ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS

xxii

ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS

BCC

Body-centered cubic

CCTV

Closed circuit television system

BCD

Binary-coded decimal

CCU

Coronary care unit; Critical care unit

BCG

Ballistocardiogram

CD

Current density

BCLS

Basic cardiac life support

CDR

Complimentary determining region

BCRU

British Commitee on Radiation Units

CDRH

Center for Devices and Radiological

and Measurements

Health

BDI

Beck depression inventory

CEA

Carcinoembryonic antigen

BE

Base excess; Binding energy

CF

Conversion factor; Cystic fibrosis

BET

Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller methods

CFC

Continuous flow cytometer

BH

His bundle

CFR

Code of Federal Regulations

BI

Biological indicators

CFU

Colony forming units

BIH

Beth Israel Hospital

CGA

Compressed Gas Association

BIPM

International Bureau of Weights and

CGPM

General Conference on Weights and

Measurements

Measures

BJT

Bipolar junction transistor

CHO

Carbohydrate

BMDP

Biomedical Programs

CHO

Chinese hamster ovary

BME

Biomedical engineering

CI

Combination index

BMET

Biomedical equipment technician

CICU

Cardiac intensive care unit

BMO

Biomechanically optimized

CIF

Contrast improvement factor

BMR

Basal metabolic rate

CIN

Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia

BOL

Beginning of life

CK

Creatine kinase

BP

Bereitschafts potential; Break point

CLAV

Clavicle

BR

Polybutadiene

CLSA

Computerized language sample analysis

BRM

Biological response modifier

CM

Cardiomyopathy; Code modulation

BRS

Bibliographic retrieval services

CMAD

Computer managed articulation diagnosis

BSS

Balanced salt solution

CMI

Computer-managed instruction

BTG

Beta thromboglobulin

CMRR

Common mode rejection ratio

BTPS

Body temperature pressure saturated

CMV

Conventional mechanical ventilation;

BUN

Blood urea nitrogen

Cytomegalovirus

BW

Body weight

CNS

Central nervous system

CA

Conductive adhesives

CNV

Contingent negative variation

CABG

Coronary artery by-pass grafting

CO

Carbon monoxide; Cardiac output

CAD/CAM

Computer-aided design/computer-aided

COBAS

Comprehensive Bio-Analysis System

manufacturing

COPD

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

CAD/D

Computer-aided drafting and design

COR

Center of rotation

CADD

Central axis depth dose

CP

Cerebral palsy; Closing pressure; Creatine

CAI

Computer assisted instruction;

phosphate

Computer-aided instruction

CPB

Cardiopulmonary bypass

CAM

Computer-assisted management

CPET

Cardiac pacemaker electrode tips

cAMP

Cyclic AMP

CPM

Computerized probe measurements

CAPD

Continuous ambulatory peritoneal

CPP

Cerebral perfusion pressure;

dialysis

Cryoprecipitated plasma

CAPP

Child amputee prosthetic project

CPR

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation

CAT

Computerized axial tomography

cps

Cycles per second

CATS

Computer-assisted teaching system;

CPU

Central Processing unit

Computerized aphasia treatment system

CR

Center of resistance; Conditioned response;

CAVH

Continuous arteriovenous hemofiltration

Conductive rubber; Creatinine

CB

Conjugated bilirubin; Coulomb barrier

CRBB

Complete right bundle branch block

CBC

Complete blood count

CRD

Completely randomized design

CBF

Cerebral blood flow

CRL

Crown rump length

CBM

Computer-based management

CRT

Cathode ray tube

CBV

Cerebral blood volume

CS

Conditioned stimulus; Contrast scale;

CC

Closing capacity

Crown seat

CCC

Computer Curriculum Company

CSA

Compressed spectral array

CCD

Charge-coupled device

CSF

Cerebrospinal fluid

CCE

Capacitance contact electrode

CSI

Chemical shift imaging

CCF

Cross-correlation function

CSM

Chemically sensitive membrane

CCL

Cardiac catheterization laboratory

CT

Computed tomography; Computerized

CCM

Critical care medical services

tomography

CCPD

Continuous cycling peritoneal

CTI

Cumulative toxicity response index

dialysis

CV

Closing volume

ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS

xxiii

C.V.

