- •Dohthe 06 ahatomhh, ee 3hAqEhhe h mecto b pSl.Ll.Y ceJibCkox03si actbehHblX h 6hojiofh11eckhx llAyk
- •061Uasi qAcTb
- •Kpatkasi hctophsi ahatomhh
- •06Iqhe nPhhuHilbl nOctpoehhsi tejia )l(hbotHblX
- •CtpyktypHblE 3jiemehTbl 0PfAhh3ma
- •Aacc'h b ll asi lf acTb a h ha pata JlB h)l(e h hsi
- •1(:01Eqec1ao koCl'eii e icJte noMaweex lKhboiHhlX
- •1949) Bo.Hbwu:e cpu3u:yecKue .TrarpyaKh Bbrnep)khBaJot kocth roJieHh, Iipell
- •Ilpeo6paaoBaHHe nepenouqaroro cKeJieTa b xpS1llI.EBoh (xpS1m.Eable pblobl); a
- •OcebOfl ckejiet
- •06Ll(aSi xapaKTepHcth,Ka k()cTeii cKeJieTa weH,
- •1YJj0Bull(a n xsocTa
- •CpaBhhTe.JihHaH aHaTomhh h paaBhtHe cKe.JieTa ronoabl
- •Akthbhasi lJacTb au flApata ll bh)kehh,si
- •061Uasi mhojiOf hsi ,
- •8.·CoothowchHe m8cCbl MblWu b tc.Ile jioWaJlH (no p. LliMaJibUy) .
- •4ACth TeJia Macca Macca cKeJieTa Oreowi!hHe m&ccli mliWil· MhlI11
- •Mbl wua kak oPrAh
- •0KpacKa MbttHh; ho;ltBepm:eHa 3Ha•m1eJibHb m aapHaUhhm ot cBe1'JlbIx tohob
- •NoKo)l(HblE MblWUbl - muscul I cuta nei
- •M usculi cervicis tr u nci et ca u dae
- •MbIwu.Bl do,ll,'bSl3bl'ihoh kocth
- •Mbllllllbl kohElJhoctea
- •IlHcThH·
- •Infr€lpatellaris distalis. · . ·
- •UHcppaeYe Jr;aHhYe, xapaKiepHsytouore k01ky lKhbothyx
- •Dpoh380_nHblE ko)l(hOfO ookpoba
- •061.Uhe 3akohomephocth ctpo-ehhsi
- •Pa3bhthe aooapata ohlqebapehhsi
- •Ot,l(eJlbl h oPrAHbl addapata: oHll{ebapehhsi
- •IV denies premolares, piv den tes sec-
- •9M8jjh; 1 -,l{eHthh·; 8 -uei!eHt; 9 - sy6h8ll DqJiocTbj 9' -'- sy6Hall sBeS,l{a; 10 -sy6.
- •3Actehh blE )l(lJi e3bl
- •Tojicta.Sl khw ka - .IntEsTtNum crassum·
- •Hoc h IfOcobasi dojjocTb.
