeT, a JIHMa.oTTeKaeT B rJiy6oKu:e rneiiHble Kay.n;aJihHbie JIHM¢o- • Y3Jihl HJIH B noaepxHOCTHhIH IIIeiiHh!H JIHMcpoyaeJI. Y Kpyirnoro poraroro cKoTa JIHMcpoyaeJI BeJI'HqHffOH .n;b 1,5-3,5 CM, OTTOK JIHMcpbI- B nohIIIIeqHbIH JIHMcpoyaeJI 1-ro pe6pa. ' y JIOilia,ll;H 12'--30 JIHMcpoy3JIOB pa3M€pOM no. 0,2-3 M

06paay10T naKeT )l;JIHH.OH )1,0 4...:_7 CM H urnpHHOH .n;o 3-4: CM. 0ITOK JIHMcpb! -

B rny6oKHe IIIeHHbie Kay)l,aJibHble JIHM¢oy3JibI. .

6) DoJJ.MblWellil:hlii JIHMcJ>oy3eJ1 1-ro peopa -In. axillaris primae costae

(M) - Jie:iKHT Me)l,HaJihHo or IiJiet.JeBoro cycrasa B nJIOKocrn 1-ro pe6pa. 388

JihHbie MbIIIIUhI IIIeH, MbIIUUhl m11etJesoro Il'oHca, rpy.u,HaH

KO:IelJHOCTb. 0TTOK JIHM4»» - B TpaxeaJJbHbIH HJIH.rpy..U.HOH npOTOK l_:IJIH B rny­

. 6oKHe IIIei'iHhie Kay.u,aJibHbie JIHMcpoyaJibI.

Oco6eRROCmu. '$ {'.06aKH OTCyTcTByeT. y CBHHbH 1 (2) JIHMcpoyae.n BOOHlJH­ HOH o 2-3,5 CM Jie:lKHT y MecTa coe,.U,HHeHH51 1-ro pe6pa c rpy.u,HHOH. y Kpyn- HOI'O poraToro CKOTa 2-3 JIHM 0 3Jia , aaMe OM 1-

M oy3JlbI TpYJJ.HOOT)l,eJIHW>! OT rny6oKHX meii:HbIX Kay.u,aJibHbIX Y3JIOB. ,.

B) ,l),ooae<>4Hb1H UOhlWeLIHblH JIHM o

- HHor.n:a BCTpet.JaeTC51 y co6aKH Ha.u, JIOKTeBbIM 6yrpoM Me:lK.U.Y lllHpOI.Jaii:-: IIIeii: MbIIIIUeii: CilHHbI H rny60KOH rpy.n:eoii: MbIIIIIIeH B IlJIOCKOCTH 34:-ro pe6pa• . 0TTOK JIHMcpbI - B IlO)l,MbIIIIelJHhie J1 M

r OKTeiihle JJHM<l>aTHLlecku .e Y3JJbl -In. cubitaies (KM) - BCTpeqaIOTCH

y JIOUJa.U,H B KOJIHlJecTBe 5-30,y OBUhl 2.:_3 yae.n:KOB BeJIHtlHHOH no 0,3-2,5 CM;

oppaayIOT naKeT ..U.JIHHOH 0 4-5 u ' u

JIH3 JIOKTeBoro cycTaBa Me:lK)l,y .u,ByrJiaI!OH MbilllUeH irJielJa H Me.n:HaJibHOH ro­

JIOBKOH TpexrJiaBoii: MhllllUhl rtJietJa. OTToK JIH:McpbI - B no.l{MbIUietJHble JIHMcpo-·

yaJibI. . ..

.u.) fpyJJ.Hhle JJHMl)>oy3Jihl -In. pectorales.