Coefficient of variation

EBS

Early burn scar

CVA

Cerebral vascular accident

EBV

Epstein–Barr Virus

CVP

Central venous pressure

EC

Ethyl cellulose

CVR

Cardiovascular resistance

ECC

Emergency cardiac care; Extracorporeal

CW

Continuous wave

circulation

CWE

Coated wire electrodes

ECCE

Extracapsular cataract extinction

CWRU

Case Western Reserve University

ECD

Electron capture detector

DAC

Digital-to-analog converter

ECG

Electrocardiogram

DAS

Data acquisition system

ECM

Electrochemical machining

dB

Decibel

ECMO

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

DB

Direct body

ECOD

Extracranial cerebrovascular occlusive

DBMS

Data base management system

disease

DBS

Deep brain stimulation

ECRI

Emergency Care Research Institute

dc

Direct current

ECS

Exner’s Comprehensive System

DCCT

Diabetes control and complications trial

ECT

Electroconvulsive shock therapy;

DCP

Distal cavity pressure

Electroconvulsive therapy; Emission

DCS

Dorsal column stimulation

computed tomography

DDC

Deck decompression chamber

EDD

Estimated date of delivery

DDS

Deep diving system

EDP

Aortic end diastolic pressure

DE

Dispersive electrode

EDTA

Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid

DEN

Device experience network

EDX

Energy dispersive X-ray analysis

DERS

Drug exception ordering system

EEG

Electroencephalogram

DES

Diffuse esophageal spasm

EEI

Electrode electrolyte interface

d.f.

Distribution function

EELV

End-expiratory lung volume

DHCP

Distributed Hospital Computer Program

EER

Electrically evoked response

DHE

Dihematoporphyrin ether

EF

Ejection fraction

DHEW

Department of Health Education and

EF

Electric field; Evoked magnetic fields

Welfare

EFA

Estimated fetal age

DHHS

Department of Health and Human Services

EGF

Epidermal growth factor

DHT

Duration of hypothermia

EGG

Electrogastrogram

DI

Deionized water

EIA

Enzyme immunoassay

DIC

Displacement current

EIU

Electrode impedance unbalance

DIS

Diagnostic interview schedule

ELF

Extra low frequency

DL

Double layer

ELGON

Electrical goniometer

DLI

Difference lumen for intensity

ELISA

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

DM

Delta modulation

ELS

Energy loss spectroscopy

DME

Dropping mercury electrode

ELV

Equivalent lung volume

DN

Donation number

EM

Electromagnetic

DNA

Deoxyribonucleic acid

EMBS

Engineering in Medicine and Biology

DOF

Degree of freedom

Society

DOS

Drug ordering system

emf

Electromotive force

DOT-NHTSA

Department of Transportation Highway

EMG

Electromyogram

Traffic Safety Administration

EMGE

Integrated electromyogram

DPB

Differential pencil beam

EMI

Electromagnetic interference

DPG

Diphosphoglycerate

EMS

Emergency medical services

DQE

Detection quantum efficiency

EMT

Emergency medical technician

DRESS

Depth-resolved surface coil spectroscopy

ENT

Ear, nose, and throat

DRG

Diagnosis-related group

EO

Elbow orthosis

DSA

Digital subtraction angiography

EOG

Electrooculography

DSAR

Differential scatter-air ratio

EOL

End of life

DSB

Double strand breaks

EOS

Eosinophil

DSC

Differential scanning calorimetry

EP

Elastoplastic; Evoked potentiate

D-T

Deuterium-on-tritium

EPA

Environmental protection agency

DTA

Differential thermal analysis

ER

Evoked response

d.u.

