- •Introduction
- •Unit I. Rule of Law
- •1. Focus on Vocabulary
- •1.1. Choose the best variant and translate the italicized parts.
- •1.2. Fill in the blank spaces to complete the news stories. Do not use the prompts unless necessary.
- •1.3. Translate the following phrases using the words in bold type.
- •1.4. Translate the following sentences into English. Use the functional vocabulary where possible.
- •2. Focus on Texts
- •2.1. Do the following before you read the piece.
- •Freedom and rights
- •Constitutional rights
- •Personal freedoms
- •Legal rights
- •2.2. Suggest the English equivalents.
- •2.3. True or false.
- •2.4. Discussion points.
- •2.5. Using the italicized parts, summarize the articles to follow.
- •1.6. Identify the major human rights issues in the 2.5. Stories. Discuss in groups.
- •3. Focus on Rendering and Translation
- •3.1. Translate the following brief news items paying attention to the italicized parts.
- •Дума предлагает упростить процедуру ликвидации сми
- •Милошевич назвал Гаагский трибунал судом Линча
- •Молдаване не хотят становиться русскими
- •Оон: теракты 11 сентября стали поводом для нарушения прав человека
- •Арабские правозащитники: Израиль "затыкает рот арабскому меньшинству в кнессете"
- •22.10.2002 14:44 Http://lenta.Ru/mideast/2002/10/22/knesset/
- •3.2. Translate the following brief news items into English paying attention to the italicized parts. Новы праект беларускага закону
- •Жаночае лідэрства ў Беларусі
- •За Мікалуцкага просяць15 гадоў турмы
- •25.09.2003 Http://press.Promedia.By
- •3.3. Render the following article into English. Россия и права человека в странах снг
- •3.4. Render the following article into English. В современном Китае лишь несколько идеалистов-правозащитников живут воспоминаниями о трагедии 1989 года
- •3.5. Render the following article into English.
- •3.6. Render the following article into English. Новы закон аб смі заклiканы стаяць на варце iнтарэсаў грамадства I асобы
- •Unit II. Elections
- •Focus on Vocabulary
- •1.1. Explain the meaning of the following words and expressions.
- •1.2. Paraphrase the following expressions, using different glossary items.
- •1.3. Read the article below and decide which phrase from the box best fits each space.
- •Tories Face Test on Cow Disease
- •1.4. Piece the phrases together to make complete stories.
- •1.5. Paraphrase or explain the italicised parts of the following sentences.
- •1.6. Translate the following sentences paying special attention to the italicised words.
- •1.7. Translate the following sentences using the functional vocabulary where possible.
- •2. Focus on Texts
- •2.1. Read the article and complete the exercises that follow. Elections to Parliament The Electoral System
- •General Elections
- •2.2. Explain the meaning of the following word combinations in English.
- •2.3. Find the words or word-combinations which collocate with the following.
- •2.4. Questions and points for discussion.
- •2.5. Read the article and complete the exercises that follow. Electoral shock
- •2.6. Find words or word-combinations which mean the same.
- •2.7. Explain the following phrases and translate them into Russian.
- •2.8. Questions and points for discussion.
- •2.9. Read the article and complete the exercises that follow. Busting Turkey’s grey male monopoly
- •2.10. Translate the following word combinations into English.
- •2.11. Questions and points for discussion.
- •2.12. Read the article and complete the exercises that follow.
- •2.13. Translate the following word combinations into Russian and Belarusian.
- •2.14. Points for discussion.
- •3. Focus on Rendering and Translation
- •3.1. Render into English the following brief news items.
- •3.2. Render the following article into English. Казахстан: на выборах все определят колеблющиеся
- •3.3. Render the following article into English. Літва змяніла прэзідэнта
- •3.4. Render the following article into English. Літва ўступае ў ес
- •Revision Test 1
- •Match the words on the right with the words on the left.
- •2. Find the synonyms (left-hand column) and the definitions (right-hand column) of the words in the middle column.
- •3. Correct errors or inaccuracies.
- •Unit III. Visits. Talks. Agreements
- •1. Focus on Vocabulary
- •1.1. Give English equivalents to the following.
- •1.2. Give Russian equivalents to the following geographical names.
- •1.3. Paraphrase according to the model.
- •1.4. Paraphrase or explain the italicised parts of the following sentences.
- •1.5. Choose the best variant and translate the italicised parts.
- •1.6. Complete the table.
- •1.7. Translate into English paying attention to the italicized parts.
- •Focus on Texts Cook warned on Israel visit
- •2.1. Translate the following word combinations into English.
- •2.2. Answer the following questions.
