- •Міністерство освіти і науки україни
- •Мета навчання англійської мови студентів гуманітарних спеціальностей
- •What’s your learning style?
- •Sociology reinterpreted
- •Vocabulary
- •Task 7. Fill in the correct words from the previous exercise into the gaps below (not all words are needed).
- •In this unit we make review of Tenses, for more information see Reference 1
- •Begin with: c Have youused any expressions from the text in your summary?written 10 sentences?checked your spelling?checked punctuation and grammar?heck your work
- •Analysis of questionnaire
- •Let’s play the no-no game
- •The ethics of research
- •Vocabulary
- •Task 6. Fill in the correct words (not all words are needed) from the previous exercise into the gaps below.
- •In this unit we make review of Relative clauses, for more information see Reference 2
- •Forming a hypothesis
- •Interpreting the data
- •Begin with:
- •Vocabulary Task 4. Chose the best headline a-h for each paragraph 1-8 (All the headlines will be used).
- •Task 6. Fill in the correct words from the previous exercise into the gaps below (not all words are needed).
- •In this unit we make review of Passive Voice, for more information see Reference 3
- •A: company president b: sales clerk
- •C Have youused any expressions from the text in your summary?written 10 sentences?checked your spelling?checked punctuation and grammar?heck your work
- •Answers to quiz
- •Economy: historical overview. Social inequality
- •Vocabulary
- •Task 7. Fill in the correct words from the previous exercise into the gaps below (not all words are needed).
- •In this unit we make review of the Articles, for more information see Appendix 4
- •Idea, European, expensive project, thousand times, mp, economic crisis, ewe, honest decision, mba, academic year, yearly chart, honourable person, university, euphemism.
- •Views on inequality
- •1. I stay late at the office:
- •2. Regarding my job, my friends and family say:
- •3. I miss events with my family and friends due to work:
- •4. I find myself doing work tasks outside of the office:
- •5. If I need to take personal time off of work (for a doctor’s appointment or another personal obligation):
- •Time, work and leisure
- •Task 6. Fill in the correct words (not all words are needed) from the previous exercise into the gaps below.
- •In this unit we make review of Clauses, for more information see Appendix 5
- •Social movements and social conflicts
- •Vocabulary
- •Task 7. Fill in the correct words from the previous exercise into the gaps below (not all words are needed).
- •In this unit we make review of Reference words,For more information see Appendix 6
- •Begin with c Have youused any interesting expressions from the text in your summary?written 10 sentences?checked your spelling?checked punctuation and grammar?heck your work
- •Study skills answers
- •Education and equality
- •Vocabulary
- •Task 6. Fill in the correct words from the previous exercise into the gaps below (not all words are needed).
- •In this unit we make review of adjective, for more information see Appendix 7
- •Begin with: c Have youused any new expressions from the text in your summary?written 10 sentences?checked your spelling?checked punctuation and grammar?heck your work
- •The name game
- •Ideas are plants
- •Vocabulary
- •Task 7. Fill in the correct words from the previous exercise into the gaps below (not all words are needed).
- •In this unit we make review of Inversion, for more information see Reference 8
- •Begin with: c Have youused any interesting expressions from the text in your summary?written 10 sentences?checked your spelling?checked punctuation and grammar?heck your work
- •Suggested answers to task 2
- •Saving lives through social action
- •Vocabulary
- •Task 6. Fill in the correct wordsfrom the previous exercise into the gaps below (not all words are needed).
- •In this unit we make review of Reported Speech, for more information see Appendix 9
- •Are is has live can can’t will were was had lived could won’t would
- •Begin with: c Have youused any expressions from the text in your summary?written 10 sentences?checked your spelling?checked punctuation and grammar?heck your work
- •Unit 10
- •The seven rules of rhetoric
- •Vocabulary
- •Task 6. Fill in the correct words from the previous exercise into the gaps below (not all words are needed).
- •In this unit we continue review of Inversion and start review of Emphasis, for more information see Reference 10
- •Begin with: c Have youused any interesting expressions from the text in your summary?written 10 sentences?checked your spelling?checked punctuation and grammar?heck your work unit 11
- •How ambitious are you?
- •1. In ten years do you hope to:
- •2. In twenty years' time do you hope to:
- •Why marriage?: the universal functions of the family
- •Vocabulary
- •Task 6. Fill in the correct wordsfrom the previous exercise into the gaps below (not all words are needed).
- •In this unit we make review of Conditionals, for more information see Appendix 11
- •Begin with: c Have youused any interisting expressions from the text in your summary?checked your spelling?used any Conditionals?heck your work
- •Unit 12
- •Men versus women quiz
- •3. A study has found women are more sensitive to male body odours than vice versa because…
- •4. Studies have shown that women feel more pain than men. What is not a reason for this?