Density unit

ERCP

Endoscopic retrograde

DUR

Duration

cholangiopancreatography

DVT

Deep venous thrombosis

ERG

Electron radiography;

EA

Esophageal accelerogram

Electroretinogram

EB

Electron beam

ERMF

Event-related magnetic field

EBCDIC

Extended binary code decimal interchange

ERP

Event-related potential

code

ERV

Expiratory reserve volume

ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS

xxv

HR

Heart rate; High-resolution

IMIA

International Medical Informatics

HRNB

Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological

Association

Battery

IMS

Information management system

H/S

Hard/soft

IMV

Intermittent mandatory ventilation

HSA

Human serum albumin

INF

Interferon

HSG

Hysterosalpingogram

IOL

Intraocular lens

HTCA

Human tumor cloning assay

IPC

Ion-pair chromatography

HTLV

Human T cell lymphotrophic virus

IPD

Intermittent peritoneal dialysis

HU

Heat unit; Houndsfield units; Hydroxyurea

IPG

Impedance plethysmography

HVL

Half value layer

IPI

Interpulse interval

HVR

Hypoxic ventilatory response

IPPB

Intermittent positive pressure breathing

HVT

Half-value thickness

IPTS

International practical temperature scale

IA

Image intensifier assembly; Inominate

IR

Polyisoprene rubber

artery

IRB

Institutional Review Board

IABP

Intraaortic balloon pumping

IRBBB

Incomplete right bundle branch block

IAEA

International Atomic Energy Agency

IRPA

International Radiation Protection

IAIMS

Integrated Academic Information

Association

Management System

IRRAS

Infrared reflection-absorption

IASP

International Association for the Study

spectroscopy

of Pain

IRRS

Infrared reflection spectroscopy

IC

Inspiratory capacity; Integrated circuit

IRS

Internal reflection spectroscopy

ICCE

Intracapsular cataract extraction

IRV

Inspiratory reserve capacity

ICD

Intracervical device

IS

Image size; Ion-selective

ICDA

International classification of diagnoses

ISC

Infant skin servo control

ICL

Ms-clip lens

ISDA

Instantaneous screw displacement axis

ICP

Inductively coupled plasma;