- •FOptaHb
- •'Ipaxesi
- •MOq e.NOjiobo a An nApat apparatus u rog en italis oPfAHbI mOq eotaEnEhh
- •Vas afferens; 24 ,- vas eff erens; 25 - rete capillaris. , ,
- •MOll etOll h h k
- •MOll eboa Il y3blPb
- •OPfAHbl pa3mho)l(ehhsi
- •Organ a genitalia masculina
- •OPf ah bl pa3mho)l(eh hsi camOl(
- •1UeHhh: ·
- •3Al(ohomephocth xo,ll.A h betbji eh h.Sl cocy)lOb
- •DneqeronoeaoA ctboji
- •06Aff eottaff apTep1rn a. Carotis .Commun.Is (pMc. 205, 206----18)
- •Ilo.11.Kj1io'ih•rnasr ap,Tepasr
- •FpyJj.HaH · aopTa
- •11:11111E•eoi cTeBjc•:
- •0C'fCho'fHBll 8j)tcj)Hll h llCen'fHwh npoToi; 19 - fl)'lWphwh npoToi; 20 - Jk'.Cll'fHwh ny1wpi.;
- •5P10wHaR. AopTa aorta abdomiµalis jibJrnerrn npO'Aoon1Kelim™ 1py-;n,-
- •Beh03HblE cocyJlbl
- •Systema limp haticum'
- •I n. Cervicaies prof undi caudalis; 5 -'" ln. Sternales craniales; 6 - In. Intercostales; 7 -
- •OPfA hw kp08006pa30ba8u
- •061LUie nPuhujiIlbl IlOctpoehusi hepbhoo · chcteMbl
- •CnuHhoa m03r
- •16. Macca rOjjobhOrO m03ra h ee othoWeHHe k Macce TeJJa h Macce crhhhOtO m03ra
- •Cpe,llHha m03f
- •IrneT, chh'l'e3HpyeT .NelicT,bHe BblJ(eJieHHhlX aHaJih30m b036yJk,l{eHhh b paalioo6-
- •00.SlCh h lli,blE hepBbl
- •XboctoBblE h epBbl
- •1 , IlOJl'bH3y'ihYii aepe - n. Hypoglossus - .NsHraTe.RrbHhIh Heps .N:mi meiIlln:
- •BEf etath b ha}I, hji h abto homha}I,
- •X n. Vagus.
- •IlApachMilAtHqEckasi qAcTb bErEtathbhOrO ot)j.Ejia
- •Oro'ana sensuum
- •3PhteJlbHbIa ahajih3atop
- •3 _. PeChHqHall kOpoHa peChHqHoro TeJia; 4 - 6eJioqHall o6oJiotjKa; 5 -
- •Dpobo,zuiwhe dyth, doakopkoBblE h kopkoBbl e l(ehtPbl
- •Ctatoa kyctHq ec kha a har h3atop
- •Ctpoehhe opejuj,bephoyjihtkobOro oPrAha
- •L:j;ehtPbl ctatoakyctHtt eckOro h becth6yjisi phOrd ahajih3atopob
- •Ckejiet
- •Ah hapat }(bl xahh:si
- •OPf aHbl ll ybctb
- •IlOtoBble 188
- •Il03boho'iHblH 40
- •XbocTa 45, 50
- •0HtOreHe3 4
- •IlHpaMh,llallbHblit 440
- •III.EThHa 191
- •IlleTkh 191
- •Vestibuli 67
- •Vitae 423
- •1Schiad1cus 93
- •Intercarpea 112
- •Intertarsea 115
- •Intermc1s1vus 75
- •Vertebrae 42
- •Intestinales 25
- •Iris 488
- •Vestibuli 502
- •Vaginae 309
- •ApIatomhsi .Zl.Omawh hx )kh both blX
- •XyJlOjkhhk m. 3. Ill11oc6epe
- •XyJlOjKeCtBeaa1i1li pe,llaKTop h. A. HutcoHosa
'Ipaxesi