- •2.3. As the article to follow is rather long, read the following questions first to give you an overview of the piece. Then try to answer them.
- •India and Pakistan end summit with pledge to hold more talks
- •2.4. What is the meaning of the following words and word combinations as used in the text?
- •Iraq talks “close to collapse”
- •2.5. Translate the following word combinations into English. Reproduce the situations in which they are used in the text.
- •2.6. Answer the following questions.
- •3. Focus on Rendering and Translation
- •3.1. Translate the following brief news items paying attention to the italicized parts.
- •3.2. Render the following article into English. Нажим приносит плоды Индия согласилась не проводить ядерных испытаний
- •3.3. Render the following article into English. Когда друг в беде
- •3.4. Render the following article into English. Теплые встречи в эмиратах
- •3.5. Render the following article into English. Россия остается в Совете Европы
- •3.6. Render the following article into English. Намёк прэзідэнта Пуціна
- •Unit IV. International Organizations
- •1. Focus on Vocabulary
- •1.1. Paraphrase the following sentences using words and expressions from the glossary.
- •1.2. Fill in the blanks with correct prepositions.
- •1.3. Piece the phrases together to make complete stories.
- •1.4. Translate from English into Russian/Belarusian.
- •1.5. Translate into English.
- •1.6. Fill in the blank spaces to complete the news story. Do not use the prompts unless necessary. Annan says world leaders aren't living up to their millennium pledges
- •1.8. Read the 1.6. Text again and identify major international concerns. Rate them in the order of importance. Explain your choice.
- •2. Focus on Texts
- •2.1. Before you read the following text, do a quiz on the un.
- •How the un Works
- •The General Assembly
- •The Security Council
- •The Economic and Social Council
- •The Trusteeship Council
- •The International Court of Justice
- •The Secretariat
- •The un system
- •2.2. Give English equivalents.
- •2.3. Translate the following word combinations into Russian.
- •2.4. Which statement goes with which un organ? Which un organ is left out?
- •2.5. Go back to the pre-reading quiz and check your answers against the facts in the text.
- •2.6. Points for discussion.
- •2.7. Read the extract from the Official Yearbook of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and complete the exercises that follow.
- •International organisations European Union
- •The Commonwealth
- •North Atlantic Treaty Organisation
- •Group of Eight
- •Organisation for Security and Co-operation in Europe
- •Council of Europe
- •Other International Bodies
- •2.8. Translate into English.
- •2.9. Make the following statements more factually correct.
- •2.10. Below you will find excerpts from the mission statements of four prominent international non-governmental organizations. Discuss the pieces and suggest what these organizations are.
- •Defending press freedom… every day
- •2.11. After-reading tasks and discussion points.
- •3. Focus on Rendering and Translation
- •3.1. Render the news stories into Russian, paying attention to the words in italics. Amnesty Slams un
- •Lebanon Gets Tough
- •Un Help in Congo
- •Kosovo Worries Ivanov
- •3.2. Translate the following brief news items paying attention to the italicized parts. Ультиматум Буша Совбезу оон
- •Мид России поднял грузинский вопрос на уровне оон
- •Кофи Аннан: с терроризмом мы будем воевать, но только вместе
- •Сша передали Совбезу оон новый проект резолюции по Ираку
- •Миротворцев оон в горячих точках заменят на наемников
- •3.3. Translate the following brief news items paying attention to the italicized parts. Падпісаны мемарандум
- •Заява Прэс-сакратара мзс Беларусі ў сувязі з прыняццем Саветам Бяспекі аан рэзалюцыі 1373 аб барацьбе з міжнародным тэрарызмам
- •3.4. Render the following article into English.
- •Оглашены имена злостных неплательщиков всемирного кооператива
- •3.5. Render the following article into English. Оон не избежать перестройки
- •3.6. Render the following article into English. Комиссар берет на прицел Чечню
- •3.7. Render the following article into English. Вопыт Беларусі вывучаюць у Жэневе
- •3.8. Render the following article into English. Прадухілім ядзерную небяспеку
- •3.9. Render the following article into English. Вайна ці мір?
- •Revision test 2
- •Match the words on the left with the definitions on the right.
- •Unit V. Economy Matters
- •1. Focus on Vocabulary
- •1.2. Paraphrase or explain the italicised parts of the following sentences.
- •1.3. Translate the following from English into Russian/Belarusian paying attention to the word combinations in italics.
- •1.4. Translate the following sentences using your topic vocabulary.
- •2. Focus on Texts
- •2.1. Read the following article and complete the exercises that follow. Growth Is Forecast in Rest of Eastern Europe
- •2.6. Read the following article and complete the exercises that follow. Canada Forges Trade Pact With Chile
- •Mexico’s decision to devalue the national currency triggered a political crisis in the usa and turned many of the senators against the very concept of free trade.