ISE

Ion-selective electrode

Intracranial pressure

ISFET

Ion-sensitive field effect transistor

ICPA

Intracranial pressure amplitude

ISIT

Intensified silicon-intensified target tube

ICRP

International Commission on

ISO

International Organization for

Radiological Protection

Standardization

ICRU

International Commission on Radiological

ISS

Ion scattering spectroscopy

Units and Measurements

IT

Intrathecal

ICU

Intensive care unit

ITEP

Institute of Theoretical and Experimental

ID

Inside diameter

Physics

IDDM

Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus

ITEPI

Instantaneous trailing edge pulse

IDE

Investigational device exemption

impedance

IDI

Index of inspired gas distribution

ITLC

Instant thin-layer chromatography

I:E

Inspiratory: expiratory

IUD

Intrauterine device

IEC

International Electrotechnical

IV

Intravenous

Commission; Ion-exchange

IVC

Inferior vena cava

chromatography

IVP

Intraventricular pressure

IEEE

Institute of Electrical and Electronics

JCAH

Joint Commission on the Accreditation

Engineers

of Hospitals

IEP

Individual educational program

JND

Just noticeable difference

BETS

Inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy

JRP

Joint replacement prosthesis

IF

Immunofluorescent

KB

Kent bundle

IFIP

International Federation for Information

Kerma

Kinetic energy released in unit mass

Processing

KO

Knee orthosis

IFMBE

International Federation for Medical and

KPM

Kilopond meter

Biological Engineering

KRPB

Krebs-Ringer physiological buffer

IGFET

Insulated-gate field-effect transistor

LA

Left arm; Left atrium

IgG

Immunoglobulin G

LAD

Left anterior descending; Left axis

IgM

Immunoglobulin M

deviation

IHP

Inner Helmholtz plane

LAE

Left atrial enlargement

IHSS

Idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis

LAK

Lymphokine activated killer

II

Image intensifier

LAL

Limulus amoebocyte lysate

IIIES

Image intensifier input-exposure

LAN

Local area network

sensitivity

LAP

Left atrial pressure

IM

Intramuscular

LAT

Left anterior temporalis

IMFET

Immunologically sensitive field-effect

LBBB

Left bundle branch block

transistor

LC

Left carotid; Liquid chromatography

xxvi

ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS

LCC

Left coronary cusp

MDP

Mean diastolic aortic pressure

LCD

Liquid crystal display

MDR

Medical device reporting

LDA

Laser Doppler anemometry

MDS

Multidimensional scaling

LDF

Laser Doppler flowmetry

ME

Myoelectric

LDH

Lactate dehydrogenase

MED

Minimum erythema dose

LDPE

Low density polyethylene

MEDPAR

Medicare provider analysis and review

LEBS

Low-energy brief stimulus

MEFV

Maximal expiratory flow volume

LED

Light-emitting diode

MEG

Magnetoencephalography

LEED

Low energy electron diffraction

MeSH

Medline subject heading

LES

Lower esophageal sphincter

METS

Metabolic equivalents

LESP

Lower esophageal sphincter pressure

MF

Melamine-formaldehyde

LET

Linear energy transfer

MFP

Magnetic field potential

LF

Low frequency

MGH

Massachusetts General Hospital

LH

Luteinizing hormone

MHV

Magnetic heart vector

LHT

Local hyperthermia

MI

Myocardial infarction

LL

Left leg

MIC

Minimum inhibitory concentration

LLDPE

Linear low density polyethylene

MIFR

Maximum inspiratory flow rate

LLPC

Liquid-liquid partition chromatography

MINET

Medical Information Network

LLW

Low-level waste

MIR

Mercury-in-rubber

LM

Left masseter

MIS

Medical information system;

LNNB

Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological

Metal-insulator-semiconductor

Battery

MIT

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

LOS

Length of stay

MIT/BIH

Massachusetts Institute of Technology/

LP

Late potential; Lumboperitoneal

Beth Israel Hospital

LPA

Left pulmonary artery

MMA

Manual metal arc welding

LPC

Linear predictive coding

MMA

Methyl methacrylate

LPT

Left posterior temporalis

MMECT

Multiple-monitored ECT

LPV

Left pulmonary veins

MMFR

Maximum midexpiratory flow rate

LRP

Late receptor potential

mm Hg

Millimeters of mercury

LS

Left subclavian

MMPI

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality

LSC

Liquid-solid adsorption chromatography

Inventory

LSI

Large scale integrated

MMSE

Minimum mean square error

LSV

Low-amplitude shear-wave

MO

Membrane oxygenation

viscoelastometry

MONO

Monocyte

LTI

Low temperature isotropic

MOSFET

Metal oxide silicon field-effect

LUC

Large unstained cells

transistor

LV

Left ventricle

MP

Mercaptopurine; Metacarpal-phalangeal

LVAD

Left ventricular assist device

MPD

Maximal permissible dose

LVDT

Linear variable differential transformer

MR

Magnetic resonance

LVEP

Left ventricular ejection period

MRG

Magnetoretinogram

LVET

Left ventricular ejection time

MRI

Magnetic resonance imaging

LVH

Left ventricular hypertrophy

MRS

Magnetic resonance spectroscopy

LYMPH

Lymphocyte

MRT

Mean residence time

MAA

Macroaggregated albumin

MS

Mild steel; Multiple sclerosis

MAC

Minimal auditory capabilities

MSR

Magnetically shielded room

MAN

Manubrium

MTBF

Mean time between failure

MAP

Mean airway pressure; Mean arterial

MTF

Modulation transfer function

pressure

MTTR

Mean time to repair

MAST

Military assistance to safety and traffic

MTX

Methotroxate

MBA

Monoclonal antibody

MUA

Motor unit activity

MBV

Maximum breathing ventilation

MUAP

Motor unit action potential

MBX

Monitoring branch exchange

MUAPT

Motor unit action potential train

MCA

Methyl cryanoacrylate

MUMPI

Missouri University Multi-Plane

MCG

Magnetocardiogram

Imager

MCI

Motion Control Incorporated

MUMPS

Massachusetts General Hospital utility

MCMI

Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory

multiuser programming system

MCT

Microcatheter transducer

MV

Mitral valve

MCV

Mean corpuscular volume

MVO2

Maximal oxygen uptake

MDC

Medical diagnostic categories

MVTR

Moisture vapor transmission rate

MDI

Diphenylmethane diisocyanate;