Tpaxesi:, HJIH JJ;h XaTeJihHOe ropJIO,·- trachea .._ CJIY)KHT ;!l.JISI npose.n:eHmr sos.nyxa s JierKHe M oopalrHo; 3TO TpyoKa, B cTeHKax KOTbpoii 3aJ1o:>KeH xpsi:Ule- BOH OCTOB B BHJJ;e He3aMKHYTbIX KOJleU. H3 rHaJIHHOBOl'O xpsi:Ula, Il03TOM)' npocseT
TpaxeH sHHeT. Tpaxe51 npocTHpae'TCH OT ropTaHH qepe3 scio we10 B rpy.nHy10 IlOJIOCTb, r;ZJ.e HM OCHOBaHHeM cep.nua .lleJIHTCSI Ha JI.Ba OCHOBH.bIX 6pomra. MecTO
.n;eJieHHH il:a3blsaeTCH 6u<fJypKat.fuetl mpaxea - bifurcatio tracheae. )lJIHHa Tpa
XeH 3aBHCHT OT .llJIHHbI' weH, a OTCIO.lla pa3.11HllHO H 'IHCJIO KC>Jieu, o6pa3YIOIIlHX ee OCToB, -·OT 32 (y CBHJlbH) ;!l.O ' 60 (y JIOrua.n.H). f '
·Tpaxetlflbie xpaw,u - cartilago trachealis -coeJJ;HHHff)Td JJ.pyr o .npyroM
KOAbt{eBUOHWMU CBR3KaMU -·Iigg. anufaria, a CBOHMH CBOW.lf.HhIMH KOHU3MH BXOJJ;SIT COCTaBHOH qacTbIO B .nopcaJibHYIO nepenOH'l8TyIO 'n@BepXHOCTb - fades membranaceus. ilOCJie.llHSISI o6pa30j3aHa K()JlbUeBH)UibIMH CBSISKaMH, CKpenJISIIO·
lllHMH KOHUbl TpaxeuHhIX xpsi:Uleii, H tpaxeHHblM H M:hlwUaMH _;_ mm: tracheales, •
3aJie_raIOIJ.\HMH B 4opca.ribHOH CTeHKe TpaxeH µo.n:. ee JIH3HCTOH OOOJI011K6H..0Ha MO:>KeT aKTHBHO cymHBaTb npOCBeT TpaxeH. (y 'leJIOBeKa IlO'ITH Ha 1/J (pnc. 160).
.
' '
Pnc. 160. Tpaxes:' . .
A - cotiaKn; B - CBHH&H;. B - 0811&1; fi' .-... KO\)OB&1; P. - nomH; 1 - mm. tracll. ate8:
2 -.tunica adventitia, ' s. serosa; a· :- cartilagmes tracheales; ,4 - tunica atucosa; 5 ...:.
-
lig. antilaris (trachealia); 6 - licae longitudinalae; 1 -gl. tracbe'ales.
CnH3HcTasi: oooJiotIKa, Bh1cmJia10w.ajl' Tpaxe10 H3HyTpH, noKphITa MepuaTeJib HhIM 9nHTeJIHeM M co,nepmMT mpaief1Hble rJ1CeAesbt - gll. tracheales - cepo3Hhie,. CJIM3llCThle H CMelliaHHhle. . ilO,nCJIH3HCThIH CJIOH HMeeTCSI MeJK.ny xpsi:III,aMH H B ,nopcaJibHoii cTeHKe Tpaxea, rile CJIHSHCTasi: o6oJioqka 6oJiee no,nBH:>KHa H co6paHa B npOAOJibHhle CKJia,nKH. .
Tpaxe51 npHJie:>KHT BeHTpaJihHo K .DlfHHHhIM Mi>1muaM roJIOBhIH rneH, a 1aK
:>Ke K IlHIII,eBo,ny; caMa owa npHKpl>ITa BeHTpaJibHO rpy,nHHHOrD.OOBHOH,' . rpy,nHH HOIIJ;HTOBH;ll;HOM H rpyAHHHoni:>At>Sl3IiNHOH MlilIII!WMH. B rpyAHOR nOJIOCTH 1pa-
xesi: pacnOJiaraeTcsi: .nopcaJibHo OT cep.nua H cHapy:>KH noKpbITa cepoaHoli o6o- JIO'IKOH (cpe,noCTeHHhIMH.JIHCTKaMH nJieBphl). .
IIe p B bl 1paxeH n. vagus.