5. Do.11.JionaroL11ibie JIHMl)>oy3J1bl -In. subscapulares.

:lK) 3aocTHhlH JJHMl)>oy3eJJ - In, infraspinatus - HMeetcH y Kpyntthrx :iK:aatJ- ¹

Hb!X, pacnoJiarae1'C51 y Kay.n:aJibHOro .Kpa51 3aOCTHOH MbIIIIUbI: ,

KopHH nocJie.n:HHX Tpex rpynn yaJioB: rpy,nHhie MhIIIIUhI, no.n:JionaTOI.JHOe npocTpaHCTBO, Ha)l,JIOilaTOI.JHa51 H .3aJionaTOt£Ha51 o6JiaCTH.

0TTOK: IlO)l,MbIIIIelJHble, rJiy60KHe llleHHble Kay,u.aJibHhie JI·HMcpar!NecKHe yaJihI HJIH Henocpe.u,cTBettHo B.npy.u,ttoi'i npoTok.

389

JIHMcI>ATHlfECKHE Y3JI bl fPY,!J.HOA CTEHKH

. • H OPfAHOB fPY,!J.HOA noJIOCTH

)1.opcaJibHblu rpy.11.eou JJHMcJ>ou.eeTp - le. thoracicum dorsale.

1. Macpe6epHhle JIHMcJ>OY3Jibl -In. intercostales - J1e2Kl:i.T B MeJKpe6ep­ HbIX npocrpaHCTBax 6JIHq pe6epHbIX rOJIOBOK, IIO.l{.. cpacumfl H nJieBpOH (pnc. 232 6). : . .

Kopm1: KOCTH H Mh IlIUbICIIHHhl H llieH, nJieBpa, .n;Hli.<PparMa. 0TTOK JIHM- .

<Phi - B cpe.n;ocTeHeble JIHM<PanrCJecKHe y3Jihl H B rpy.n;eou nporoK.

Oco6eHHocmu. Y co6aKn BCTpe1Jaro1c>I pe;:i;Ko (a 25 %) y 5 ro HJUI6 ro pe6 pa, pa3MepoM no 0,2-0,7·CM. y CBHHbH OTCYTCTBYIOT. y Kpyneoro poraToro CKOTa JIHM<POY3Jibl He60JiblllHe, ,ll.O 0,3-1,5 CM J(JIHHOH. y JIOilla,ll.H HX BeJIH-

!JHHa J(O 0,3-0,6 CM. . . .

6) AopTaJibHble rpyJJ.Hble JIHMcJ>oyaJibl - lri. thoracici aortici - Jie)KaT Me)K

.ny aoprou H n03BOHKaMH, npm{pb!Tble nJieBpou; Tpy.nHOOTJ(eJIHMbl OT Mem:pe- 6epHb X H cpe.nocTeHi bIX JIHM<fJOY3JIOB.

KopeH: .nopcaJihHhie MhIIlIUhI cnHHhI, no3BOHKH, QJieBpa, aopTa, net1eeh.

OTToK JIHM<PhI - H3 Kay.naJihHhIX JIHM<PoysJioB B KpaeHaJihHbie, H3 noCJie.n.- HHX B rpy.neoil· npoTOK. .

Oco6eHHocmu. Y co6aK oTCyTcTByIOT. Y cBHHhH 2-10 eenapebIX "JIHM<Po­

ysJioB BeJilf!JHHOH no 0,5-1,5 CM. Y Kpyneoro poraToro CKOTa JIHM:<Poy3Jihl

pa3Mep0M no 0,8 2,5 CM, y JIOIIIa.l(H no 3 IO MM.

Cpe.n:ocTeHHblH JIHM«il>oU.eKTp - le. mediastirtale. •

a aHHa.JlbHhie c e.11.ocTeHHble JIHMcJ>oy3Jibl - ln. mediastinales crania-

\es - Jie)KaT B npeKap.n;HaJibHOM cpe.nocreHHH .nopcaJibHO H BeHTPaJibHO OT a­

xeH.

Kopee: MhIIIIIIbInJtetJeBoro noHca, rpyneh!e cTetmH, IlleH, TPaxeH, nJieBpa,

PHc. 232. JlHM<t>aTil'leCKHe ysJibl rpy,nHoii nonocw Koposbl:

1 - In. mediastinales craniales; 2 -·In. costocervi,calis; 3 ·- ductus thoracicus; 4 -