MVV

Maximum voluntary ventilation

Medical Database Informatics

MW

Molecular weight

ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS

xxvii

NAA

Neutron activation analysis

OPG

Ocular pneumoplethysmography

NAD

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide

OR

Operating room

NADH

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide,

OS

Object of known size; Operating system

reduced form

OTC

Over the counter

NADP

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide

OV

Offset voltage

phosphate

PA

Posterioanterior; Pulmonary artery;

NAF

Neutrophil activating factor

Pulse amplitude

NARM

Naturally occurring and accelerator-

PACS

Picture archiving and communications

produced radioactive materials

systems

NBB

Normal buffer base

PAD

Primary afferent depolarization

NBD

Neuromuscular blocking drugs

PAM

Pulse amplitude modulation

N-BPC

Normal bonded phase chromatography

PAN

Polyacrylonitrile

NBS

National Bureau of Standards

PAP

Pulmonary artery pressure

NCC

Noncoronary cusp

PAR

Photoactivation ratio

NCCLS

National Committee for Clinical

PARFR

Program for Applied Research on

Laboratory Standards; National

Fertility Regulation

Committee on Clinical Laboratory

PARR

Poetanesthesia recovery room

Standards

PAS

Photoacoustic spectroscopy

NCRP

National Council on Radiation Protection

PASG

Pneumatic antishock garment

NCT

Neutron capture theory

PBI

Penile brachial index

NEEP

Negative end-expiratory pressure

PBL

Positive beam limitation

NEMA

National Electrical Manufacturers

PBT

Polybutylene terephthalate

Association

PC

Paper chromatography; Personal

NEMR

Nonionizing electromagnetic radiation

computer; Polycarbonate

NEQ

Noise equivalent quanta

PCA

Patient controlled analgesia; Principal

NET

Norethisterone

components factor analysis

NEUT

Neutrophil

PCG

Phonocardiogram

NFPA

National Fire Protection Association

PCI

Physiological cost index

NH

Neonatal hepatitis

PCL

Polycaprolactone; Posterior chamber

NHE

Normal hydrogen electrode

lens

NHLBI

National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute

PCR

Percent regurgitation

NIR

Nonionizing radiation

PCRC

Perinatal Clinical Research Center

NIRS

National Institute for Radiologic Science

PCS

Patient care system

NK

Natural killer

PCT

Porphyria cutanea tarda

NMJ

Neuromuscular junction

PCWP

Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure

NMOS

N-type metal oxide silicon

PD

Peritoneal dialysis; Poly-p-dioxanone;

NMR

Nuclear magnetic resonance

Potential difference; Proportional and

NMS

Neuromuscular stimulation

derivative

NPH

Normal pressure hydrocephalus

PDD

Percent depth dose; Perinatal Data

NPL

National Physical Laboratory

Directory

NR

Natural rubber

PDE

Pregelled disposable electrodes

NRC

Nuclear Regulatory Commission

p.d.f.

Probability density function

NRZ

Non-return-to-zero

PDL

Periodontal ligament

NTC

Negative temperature coefficient

PDM

Pulse duration modulation

NTIS

National Technical Information Service

PDMSX

Polydimethyl siloxane

NVT

Neutrons versus time

PDS

Polydioxanone

NYHA

New York Heart Association

PE

Polyethylene

ob/gyn

Obstetrics and gynecology

PEEP

Positive end-expiratory pressure

OCR

Off-center ratio; Optical character

PEFR

Peak expiratory now rate

recognition

PEN

Parenteral and enteral nutrition

OCV

Open circuit voltage

PEP

Preejection period

OD

Optical density; Outside diameter

PEPPER

Programs examine phonetic find

ODC

Oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve

phonological evaluation records

ODT

Oxygen delivery truck

PET

Polyethylene terephthalate;