C o c y JI hi TpaxeH ...,.. BeTBH a. cai:;otis communis,- a. bronchoesophageus. Oco6ennocmu. Y co6aKH TPaxesi: IlHJIHH,np0qecKaS1; xpHw.eii B .Heli 42-46. BmpypKal.(HH HaXO)(HTCH B ilJIOCK9CTH 4-ro pe6pa. Kom:.thl xpHeH conpHKaca IOTCH ,npyr c ,npyroM; TpaxeaJibHhle MhIIIIUhl ·npoxo,nsi:T ,nopcaJibHO OT xpsi:w.eli.
-
y . CBHHbH TpaxeSI UHJIHH,np011ecKasi:; xpsi:w.eii 32-36; 9mpypKaUHSI Jie-
2KHT B IIJJOCKOCTH 4=5-ro pe6pa. ;ll:o 6mjlypKaUHH OT TpaxeH OT,neJisi:eTCSI mpa· xet1HbtU 6poAx -bronchus tracheatis -JJ.J.JH npasoii sepxyrnetIHoli.llOJIH JierKoro. KoHllhl xpsi:w.eii 3axo,nsi:T o,nmi Ha ,npyroii. (
porari>ro CKOTa Tpaxesi: c:>KaTa c OOKOB, ,nopcaJibHhIH Kpaii ee saocTpeH;
,nHaMeTp paseH 4,5-4 ·cM. Xpsi:w.eii 46-50. BmpypKaUHH Jie:>KHT B nnocKOCTH 5-ro pe6pa: Jlo 6mpypKaUHH OT TpaxeH OTXO.llHT TpaxeliHhIH 6pOHX JJ.J.ISI npasoli sepxyweqHoH ,noJIH JierKoro.
Y ·Jiowa,nH Tpaxesi: B nonepetIHOM ce11eHHH nonepeqHOOBaJibHasi:, c ,nHaeT-
poM 4-7 CM; Xp,RIII,eBbix KOJieU OT 48 'AO 60. BH KaUHSI T axeH HaXOJlHTCSI B
nJIOCKOCTH ro pe6pa. KoHUhl · xpsi:i:ueii 1;1aJio:>KeHhl ,npyr Ha ·upyra_.
JIEfKHE
JlerKHe - pulmones - OCHOBHhle opranhl mxanmr, TaK KaK HMeHHO a HHX
npOHCXOJlHT ra3oo6MeH Me:>KAY BHeI1IHeii cpeJIOH H KpOBhIO. 0HH COCTOSIT H3 .Ilhl- XaTeJibHhIX nyTe:ii H KpoBeHOCH'DIX. cocyuoB H xapaKTepH3YIOTCSI aJibBOOJIS1pHO Tpy6qaThIM CTpoeHHeM. 0cHOBHaH Tpy6Ka - 6poHX, MHOroKpaTHO BeTBSICb,
PHc.. 161. JlerKHe. ,
A - co6aKH; (CJieaa) H B - co6aKH ('Cn paaa); B - KqpoBhl (a - cnpaaa, B - cneaa);
r - cBHH bH; 1 - trachea; 2 - lobus cranialis (pars cranialis); 2' - incisura cardiaca pulmonis; 8 -lobus cranialis (pars caudalis); 8' -fissura interlobatis caudalis; 8" - lobus medius (dexter); 4 - lobus caudalis; 5 - margo dorsalis (obtusus); 6 - margo ventralis; .61 - margo basalis; 7 -fades diaphragmatica; 8 -lobus accessorius (dexter).
