MbIwu.Bl do,ll,'bSl3bl'ihoh kocth

DoJt'bS13hll!HaS1 KOCTb H ee MHorol!HCJieHHhie MhllliUhI, o6'he,nHHeHHbie a e,nH­ HblH rlOLl.'bSl3bill HbIH annapaT, pa3BHJUICb B TeCHOH B3aHMOCBSl3H H B3aHM03a-, BHCHMOCTH .c opraHaMH nHW.el}apeHHSI (poToBaSI noJiocTh, MSlrKOe Iie6o, rnoT­

Ka) H opraHaMH ,11.bIXBHHSI (roprttHb). 003TOMY llaCTb MbllllU no,A'bS13bl'IHOH K;OCTH: SIBJISleTCSI pesyJlhTaTOM npeo6pa30B8HHSI o6w.ero C.>KHMaTe.lt5l BHCUepaJibHOro

annapaTa HH3IllHX Il 03BOHO.ll HblX., .npyraSI qacTb - npOH3BOLl.HbIMH MeaeH XHMHbIX 38KJI8,AOK .>Ka6epHX JI.yr, TpeTbH - npOH3BOLl.HblMH BeHTpaJibHbIX

OTpOCTKOB 38TbIJIO'IHblX . H 'laCTH'IHO nepe,nHHX TyJIOBHW.Hb X MHOTOMOB.

B cHny Toro 'ITO nJie'leaoli HOSIG n epaoHa'laJihHo y HH3II1HX BOLl.Hhlx nos- BOHOl!HblX npHJieLKaJI K roJIOBe H HaXOLl.HJICSI B TecH6H Moplf>ocpyHKUHOHaJibHOH . 38BHCHMOCTH c aiicuepaJibHblM anilapaToM, TO c ero Kay,naJibHbIM CMeW.eHHeM

Y8CTb MblWII 3TY MopijioJIOrH'leCKYIO CBSl3b coxpaHHJia H y BbIClllHX Il03BOHO'I-

HblX. TaK, HeKOTOpbie Ll.JIHHHbie MbllllUbI . !JOLJ.'I>S13bI'IHOH KOCTH, SIBJISISICb 'laCTblO

6hlallleii BeHTpaJibHoii npS1Mo8 MhllllUbl Tynoa1rn1.a, oT Tena no,n'hSI3bllJHoli KOCTH

pacnpocxpaHH UHCb no pyKOSITKH rpyIIHHbl H 110 nJie'leBoro IlOSICa, a poCTpaJib- ' HO - Ll,0 yrna HH.>KH.eH 'leJIIOCTH. . . .

O ·cJIO.>KHOCTH . npoHCXO.>KLl.eHHfi MhilllU no,n'hH3hil!HOH KOCTH CBHLl.eTeJihCTBy- ·

eT w paauooopa:me · ncxOYH'HKQB ux HHHepBaIIHH. MbIIIIUhI,. pa3BHBII1Hecsi H3

·3aKJI8Ll.KH lleJIIOCTHQH .nyrn, noJiyqaIOT HHHepBaUHIO OT BeTBeH TpOHHHtfHoro (V. napa, no,n'hS13hr11Hoii .nyrH - OT nmi;eaoro (Wll napa), nepaoli .>Ka6epHoli il:YFH: OT H:ilhIKOI'JIOTOcmoro (IX. napa).₁ nxopoli u fpeTheH »rn6epHbI X n:yr ·

OT noL1.'hS13hI11Horo (XII napa), a 6oJiee Kay.u.aJibHO pacnoJio.>KeHHbIX - OT .no- 6aaoiiHoro (XI napa) H BeHTJ'.>aJibHblX BeTBeH CilHHHOM03rOBbIX Hepac;m..