ODU

Optical density unit

Positron-emission tomography

OER

Oxygen enhancement ratio

PEU

Polyetherurethane

OFD

Object to film distance; Occiputo-frontal

PF

Platelet factor

diameter

PFA

Phosphonoformic add

OHL

Outer Helmholtz layer

PFC

Petrofluorochemical

OHP

Outer Helmholtz plane

PFT

Pulmonary function testing

OIH

Orthoiodohippurate

PG

Polyglycolide; Propylene glycol

xxviii

ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS

PGA

Polyglycolic add

PURA

Prolonged ultraviolet-A radiation

PHA

Phytohemagglutinin; Pulse-height

PUVA

Psoralens and longwave ultraviolet light

analyzer

photochemotherapy

PHEMA

Poly-2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate

P/V

Pressure/volume

PI

Propidium iodide

PVC

Polyvinyl chloride; Premature ventricular

PID

Pelvic inflammatory disease;

contraction

Proportional/integral/derivative

PVI

Pressure–volume index

PIP

Peak inspiratory pressure

PW

Pulse wave; Pulse width

PL

Posterior leaflet

PWM

Pulse width modulation

PLA

Polylactic acid

PXE

Pseudo-xanthoma elasticum

PLATO

Program Logic for Automated Teaching

QA

Quality assurance

Operations

QC

Quality control

PLD

Potentially lethal damage

R-BPC

Reverse bonded phase chromatography

PLED

Periodic latoralized epileptiform discharge

R/S

Radiopaque-spherical

PLT

Platelet

RA

Respiratory amplitude; Right arm

PM

Papillary muscles; Preventive

RAD

Right axis deviation

maintenance

RAE

Right atrial enlargement

PMA

Polymethyl acrylate

RAM

Random access memory

p.m.f.

Probability mass function

RAP

Right atrial pressure

PMMA

Polymethyl methacrylate

RAT

Right anterior temporalis

PMOS

P-type metal oxide silicon

RB

Right bundle

PMP

Patient management problem;

RBBB

Right bundle branch block

Poly(4-methylpentane)

RBC

Red blood cell

PMT

Photomultiplier tube

RBE

Relative biologic effectiveness

PO

Per os

RBF

Rose bengal fecal excretion

Po2

Partial pressure of oxygen

RBI

Resting baseline impedance

POBT

Polyoxybutylene terephthalate

RCBD

Randomized complete block diagram

POM

Polyoxymethylene

rCBF

Regional cerebral blood flow

POMC

Patient order management and

RCC

Right coronary cusp

communication system

RCE

Resistive contact electrode

POPRAS

Problem Oriented Perinatal Risk

R&D

Research and development

Assessment System

r.e.

Random experiment

PP

Perfusion pressure; Polyproplyene;

RE

Reference electrode

Postprandial (after meals)

REM

Rapid eye movement; Return electrode

PPA

Phonemic process analysis

monitor

PPF

Plasma protein fraction

REMATE

Remote access and telecommunication

PPM

Pulse position modulation

system

PPSFH

Polymerized phyridoxalated stroma-free

RES

Reticuloendothelial system

hemoglobin

RESNA

Rehabilitation Engineering Society of

PR

Pattern recognition; Pulse rate

North America

PRBS

Pseudo-random binary signals

RF

Radio frequency; Radiographic-

PRP

Pulse repetition frequency

nuoroscopic

PRO

Professional review organization

RFI

Radio-frequency interference

PROM

Programmable read only memory

RFP

Request for proposal

PS

Polystyrene

RFQ

Request for quotation

PSA

Pressure-sensitive adhesive

RH

Relative humidity

PSF

Point spread function

RHE

Reversible hydrogen electrode

PSI

Primary skin irritation

RIA

Radioimmunoassay

PSP

Postsynaptic potential

RM

Repetition maximum; Right masseter

PSR

Proton spin resonance

RMR

Resting metabolic rate

PSS

Progressive systemic sclerosis

RMS

Root mean square

PT

Plasma thromboplastin

RN

Radionuclide

PTB

Patellar tendon bearing orthosis

RNCA

Radionuclide cineagiogram

PTC

Plasma thromboplastin component;

ROI

Regions of interest

Positive temperature coefficient;