274
,llOCTHraeT paaMepos MeJihqafmrnx 6poHxos, aaKaHqnsa10mnxcsi: 'pacrunpeHneM - MeJibqaHUlHM nyahlpbKOM, IIJIH aJ/.b{Jf!OAOU. CTocJie,llHlle o6paayIOT riapeHXHMi' JierKoro, CHaO}KeHHYIO rpoMa,llHh M KOJIHqeCTBOM KpOBeHOCHbIX cocy,llOB, onJie TaIOIIlHX rycTOH KanHJIJIHpHOH ceThIO Ka}KJlyIO aJibBeOJIY. Bee OIJOHXH H aJibB OJibl coe,llHHHTeJihHOH TKaHbIO OtThe,llHHHlOTCH B rmpHbIH KOMnaKTHhIH opraH - npaeoe u .neeoe AeeKoe - pulmo dexter et sinister (pHc. 161). Dpasae JierKoe o6hlqHo OOJihllle Jieeoro, TaK KaK: opraH pacnoJiarae'Tcsi: cnpaea H cJiesa OT cep.ll ua, a cep,llUe cMeIUeHo BJieso. JlerKHe · paaMemaioTcsi: s rpy,llHOli. noJIOcTH (cM. pn:c. 148, 149), BCJieACTBHe <rero opran l).aK tt.eJioe HMee1 cpopMy y.ce'lemioro KOHyca c BOrHyThIM (cooTBeTCTBeHHO KynoJiy ,llHalfJparMhl) H KOCO nOCTaBJieHHbIM ocftoeaflUe.M - basis pulmonis - H npoTHsonoJI0>1qmli eMy Bepxyuuwu - apex pul monis B o6Jiaern nepBhiX pe6ep. Coorne1c rneHHu cpopMe rpy.llHOH KJieTKH y .n:aHHoro BH,lla }KHBOTHoro JierKHe TO 6oJJee, TO MeHee C,llaB.iieHhIc 6oKoB (KoJI- JiaTepaJihHo). · '
H 1ca;n;1tOM .nerKoM pa3'7rn:qaror. BhiuyKJIYI<> JiaTepaJ1hHy10, HJIH pe6epHy10, . nosepxHOCTh - facies costalis, npHJie}Ka11J,yi0 K peopaM, BorHyTyIO .n:Ha<t>par
MaJihHYIO - facies diaphragmatica, npHJieilCa11J,y10 K .llHa¢lparMe, H Me.n:HaJih· uyiO - faeies medialis,. npnnelKam;yI<> 1t cpenocTeHHIO. Ha Heif BhI1leJIHIOT cJie-
.llYIOIIlHe qaTH: noasoHoqHyJO -;- pars vertebralis, cpe.n:oc'reHHYJO - pars me
diastinalis, cepJieqHoe B,llaBJieHHe -impressio cardiaca, aopTaJihHoe BJJ:aBJie- HMe impressio am tica, rmIUeBO){IIOe B,llaBJieHHe 1mpress10 esophagea
H }KeJIOO aa.n:Heli .noJioii eeHhl - sulcus cavae · caudalis. ' ,
JJ.opcMbHbtt1, mynot1 Kpat1 llieK020 - margo dorsalis, s obtusu - 06- pa30BaH pe6epHOH H cpenocTeHHOH. nosepXHOCTHMH H npHJie}KHT K n03BOHKaM H n03BOHOqHbIM KOHIJ,aM pe6ep. CTpoTHBOnOJIO}KHbIH, OCmPbtU Kpau - 1!1argo
acutus - BeHTPaJibHO o6pa3oBa pe6epHOH H cpe.n:ocTeHHOH nose XHOCTHMH
- e p 0 H ,llHa parMeHHOH nosepXHOCTHMH, \ITO IlQ3BOJIHeT eto no,llpaa,lleJIHTh Ha margo ventralis et margo basalis.