- •3. Focus on Rendering and Translation
- •3.1. Render into English the following extracts paying attention to the italicized parts.
- •3.2. Render into English the following extracts paying attention to the italicized parts.
- •3.3. Render into English the following article.
- •Китай не высказывает беспокойства по поводу сохраняющегося отрицательного сальдо в торговле с Беларусью
- •3.4. Render into English the following article. Древние американские законы всем надоели Европейский союз выступил против антидемпинговых процедур
- •3.5. Render into English the following article. У Беларусi I Масквы ёсць усе магчымасцi для паспяховага супрацоўнiцтва
- •3.6. Render into English the following article. «Белрасбанк» павiнен быць карысным для эканомiкi Беларусi
- •Revision test 3
- •Match the words in the left-hand column with the definitions on the right.
- •Translate the following into Russian.
- •Translate the following into English.
- •Unit VI. Natural Disasters
- •1. Focus on Vocabulary
- •1.1. Give the definitions to the following extreme weather events. Add other words you know referring to the topic.
- •1.2. Explain the meaning of the word-combinations.
- •1.3. Translate into Russian/Belarusian paying special attention to the italicized expressions.
- •1.4. Choose the best variant and translate.
- •1.5. Translate into Russian/Belarusian paying special attention to the italicized expressions.
- •1.6. Translate into Russian/Belarusian using the vocabulary from the previous exercises.
- •1.7. Read the four texts to follow and identify the natural disasters discussed. Write out the words and phrases that helped you identify the phenomena.
- •40,000 Evacuated by Denver _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
- •1.8. Translate into English using the following words and word combinations.
- •1.9. Translate the following news briefs paying attention to the italicized parts. Спасательные работы в Северной Осетии приостановлены до 6.30 утра
- •В Гватемале селевым потоком смыто 60 домов
- •На Сахалине произошло землетрясение
- •1.10. Translate the following news briefs paying attention to the italicized parts. На Алтаі адбылося новае землетрасенне
- •Ахвяры ліхаманкі заходняга Ніла
- •2. Focus on Texts
- •2.1. Read the following article and complete the exercises that follow.
- •333 Confirmed dead in Mexico floods
- •2.2. Suggest the Russian/Belarusian equivalents.
- •2.3. Reproduce the situations in which the words and phrases from the above exercise are used.
- •2.4. Work in pairs. Write a summary of the article leaving out the insignificant details (from your point of view). Compare with the summary of your group-mate. What are the differences? Why?
- •2.5. Read the following article and find the English equivalents to the following Russian expressions in the text.
- •2.6. Reproduce the article using the phrases from exercise 2.5.
- •2.7. Read the article and complete the exercises that follow. Etna's plume traced from space
- •2.8. Suggest the English equivalents to the following Russian expressions.
- •2.9. Insert prepositions and particles where necessary, then read the text and check your answers.
- •2.10. Answer the following questions.
- •3. Focus on Rendering and Translation
- •3.1. Render the following article into English. Турецкое эхо Может ли наука предупредить о грозящем землетрясении?
- •3.2. Render the following article into English. Тайфун в Японии: город Нагоя затоплен, 5 человек погибли
- •Render the following article into English. Итальянский остров Стромболи стал необитаемым
- •3.4. Render the following article into English. Павадак у Мексіцы: больш за 600 чалавек загінула
- •3.5. Render the following article into English. «Майсей» уратуе Венецыю
- •3.6 Render the following article into English. Як выжыць ва ўмовах клiматычнага «экстрыму»?
- •Final test
- •Match the beginning of the expression on the right with its end on the left.
- •Appendix 1. Glossary Civil Rights Core Vocabulary
- •Visits. Talks. Agreements Core Vocabulary
- •International Organizations
- •Vocabulary
- •Elections Core Vocabulary
- •Additional Vocabulary
- •Trade Relations Core Vocabulary
- •Natural Disasters Core Vocabulary
- •Appendix 2. Abbreviations
- •Table of Contents
1.5. Translate into English.
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Устав ООН воплотил в себя наиболее передовые демократические принципы международной жизни — равноправие и самоопределение народов, суверенное равенство государств и уважение к правам человека и основным свободам для всех без различия расы, пола, языка и религии.
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ООН была создана 24 октября 1945 г. 51 страной, которые были преисполнены решимости сохранить мир посредством развития международного сотрудничества и обеспечения коллективной безопасности.