. lllHJIOR9J,'bS13bl'IUaSI MLllUU,a . m. stylohyoideus oepeT il:aTiaJIO OT yr.ua

cpe,!1,Heii BeTBH no,n.'bSl3bI'IHOH KOCTH H OKaH'IHI aeTCSI Ha '6oJiblllHX .porax nO.ll.'b­ Sl3bJllHOH KOCTH. y co6aKH MbilllUa HatiuaaeTCSI OT 6apa6aHHOH lJaCTH BHCO'IHOH KOCTH. y JI01Ha)lH )l.HCTa{ll;IIIOe cyxo>KHJIHe npo6o,aaeTC51 nyoplOllllIOH MhllliH.

<I> y H K u H SI - c6Jm.>KaeT Ha3BaHHbie , BeTBH. . .

I1H H e p a a u H SI .,...- n. facialis. ·

lfemocruononbsr3h1'1HaH Mhlw m. mylohyoideu5 6epeT naqaJio OT

60JihIIIHX porax no.ll'b.S!.:;3l>JIIHOH KOCTH. OlleHh xopowo pasBHTa y ,co6aKH • .lJ.Be OLl.HOHMeHHI>Je MbilliU, coe,n;HHS1S1Ch no cpe,nHeli JIHHHH, 06p_asy10T LI.HO P.OTOBOH nOJI T • .

<I> y H ·K ll H SI - npHnOLl.HHMaeT Sl3bIK H IlO,ll.TSlrHBaeT nO)l.'bS13bllJHYIO KOCTb,

11 H H e p a a u a S1 n. trigeminus. \

Oo,li6opo,11,011ROnoA'bS13hl'IHasi Mblwu.a - m. genioglossus (pHc. 82-4) -

BepeTeHOOOpa3HOH cpopMbl, Jie.>KHT HaLI. m. mylohyoideµs, Ha'IHHaeTCSI B no.n- 6opo.rcot1HOM yrny HH.>KHeii. IJeJIIOCTH pSl.l(OM c OJ(HP:HMeHHOH MbllliIJ;eii Apy1 oil: CTdpOHbI ll OKaH'IHBaeTCSI Ha TeJie nOLl.'bS13bl'IHOH KOCTH HJIH'Ha ·ee Sl3bI'IHOM OT-

pocTKe. '

. ct> y H K u H SI no.nrnrHBaeT IlOLl.'bS13bl'I HY!O KOCTb anepe,n.

HH H e p a a u H SI - n. hypoglossus. · ·

fpy,11,HHODOJl'bSl3bl'IHaSI MblWU.a"-m. sternohyoi deus (pHC. 71-23) -Ll,JIHH- HaSI, JieHfOBHLl,HaSI, Ha'IHHaeTCSI OT pyKOSITKH rpy,nHOH KOCTH BMecre c OLl,HOHMeH­

HOH MbIIIIII.eH ,npyroii cTOpOHbI. (y CBHHbH 6epeT Haqan:o OT 1-ro pe6eplioro XpSl­ lll,a), npOXO,l{HT c HeH no aeHTpaJibHOH noaepXHOCTH WeH H 3aKaH'IHBaeTCJI Ha TeJie nOLl,'bH3bl'IHOH KOCTH.. . .

<I> y H K u l:l. SI - OTTSirHBaeT riOLl.'bH3bI'11lYI0° KOCTb.

l1H H e p s a u H SI -.- nn. · cervicales.

JlonaTO'IHODO,ll,'bH3bl'IHaSI MbIWU.a - m. omolryoideus (pHC. 71-30) -

JieHTOBFrLJ.HOH cpopMhl; y-canHhH H JI01na.nJ.1 6epe1' ·Hal!aJio OT no.u..nonaro'IHoli qiac­

wrn B LJ.HCTaJibHQH TpeTH JionaTKH, 'Y LKBatIHblX -...:.. OT rny6oKOH llleHHOH cpacuHH

I . . . \

153

PHc. 82. Mblll!Ubl DO.ll'b.113blqHoif KoCTH JJO!lla,ll.H:

1 - m. hyoglossus; 2 - m. styloglossus; 3 - m. genioglossus; 4 - m. genioh yoide­ us; 5· - m. mylohyoideus; 6 - m. styl ohyoideus; 7 - m. jugulohyoideus; 8 ....:.m. omo­ hy oideus et m. slernh yoideus; Y m. digastricus; JO · m. tensor et levator veil· pala-

tini; a - .11peMHbIH OTpocTaK·; 8 - HTOBH,ll.Ha.11 JKeJJesa; c - .113bJK. /

Ha ypOBHe 3-ro (5) rneHHoro nosaoHKa iI sam:rnqHBaeTcSI Ha TeJie no,n'hSI3hI'IHOH

.KOCTH. y co6aKH OTC)'TCTByeT. . .

<I> y H K u H SI - OTTSirHBaeT Il0Jl'bSI3bJqHyIO KOC.Th. ..

11 H H e p B a u H SI - nn. cerv1cales,

fpyJlHHOUJ.HTOBH.llHasi Mbllllu,a - m. ,sternothyroideus (plic. 77--23) -

JieHTOBHMaSI, 6epeT HaqaJio BMecTe c rpyJlHHono,n'bSI3hlqHoil: BB pyKoSITKe rpy,nHHbI fl OKaHqHBae:rrn Ha IUHTOBH.llHOM XPSIIUe ropTaHH.

<I> y H K u H H - npH rJIOT8I,IHH OTTSirHBaeT ropTaHb Ha3a,ll.

H H H e p B a u H SI - nn. cervicales.

il{HTOBHJJ.HODOJl.'bSl3bl'IHasl MblllIU,a - m. thyrohyodeus - B BH,ne He60Jib­ rnoro MhirneqHoro 6p10rnKa HJleT or IUHTOBH.ziHoro xpSIIUa K 6oJibllIHM poraM no,n'h- Sl3bI'IHoii KOCTH. . . .

<I> y H K u H SI - c6JIH.>KaeT ropTaJ{b c IlO.ll'bH3biqHOH KOCTblO.

H H 1' e p B a u u .II - nn. cervicales.

3aTbIJIO'IHODO.ll'bH3bl'IHaSI MbIWUa . m. occipitohyoideus - HMfeT KO-

. poTKOe, IlJIOCKOe MhIUJeqaoe 6pIOllIKO, KOTopoe 6epeT Haqa.n:o OT SipeMHOro OT­

poCTKa H 3aKaHqHsae'l'CSI Ha BepxHeM yqaCTKe cpe,nHero qJifHHKa Il0Jl'bfl3bl'IHOH KOCTH. Pa3BHTa y .uoma n.u

<I> y H K ll H SI - otrnrHBaeT IlO]l'bSI3biqHyIO KOCTb.

H Ii: H e p B a u H SI nn. cervicales.

P<»1<Koeoao.ll»S13&IYeasi Mblwu.a m. ceratohyoideus pacnoJiaraeTQSI n

TpeyroJibHHKe Mf.>KJlY 60JibU1HM H MaJib M poraMH Il0Jl1;>SI3hlqHoli KOCTH.

<I> y H K u H 5i -c6JIH.>KaeT pora IlOJ('bSl3bI'IHOH KOCTH npH rJIO_TaHHH.

H H. H e p B a u w si n facialis. '

flonepelfRaSI DO.ll'bSl3bl'IHaSI MbIWU,a - m. hyoideus tfanSVffSUS - npe,n­ CT8BJISifT KOpOTKoe MbillifqHoe 6pIOII1KO, Koropoe pacnpaBJieHo Me.>KJly MaJibIMH poraMH Il0Jl'bSI3hlqirnil: KOCTH. .

<I> y H K u H SI - f6JIH.>KaeT MaJihie pora IlO]l'bSI3biqHoH KOCTH•.

H H H: e p B a u H SI - n. trigeminus.