B Ka}l{JloM JierKOM paa.zmqaJOT KpaHUaJ/.bHYIO u Ka OMbfl 10. OoAU -l obu
·a is e cau aIS, pa3,lleJieHHhle Kay,llaJibHOH Me:>K.ztOJibKOBOH llleJihIO - fissura· interlobularis ·caudalis. KpaHHaJibHasi: nom:1 (2) y scex :>KHBOTHhIX, aa
HCKJIIOqeHHeM JIOUJa,llH, KpaHHaJibHOH Me}Kl{O;IeBOll Bhlpe3KOH nonpaane.rrneTCB Ha Kpatt;HaJihHYIO H Kay.naJihHYIQ qacm pars cranialis (2) et pars caudalis
(3). B npasoM JierKoM Bhl,lleJIHIOT cpeiJft1010 (3") H iJo6aeottHy10 (8) iJoAU - lobus medius et accessorius. CreneHh Bbl a>KeHHOCTH .n;oJieli JIH I{a:>K
BOTHhIX y.lleT ornuqaThCH CBOHMH xapaKrepHhIMH -6co6eHHocrnMn. Ha cpe.no cTeHHOH nosepxiiociH Haxo.ir.si:Tcsi:: cep,lleqHhle .BhlpeaKn npasoro H Jiesoro Jier-
. Koro
-
i
ncisura
cardiaca ul
monis
dextri
.et
sinistri
.:....:
H ·
1 us pu moms, qepea KOTophle 8 opraH sxo.nsi:T eMBHbtt1 6ponx - bronchus principalis, AeeO'tflaJl apmepu!l - a. pulmonalis .(JiaTepOBeHTpaJibHO OT opOHXa) H BhIXO,llHT Aeeottl-lbte Bel-lbt - vv. ulmonales BeHT JI . .
. ce BMecTe OHH 06pa3y10T KOpenb A&KOeo - radix pulmonis. C nosepxHOCTH JierKHe noKphl'rhl AeeottHot1 nAeepot1 - pleura pulmonalis, nepexo.llsi:lli.efi Ha JierKHe co cpe.nocTeHHH (CM.. pHc. 112).
0cHOBHOH, HJIH rJiaBij:hIH, 6poHX B K3}1{JlOM JierKOM, B TOJllile ero Tynoro K'pasi:, HanpaMHeTCH KaynaJihHO · (pHc. 162). OH paaBeTBJIHeTcH Ha 6oJiee. MeJI· KHe 6pOHXH,. cpopMHpysi: B lleJIOM 6poH.XUO.O.bHDe iJepeoo arbor bmncoialis. HaH6oJiee kpynHhle BeTBH ocHOBHoro opOHXa OTl{eJIHIOTCH no OAHOH B Kpa HHaJihHyIO, cpe,llHIOIO n itot5aeoqHy10 JJ.OJIH' (a apasoM JierKoM) H no HecKOJihKY MeTaMepHbIX 6pOHXOB (4 zmpca.UbHbJX. H 4 BeHTJ>a llbHbIX) B KaYMJILHYIO ;ltOJUO
·JierKoro. Ha1:16oJiee MeJIKHe BHyTpH,llOJlbKOBble opOHXH, HJIH 6poH.xuoAbl - bronchioli, .llllflMeTpOM OKOJIO 1 MM, BCTynaIOT B AeeOttl-lbte OOAbKU - lobuli · pulmonis (pH. 163) H, pa3BeTBJifHICh B HHX, o6paay10T aJ/.b8eOA11,PHOe iJepeeo -
arbor alveolaris, B :KOTOpoM: H ripOHCXO,llHT ra3000MeH. B. ,llOJlhKe 6pOHXHOJihl
,neJIHTCH Ha ·20:-;30 Kopo'i'KHX WLb8eOA!lpHbtX xoiJoo. - ductyli alveolares, aa
KaHtllisaio11J,iixcsi: Mb6eOARpl-lbtMu MeurottKaMU - sacculi alv-eolaris, CTeHKH, KOTOpbIX ..06paay10'r MHO:>KecTBO KOHeqHbIX JieroiiHhIX nyahlp,bKQB - aAblJeOll - alveoli pulmonis -,llHaMeTpoM OT 0,1 11.0 0,14 MM. ·
275
9
Pnc. 162. bpoaxnaJI&Hoe )tepeeo (en.u. c .u.opca.JI&Hou noJ.1E!pxHoci'n).