ROM

Range of motion; Read only memory

Pressurized personal transfer capsule

RP

Retinitis pigmentosa

PTCA

Percutaneous transluminal coronary

RPA

Right pulmonary artery

angioplasty

RPP

Rate pressure product

PTFE

Polytetrafluoroethylene

RPT

Rapid pull-through technique

PTT

Partial thromboplastin time

RPV

Right pulmonary veins

PUL

Percutaneous ultrasonic lithotripsy

RQ

Respiratory quotient

ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS

xxix

RR

Recovery room

SEBS

Surgical isolation barrier system

RRT

Recovery room time; Right posterior

SID

Source to image reception distance

temporalis

SIMFU

Scanned intensity modulated focused

RT

Reaction time

ultrasound

RTD

Resistance temperature device

SIMS

Secondary ion mass spectroscopy; System

RTT

Revised token test

for isometric muscle strength

r.v.

Random variable

SISI

Short increment sensitivity index

RV

Residual volume; Right ventricle

SL

Surgical lithotomy

RVH

Right ventricular hypertrophy

SLD

Sublethal damage

RVOT

Right ventricular outflow tract

SLE

Systemic lupus erythemotodes

RZ

Return-to-zero

SMA

Sequential multiple analyzer

SA

Sinoatrial; Specific absorption

SMAC

Sequential multiple analyzer with

SACH

Solid-ankle-cushion-heel

computer

SAD

Source-axis distance; Statistical

SMR

Sensorimotor

Analysis System

S/N

Signal-to-noise

SAINT

System analysis of integrated network

S:N/D

Signal-to-noise ratio per unit dose

of tasks

SNP

Sodium nitroprusside

SAL

Sterility assurance level; Surface

SNR

Signal-to-noise ratio

averaged lead

SOA

Sources of artifact

SALT

Systematic analysis of language

SOAP

Subjective, objective, assessment, plan

transcripts

SOBP

Spread-out Bragg peak

SAMI

Socially acceptable monitoring

SP

Skin potential

instrument

SPECT

Single photon emission computed

SAP

Systemic arterial pressure

tomography

SAR

Scatter-air ratio; Specific absorption rate

SPL

Sound pressure level

SARA

System for anesthetic and respiratory

SPRINT

Single photon ring tomograph

gas analysis

SPRT

Standard platinum resistance

SBE

Subbacterial endocarditis

thermometer

SBR

Styrene-butadiene rubbers

SPSS

Statistical Package for the Social Sciences

SC

Stratum corneum; Subcommittees

SQUID

Superconducting quantum interference

SCAP

Right scapula

device

SCE

Saturated calomel electrode; Sister

SQV

Square wave voltammetry

chromatid exchange

SR

Polysulfide rubbers

SCI

Spinal cord injury

SRT

Speech reception threshold

SCRAD

Sub-Committee on Radiation Dosimetry

SS

Stainless steel

SCS

Spinal cord stimulation

SSB

Single strand breaks

SCUBA

Self-contained underwater breathing

SSD

Source-to-skin distance; Source-to-surface

apparatus

distance

SD

Standard deviation

SSE

Stainless steel electrode

SDA

Stepwise discriminant analysis

SSEP

Somatosensory evoked potential

SDS

Sodium dodecyl sulfate

SSG

Solid state generator

S&E

Safety and effectiveness

SSP

Skin stretch potential

SE

Standard error

SSS

Sick sinus syndrome

SEC

Size exclusion chromatography

STD

Source-tray distance

SEM

Scanning electron microscope; Standard

STI

Systolic time intervals

error of the mean

STP

Standard temperature and pressure

SEP

Somatosensory evoked potential

STPD

Standard temperature pressure dry

SEXAFS

Surface extended X-ray absorption

SV

Stroke volume

fine structure

SVC

Superior vena cava

SF

Surviving fraction

SW

Standing wave

SFD

Source-film distance

TAA

Tumor-associated antigens

SFH

Stroma-free hemoglobin

TAC

Time-averaged concentration

SFTR

Sagittal frontal transverse rotational

TAD

Transverse abdominal diameter

SG

Silica gel

TAG

Technical Advisory Group

SGF

Silica gel fraction

TAH

Total artificial heart

SGG

Spark gap generator

TAR

Tissue-air ratio

SGOT

Serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase

TC

Technical Committees

SGP

Strain gage plethysmography;

