- •Кременчук 2003
- •Витяг з протоколу № 1
- •В/о зав. Кафедри о.В. Фадєєва
- •Рецензія
- •Рецензент доц. О.В. Фадєєва Тематичний план лекцій
- •Lection 1. The noun in the contrasted languages
- •Nouns ending in vowels other than -o/-e
- •Syntax of the noun the cases
- •The nominative case
- •The accusative case
- •The genitive case
- •The dative case
- •Impersonal constructions: -ся verbs:
- •The locative case
- •The instrumental case
- •The vocative case
- •Syntax of case: the preposition
- •Alphabetical list of Ukrainian prepositions
- •Case government of Ukrainian prepositions Prepositions governing the genitive
- •Prepositions governing the genitive in addition to other cases
- •Prepositions governing the accusative
- •Prepositions governing the accusative in addition to other cases
- •Prepositions governing the dative
- •Prepositions governing the locative
- •Prepositions governing the locative in addition to other cases
- •Spatial constructions
- •Temporal constructions
- •Prepositions governing the instrumental
- •Substantival word formation
- •Lecture 2. The adjective
- •2. Comparison
- •Regular comparatives
- •Irregular comparatives
- •The analytic or compound comparative
- •Usage and 'than'
- •3. Using adjectives
- •Adjectives constructed with cases and prepositional phrases
- •Adjectives constructed with prepositional phrases
- •Genitive
- •Accusative
- •Instrumental
- •Locative
- •Adjectives constructed with infinitives and adverbs
- •Lection 3-4. The verb in the contrasted languages
- •2. Aspect and tense
- •Verbs of motion determinate and indeterminate
- •Imperfective:
- •Sequence of actions
- •3. The passive
- •4. The imperatives and conditionals the imperative
- •Irregular verbs
- •Inclusive ('Let's') commands
- •The conditional
- •5. Participles, gerunds,infinitive
- •Passive participles
- •The use of the infinitive
- •Verbs requiring the use of an infinitive
- •6. Transitive / intransiive verbs
- •Intransitive vs. Transitive: -ся verbs
- •Intransitive verbs without -ся
- •Intransitive verbs with -ся
- •General
- •Groups of adverbs
- •General
- •Groups of adverbs
- •Interrogatives
- •Indefinites
- •Interrogatives of time
- •Statements of time
- •Indefinites
- •Quantitative adverbs (adverbs of degree)
- •Indefinites
- •Сидячи сидячи стоячи стоячи лежачи лежачи
- •Adverbial modal constructions
- •It is possible that it will rain (perhaps it will rain).
- •It is impossible to open the door (it’s stuck, locked,. . .).
- •Lection 6. The numeral and pronoun in the contrasted languages
- •Summary table of cardinal, collective, and ordinal numerals
- •Два/дві, три, чотири and обидва/обидві
- •П'ять and above
- •Selected paradigms
- •Collectives
- •Distribution
- •The ordinals
- •Time expressions
- •Hours (time of day)
- •Fractions
- •Indefinite quantifiers
- •2. The pronoun: general remarks
- •2. The groups of pronouns
- •Interrogative and relative pronouns
- •'Whose?'
- •'How much?' - 'how many?'
- •Indefinite, negative, and distributive pronouns
- •Indefinites and distributives
- •Lection 7. The conjunction in the contrasted languages
- •General characteristic
- •Using conjunction
- •1. General characteristic
- •2. Using conjunctions
- •Coordination with conjunctions
- •Contrast
- •Within the composite sentence
- •The indirect y/n question
- •Other indirect questions
- •Adverbial or oblique clauses
- •Paired and repeated conjunctions
Instrumental
Adjective + з + instrumental:
близький з автором close to the author (figurative)
ввічливий із друзями polite with, considerate to friends
дружний/дружній з колективом friendly/getting on well with the team
згодний з висновком agreeing with, in harmony with the conclusion
знайомий з робітником acquainted with the worker
паралельний з вулицею parallel to the street
Adjective + за + instrumental:
близький за роллю close/similar in role
далекий за значенням remote in meaning/significance
подібний за формою similar in form
Adjective + між + instrumental:
відомий між людьми well-known among folk
Adjective + перед + instrumental:
винен перед батьком guilty in respect of one's father
Locative
Such constructions are on the whole adjunctive rather than complementary, i.e. they are optional adverbial extensions, with the preposition more autonomous. Thus:
близький у поглядах close in one's opinions
охайний у побуті neat and tidy in one's way of life
потрібний у житті required in/necessary to life
непомітний у темряві unnoticeable in the darkness
яскравий на сонці dazzling in the sunlight
відвертий при зустрічі honest/open on meeting
потрібний при перекладі needed in translation
The following are closer to being complementary constructions:
винен/винний у помилці guilty of a mistake
певен/певний у перемозі sure of victory
рівний у силі equal in strength
протилежний у поглядах opposite views
уважний у ставленні attentive/considerate in attitude/treatment
Adjectives constructed with infinitives and adverbs
Adjectives may also govern infinitives and be qualified by adverbs, for example:
безсилий боротися powerless to struggle
готовий доповісти ready to make a report
здатний працювати capable of working
згоден акомпанувати willing/ready to accompany
зобов'язаний закінчити obliged to finish
ладний відпочити ready to take a rest
охочий мешкати там keen to live there
радий старатися pleased to try
схильний перебільшувати prone/inclined to exaggerate
дуже привітний very friendly
абсолютно задовільний absolutely satisfactory/satisfying
надмірно рухливий excessively active/quick
неймовірно строкатий incredibly variegated/capricious
майже спілий almost ripe
зовсім зелений quite/entirely green
мікроскопічне малий microscopically small
(за)надто відвертий too open/frank/sincere
по-дружньому дбайливий attentive/concerned in a friendly way
no-південному затишний peaceful/pleasant in a 'midday sort of way'
математично точний mathematically precise
технічно досконалий technically perfect
завжди свіжий always fresh
‘TOO X’
One may indicate 'too' by prefixing за-, although not to every adjective; it is best to note which adjectives admit this prefix (in particular those describing Physical properties), for example:
замалий too small
завеликий too large
заширокий too wide
зависокий too tall/high
A useful adverb is надто, and it will be quite appropriate to use, say, дуже 'very', 'considerably', неймовірно 'incredibly'.
Literature: 2-6, 8