A - coOaKn; B -canli&n; B - Kopoa1i1; r -JIOUia.u.n; 1 - trachea; 2 -lobus cran.i alis (pars ·cra_nfa!is}; 3 - lob U Ci al1ialis (pars CaUd,alis); 4 - iobUS ca{lda!is; 5 - lob U S
aeeessorius; 6 . 8if ureatio tracheae; 7 bronch us trachealis:; 8 bronch us prihci palis
{dextef et sinister); 9 - bronchi lo.bares e!segmental es; JO -lymphonoduli bronchales.
Pnc. 163. Cxeua cTpoeHHSI nerotiHblX .U.o.JieK (o.u.H"a ,Zl.OJI&Ka BCKpblTa):
. 1 -a. pulmonalis (r; lobularis); 2 -.ramt brons:hales segmentori.um; 3 :- ll n. bro_nch - ,
les; 4 - a. bronchahs; 5 -v. pulrrionahs
(r. ·
lobularis);' 6 - bronchioli; 7-bronchiolus respiratorius.: 8 - ductus alveolaris;
9 - sacculi alveolares; lp - alveoli pul monis; 11 - rete capillaris'; 12 - lobuli
' · pulmonis.
Bee a.JlbBeOJI , OTHOCSU.IJ;Hecsi:, K OJ,\HOMY pecm1pinopHOMy opOHXy, npeA CTaBJISllOT ,cTpyKTYPHY!O e],\HHHJ,\Y JierKoro, nepeuttny10 /leWttHYKJ Oo/UJKY - lobu li pulmonis. 06ee KOJIH11ecTBO aJibBeoJI J.\OCTHraeT , y JIOlllaJlH . 5000 MJIH.
(y 11eJI0BeKa 400 MJIH.), y KOIIIKH_ J44 MJIH. TaKHM o6pa30M, .zthlXaTeJtbHasi: no sepxHOCTb Jiero11HbIX aJibBeOJI MO:>KeT .p.aBJiSITbCSI y JIOlllaiul 500 M2 (y 'leJlOBeKa 100 M2), y KOllIKH 7,2 M2 • . . . . , •
CTµoem1e OCHOBHbIX 6pOHXOB TaK<?f 2K, _KaK H TpaxeH; _PHH COCTrult H3 XpSl esoro OCTOBa,. BHyTpH BbICTJlaHbI ('.JIH3HCTOH OOOJIOIIKOH, co,nepmaiu.eii me JI€3hl R HOKpl>ITOH MepuaTe.JihHblM H'reJIHeM; ciiafuireHhf fJl;.!tKOM . MJCKyJl'a-
Typou.
CTo Mepe yMeHbllleHIUI .ltl'laMeTpa 6pOHXOB xpsi:eBhle · KOJihUa ..lteJI8!0TCSI
. He60JibWHMH HJiacnurnaMH, KOTOpbie 38TeM 'B 6pOHXMOJiaX ,raKJKe Rc4e3aIOT, HO
ot5oeM Pia.llKOH MycKyJiaTyphI 6poHxos tyBeJIRtrnsaeTCsi:. B, HaH6oJiee TOHKHX opoHxax .OTCYTCTByeT · R 6poHXRaJibHasi: MyCeyJiaTypa; .MepuaTeJibHbIH 3IDfTe
JUIH 38MeHfleTe11 Ky6HtJecKMM, a B a:71bBeoJiaX . IIJIOCKHM pecnnpaTOpHbIM 3IlH-
6poHXOB .KOJIH4ecTliO Coe),lHHHTeJlbHOH TKaHH IlOCTeileHHO yMeH&lllaeTCsi:; B KO He11HOM Hrore oHa o6pa3yeT neperopo.n.KH MeJK.Il.Y .Il.OJlbKaMH, a BHYTPH .n.oJieK
pa3.neJrn:e1' .aJibBeOJlflPHble xoAw; 1;1a Jiero11HbIX me 3JlhBeOJiax coxpaHHeTCfl TOJih-
Ko TOH118Hlll8SI ceT011Ka BOJIOKOH. < •
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