• Vocabulary

Task 5. Chose the best headline A-Е for each paragraph 1-5 (All the headlines will be used).

A	Will to live	Paragraph 1
B	Social norms	Paragraph 2
C	Main tasks	Paragraph 3
D	Gift of reflec­tion	Paragraph 4
E	The scope of interests	Paragraph 5

Task 6. Match the column A with column B.

	A		B
1	immediate	A	долати обмеження
2	Wanting	B	зважений
3	to overcome con­straints	C	потреба
4	an arrangement	D	накладати обмеження
5	an urge	E	негідний
6	a sting	F	можливий
7	Deliberate	G	сильне бажання
8	to impose	H	утримувати, заплутатися
9	Conceivable	I	безпосередній
10	to enmesh	J	правило

Task 7. Fill in the correct words from the previous exercise into the gaps below (not all words are needed).

1. Two con­clusions follow from this sociological argu­ment: human behaviour will change when social conditions change, and social condi­tions can be changed through ____________ action.

2. Sociologists also try to find the reason of ____________ problem.

3. Since human behaviour is affected by social structures, much of it is best explained not in terms of individual personality but as products of social ____________.

4. Ego­istic suicides are likely to occur when peo­ple become ____________ in the bonds that tie them to others.

5. The ____________to live be guided by socially struc­tured relationships and by culture, the be­liefs and ideas that characterize a society's way of life.

Task 8. Fill in the correct word from the box into the gaps below.

imagination affects emergent reality social networks interactions struggle behaviour latent functions assumptions

1. Sociology is the study of society – of the patterned ____________ among organized groups of people.

2. The sociological ____________ enables us to see the personal troubles of individuals as the results of impersonal social forces.

3. A social structure is an____________: the relationship among its members, not the nature of individual members, makes the structure what it is.

4. Specifi­cally, he showed that the rate of suicide is affected by the strength or looseness of the ____________ to which people belong.

5. Much social behaviour has unintended consequences, or ____________, as well as intended conse­quences, or manifest functions.

6. The ____________ of conflict theory are based largely on Karl Marx's theory of class con­flict.

7. Social or ____________ is a term used to categorize people in society according to social economic and educational status.

8. Symbolic interactionism emphasizes how the meaning those individuals give to social events and ____________ the way they behave.

9. Marx declared that all history is the history of class ____________.

10. Weber aimed at interpretive understanding of social ____________.

Task 9. Are the following statements about the text true (T) or false (F)?

1.	People try to improve themselves in case of undue behaviour.	T / F
2.	We can face nowadays progress due to strong will of people to change the world.	T / F
3.	Culture and social structures impose limits on sociologists.	T / F
4.	Bonds usually enmesh people inside their families.	T / F
5.	The main task of sociology is to understand human behaviour.	T / F

Task 10. Now look again at the text and find words in the paragraphs 1-5, which mean the same as:

a) ability (1)

b) govern (2)

c) circumambiency (2)

d) mapping (3)

e) disturb (3)

f) mankind (4)

g) hardly (4)

h) attempt (5)

i) slogan (5)

Task 11. Rearrange the letters to form a word used in the text, then match the word to its definition.

1	ogosicoyl		a one source of control over other people
2	cpnetsoc		b directing behaviour toward one an­other
3	urutcel		c shared expectations of how people should behave
4	fecunenli		d a set of shared ideas, or the customs, beliefs, and knowledge that characterize a so­ciety's way of life
5	ritaonicent		e the scientific study of the patterns of social interaction
6	wlsa		f in a social science research study, the group of people being studied
7	ornsm		g ideas that enable us to organize and in­terpret our experiences
8	apiouponlt		h norms that are enforced by the formal sanc­tions of the state

Task 12. Choose the best option to complete the sentences.

1. In paragraph 1 the "dissatisfied animals" are ____________

1. people who committed a suicide.

2. people who can change the world.

3. people who work hard for their future.

2. In paragraph 2 the phrase «nature controls nearly all the behaviour of other animals»suggests that people ____________

1. are not animals.

2. are dissatisfied animals.

3. can control nature.

3. In paragraph 3 the Socrates' statement "the unexam­ined life is not worth living" means that ____________

1. our life must be explored.

2. our life must be bright.

3. our life is the greatest value.

4. In paragraph 4 the expression "so­cial bonds" means ____________

1. social rules.

2. constraints – both natural and hu­man.

3. work and life inhibition.

5. In the final paragraph the statement "the promise of sociol­ogy" suggests that ____________

1. human beings can change the environment for the better.

2. human be­ings are to a large extent products of their social environment.

3. human be­ings in­fluence each other.

Task 13. Use the words from the right side to make the expressions with the words from the left side. Then translate them into Ukrainian.

human	groups
social	controls
philosophical	arrangements
powerful	alternative
willful	beings
conceivable	environment
social	reflec­tion