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Эта кампания, в рамках которой проводились самые различные мероприятия — от эмбарго на поставки оружия до принятия конвенции против сегрегации в спорте, — была важным фактором, содействовавшим тому, что в апреле 1994 г. в результате свободных выборов к власти пришло демократически избранное правительство.
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ООН представляет средства, которые помогают урегулировать международные конфликты и разрабатывать политику в вопросах, касающихся всех нас.
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В ООН все государства-члены — большие и малые, богатые и бедные, придерживающиеся различных взглядов и социальных систем, — имеют право голоса и участвуют в голосовании.
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Одной из главных целей для ООН является мир, который достигается путем скорейшего урегулирования конфликтов при помощи проведения миротворческих операций и посредничества.
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Управление Верховного комиссара по делам беженцев оказывает гуманитарную помощь, устанавливая подвижные лагеря для беженцев.
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Прекращение гонки вооружений и уничтожение, в конечном счете, всего оружия является главной задачей ООН.
1.6. Fill in the blank spaces to complete the news story. Do not use the prompts unless necessary. Annan says world leaders aren't living up to their millennium pledges
1. UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan says world leaders aren't … up to the promises they made for the millennium. Annan's comments come in his first report since the UN Millennium Summit where 189 countries signed a pledge to give billions of people a better life by 2015. Annan says world leaders are not moving fast enough to … poverty, ... education, … child mortality and … Aids.
2. He says they also aren't doing enough to … the environment and to … peace, security, disarmament, human rights and … for women.
3. Annan said: "The record of the … community in the first two years of implementing the Millennium Declaration is, at best, mixed. In the remaining 13 years, … must be made on a much broader front. Otherwise, the ringing words of the declaration will serve only as grim reminders of human needs neglected and promises unmet."
4. In the declaration, the leaders promised major changes and set tough … - to cut in half the proportion of people living on less than one dollar a day, and the number of people who do not have safe … water, by the year 2015.
5. By that date, they also pledged that boys and girls everywhere will be able to complete primary school, and that the … of HIV/Aids and the … of malaria and other major diseases should be halted and reversed.
6. In his report, Annan says, East Asia and parts of South Asia could … many or all of the goals if current progress continues. "Yet progress in parts of Latin America is slow, while much of sub-Saharan Africa and large parts of Central Asia are hardly … at all - or even worse, are falling back dramatically," he says.
Ananova.com, 27 August 2002
Prompts:
1) living, cut, improve, reduce, fight; 2) protect, promote, equality; 3) international, progress; 4) targets, drinking; 5) spread, scourge; 6) meet, advancing
1.7. Work in pairs. Choose either text 1 or text 2, then read it using suitable words to fill in the blank spaces. After you are through, work together with your partner to reconstruct the original story.
Text 1. EARTH SUMMIT Sustainable development declaration adopted
World … have adopted a "Johannesburg … on Sustainable Development", which South African President Thabo Mbeki, chairing the session, said had gone through numerous revisions.
Here are extracts from the declaration:
"We, the Heads of State and Government assembled at the ... … on Sustainable Development in Johannesburg, South Africa, from 2 to 4 September 2002, … our commitment to build a human and caring global society in pursuit of the goal of … dignity for all...
"If we do nothing, we risk the entrenchment of a global form of apartheid. Unless we act in a manner that … changes their lives, the poor of the world may … confidence in the democratic systems to which we are committed, seeing their representatives as nothing more than sounding brass or tinkling cymbals...
"Ten years ago at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, held in Rio de Janeiro, we agreed that the … of the environment and social and economic development are the three inseparable pillars of sustainable development... We acknowledge that the goals we set ourselves at the Rio Earth Summit have not been met...
"The most pressing challenges of our time remain poverty, underdevelopment, … degradation, and social and economic inequalities within and among countries... the ever-increasing … between the developed and developing worlds poses a major … to global prosperity, security and stability.
"We recognise that democracy, … of law, … for human rights and freedoms, and the achievement of peace and security are essential for the full achievement of sustainable development. Together, these objectives are indivisible and mutually reinforcing...
"Water is essential for life... Adequate … of water and sanitation, given rapid rates of urbanisation and the needs of the rural poor, are therefore central to the … of the objective of sustainable development...
"Human beings are entitled to healthy and productive lives in harmony with nature... as a result of poverty, underdevelopment, inadequate shelter, adverse environmental conditions, the unavailability of affordable medicines and vaccines and weak health infrastructure, billions of people continue to be … to avoidable illnesses and suffer early … particularly from communicable diseases, such as HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria and a variety of childhood illnesses...
"We accept that various energy uses lead to such environmental consequences as desertification, acidification, air pollution and climate change. We therefore commit ourselves to implementing all existing international … relating to these matters, as well as to continuing the search for a global long-term commitment to address climate change...