- •8. Pick the incorrect answer from these research findings about heterosexual infidelity…
- •Answers
- •1. Answer: c) Roughly the same amount, 16,000 words per day.
- •3. Answer: b) Women can detect body odour better than men when the smell is being disguised.
- •4. Answer: c) Women have fewer nerve receptors than men causing them to feel pain more acutely.
- •5. Answer: d) All of the above.
- •6. Answer: d) Gay men use a mixture of male and female navigating techniques.
- •7. Answer: b) Women use parts of their brain involved in language processing more than men to decipher jokes.
- •8. Answer: a) Women were more likely to believe that men have sex when they are in love.
- •9. Answer: b) It's a cultural belief, standardised testing shows no gender differences in maths performance.
- •10. Answer: c) As a member of a predominantly monogamous species men invest more energy in relationships.
- •Masculinity and femininity: socialized differences
- •Vocabulary
- •In this unit we make review of Gerund/Infinitive, for more information see Appendix 12
- •1. Breaking the speed limits is regarded by men as a minor offence.
- •Unit 13
- •Social control
- •Vocabulary
- •Task 6. Fill in the correct wordsfrom the previous exercise into the gaps below (not all words are needed).
- •In this unit we make review of Modal Forms, for more information see Appendix 13
- •1. Deviance should be defined as violation of expected rules and norms.
- •4. Аномальність має бути розглянута з точки зору групових інтересів.
- •Begin with: c Have youused any interesting expressions from the text in your summary?checked your spelling?used any Modal forms?heck your work
- •Grammar reference
- •Relative clauses
- •Passive voice
- •Articles
- •Clauses
- •Reference words
- •Adjective
- •Inversion
- •Reported speech
- •Emphasis
- •First Conditional: real possibility
- •Infinitive
- •The modals table
- •Literature
Passive voice
TENSES |
INDEFINITE |
CONTINOUS |
PERFECT |
PRESENT |
am is + V3 are Usually watches are mended here.
Usually the house is built for 2 years. |
am is + being + V3 are My watch is being mended now.
|
have has + been + V3 My watch has been already mended.
|
PAST |
was were + V3 My watch was mended yesterday.
|
was were + being + V3 My watch was being mended when I arrived.
|
had + been + V3 My watch had been mended by six o’clock yesterday.
This house had been built before I arrived.
|
FUTURE |
will + be + V3 My watch will be mended tomorrow.
This house will be built next year.
|
will + have + been + V3 My watch will have been mended by Tuesday.
This house will have been already built by January.
|
We use the passive:
When the person who does the action is unknown, unimportant, or obvious from the context
When the action itself is more important than the person who does it, as in news headlines, newspaper articles, formal notices, advertisements, instructions, processes, etc.
The seeds are planted months before the year’s wheat is harvested (process).
When we want to avoid taking responsibility for an action or when we refer to an unpleasant event and we refer to an unpleasant event and we do not want to say who or what is blame.
The window has been smashed (instead of “You have smashed the window”).
Changing from active into passive:
The object of the active sentence becomes the subject in the passive sentence.
The active verb remains in the same tense but changes into a passive form.
The subject of the active sentence becomes the agent, and is either introduced with the preposition by or is omitted.
|
Subject |
Verb |
Object |
ACTIVE |
My sister |
was driving |
the car. |
| |||
PASSIVE |
The car |
was being driven |
by my sister. |
|
Subject |
Verb |
Agent |
Only transitive verbs, i.e. verbs that take an object, can be changed into the passive.
Note: some transitive verbs such as have, fit, suit, resemble, etc., cannot be changed into the passive.
By + agent is used to say who or what carries out an action.
With + instrument/material/ingredient is used to say what the agent used.
The walls were covered with posters.
The agent can be omitted when the subject of the active sentence is one of the following words: people, one, someone/somebody, they, he, etc.
Somebody locked the front door → The front door was locked.
The agent is not omitted when it is a specific or important person or when it is essential to the meaning of the sentence.
This novel was written by Leo Tolstoy.
When we want to find out who or what did something, the passive question from is: who/what…by?
With verbs which take two objects such as bring, tell, send, show, teach, promise, buy, sell, read, offer, give, lend, we can form two different passive sentences.
In the passive, the preposition that follows a verb is placed immediately after the verb.
The verbs hear, help, see and make are followed by the bare infinitive in the active but by the to-infinitive in the passive.
But: hear, see, watch, + ing form(active and passive)
Active: They saw him swimming across the lake.
Passive: He was seen swimming across the lake.
Let becomes be allowed to in the passive.
Active: He lets me drive his car.
Passive: I am allowed to drive his car.
APPENDIX 4