TCA

Tricarboxylic acid cycle

Stress-generated potential

TCD

Thermal conductivity detector

SHE

Standard hydrogen electrode

TCES

Transcutaneous cranial electrical

SI

Le Syste`me International d’Unite´s

stimulation

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ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS

TCP

Tricalcium phosphate

UHMWPE

Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene

TDD

Telecommunication devices for the

UL

Underwriters Laboratory

deaf

ULF

Ultralow frequency

TDM

Therapeutic drug monitoring

ULTI

Ultralow temperature isotropic

TE

Test electrode; Thermoplastic elastomers

UMN

Upper motor neuron

TEAM

Technology evaluation and acquisition

UO

Urinary output

methods

UPTD

Unit pulmonary oxygen toxicity doses

TEM

Transmission electron microscope;

UR

Unconditioned response

Transverse electric and magnetic mode;

US

Ultrasound; Unconditioned stimulus

Transverse electromagnetic mode

USNC

United States National Committee

TENS

Transcutaneous electrical nerve

USP

United States Pharmacopeia

stimulation

UTS

Ultimate tensile strength

TEP

Tracheoesophageal puncture

UV

Ultraviolet; Umbilical vessel

TEPA

Triethylenepho-sphoramide

UVR

Ultraviolet radiation

TF

Transmission factor

V/F

Voltage-to-frequency

TFE

Tetrafluorethylene

VA

Veterans Administration

TI

Totally implantable

VAS

Visual analog scale

TICCIT

Time-shared Interaction Computer-

VBA

Vaginal blood volume in arousal

Controlled Information Television

VC

Vital capacity

TLC

Thin-layer chromatography; Total

VCO

Voltage-controlled oscillator

lung capacity

VDT

Video display terminal

TLD

Thermoluminescent dosimetry

VECG

Vectorelectrocardiography

TMJ

Temporomandibular joint

VEP

Visually evoked potential

TMR

Tissue maximum ratio; Topical

VF

Ventricular fibrillation

magnetic resonance

VOP

Venous occlusion plethysmography

TNF

Tumor necrosis factor

VP

Ventriculoperitoneal

TOF

Train-of-four

VPA

Vaginal pressure pulse in arousal

TP

Thermal performance

VPB

Ventricular premature beat

TPC

Temperature pressure correction

VPR

Volume pressure response

TPD

Triphasic dissociation

VSD

Ventricular septal defect

TPG

Transvalvular pressure gradient

VSWR

Voltage standing wave ratio

TPN

Total parenteral nutrition

VT

Ventricular tachycardia

TR

Temperature rise

VTG

Vacuum tube generator

tRNA

Transfer RNA

VTS

Viewscan text system

TSH

Thyroid stimulating hormone

VV

Variable version

TSS

Toxic shock syndrome

WAIS-R

Weschler Adult Intelligence

TTD

Telephone devices for the deaf

Scale-Revised

TTI

Tension time index

WAK

Wearable artificial kidney

TTR

Transition temperature range

WAML

Wide-angle mobility light

TTV

Trimming tip version

WBAR

Whole-body autoradiography

TTY

Teletypewriter

WBC

White blood cell

TUR

Transurethral resection

WG

Working Groups

TURP

Transurethral resections of the

WHO

World Health Organization; Wrist hand

prostrate

orthosis

TV

Television; Tidal volume; Tricuspid valve

WLF

Williams-Landel-Ferry

TVER

Transscleral visual evoked response

WMR

Work metabolic rate

TW

Traveling wave

w/o

Weight percent

TxB2

Thrombozame B2

WORM

Write once, read many

TZ

Transformation zone

WPW

Wolff-Parkinson-White

UES

Upper esophageal sphincter

XPS

X-ray photon spectroscopy

UP

Urea-formaldehyde

XR

Xeroradiograph

UfflS

University Hospital Information System

YAG

Yttrium aluminum garnet

UHMW

Ultra high molecular weight

ZPL

Zero pressure level