"We agree to protect and restore the integrity of our planet's ecological system, with special emphasis on preserving biological … and the natural processes that sustain all life on Earth, as well as addressing the process of desertification...
"The process of globalisation is accompanied by the emergence of leading private-sector corporations, which have a responsibility to contribute to the evolution of equitable and sustainable communities and societies, even as they … their legitimate activities. We therefore agree that there is a need for the private sector to operate within a transparent and stable regulatory environment...
"We recognise the central place of women in human society and their key role in promoting sustainable development...
"We affirm that … conflict and warfare are inherently inimical to sustainable development. We agree to combat terrorism, organised crime and corruption, singly and collectively...
"We reaffirm our commitment to the principles and purposes of the Charter of the United Nations and international law, as well as the strengthening of multilateralism. We support the leadership role of the United Nations as the most universal and representative organisation in the world, which is best placed to promote sustainable development...
"We call on the United Nations … Assembly, as the world's foremost multilateral forum, to institute a follow-up mechanism to facilitate, evaluate and monitor the implementation of the outcomes of the World Summit on Sustainable Development ...
"From the African continent, the cradle of …, we declare to the … of the world that we are determined to ensure that our collective hope for sustainable development is realised.
Text 2. EARTH SUMMIT Sustainable development declaration adopted
… leaders have … a "Johannesburg Declaration on Sustainable …", which South African President Thabo Mbeki, chairing the session, said had gone through numerous revisions.
Here are extracts from the declaration:
"We, the Heads of State and Government assembled at the World Summit on … … in Johannesburg, South Africa, from 2 to 4 September 2002, declare our … to build a human and caring global society in pursuit of the goal of human … for all...
"If we do nothing, we risk the entrenchment of a global form of apartheid. Unless we act in a manner that fundamentally … their lives, the poor of the world may lose … in the democratic systems to which we are committed, seeing their representatives as nothing more than sounding brass or tinkling cymbals...
"Ten years ago at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, held in Rio de Janeiro, we agreed that the protection of the … and social and economic development are the three inseparable pillars of sustainable development... We acknowledge that the goals we set ourselves at the Rio Earth Summit have not been met...
"The most pressing challenges of our time remain poverty, underdevelopment, environmental …, and social and economic inequalities within and among countries... the ever-… gap between the developed and developing worlds … a major threat to global prosperity, security and stability.
"We recognise that democracy, rule of …, respect for … … and freedoms, and the achievement of peace and security are essential for the full achievement of sustainable development. Together, these objectives are indivisible and mutually reinforcing...
"Water is essential for life... Adequate supplies of water and sanitation, given rapid … of urbanisation and the needs of the rural poor, are therefore central to the achievement of the … of sustainable development...
"Human beings are entitled to healthy and productive lives in harmony with nature... as a result of poverty, underdevelopment, inadequate shelter, adverse environmental conditions, the unavailability of affordable medicines and vaccines and weak health infrastructure, billions of people continue to be exposed to … illnesses and suffer early death particularly from communicable …, such as HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria and a variety of childhood illnesses...
"We accept that various energy uses lead to such environmental consequences as desertification, acidification, air pollution and climate change. We therefore … ourselves to implementing all existing international agreements relating to these matters, as well as to continuing the search for a global long-term commitment to address climate change...
"We agree to protect and restore the integrity of our planet's ecological system, with special emphasis on preserving … diversity and the natural processes that sustain all life on Earth, as well as addressing the process of desertification...
"The process of globalisation is accompanied by the emergence of leading private-sector corporations, which have a responsibility to contribute to the evolution of equitable and sustainable communities and societies, even as they pursue their legitimate …. We therefore agree that there is a need for the private sector to operate within a transparent and stable regulatory environment...
"We recognise the central place of women in human society and their key role in promoting sustainable development...
"We affirm that armed … and warfare are inherently inimical to sustainable development. We agree to combat terrorism, organised crime and corruption, singly and collectively...
"We reaffirm our commitment to the principles and purposes of the Charter of the United Nations and international law, as well as the strengthening of multilateralism. We support the leadership role of the United Nations as the most universal and representative organisation in the world, which is best placed to promote sustainable development...
"We call on the United Nations General …, as the world's foremost multilateral forum, to institute a follow-up mechanism to facilitate, evaluate and monitor the implementation of the outcomes of the World … on Sustainable Development ...
"From the African continent, the … of humankind, we declare to the peoples of the … that we are determined to ensure that our collective hope for sustainable development is realised.
Ananova.com, 5 September 2002