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Файл:Практический курс английского языка лексико-грамматические упражнения и тесты
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Ты пришёл как раз вовремя. 4. Джона не было дома, когда
мы пришли. Он только что ушёл.
5. У обочины дороги стояла
машина. Она сломалась, и мы остановились, чтобы помочь
водителю.
7. Я не чувствовал голода, хотя я не ел достаточно долго.
8. Когда я приехал в свой родной город много лет спустя,
6. Я знаю её с детства, мы вместе учились в школе.
я увидел, что там многое изменилось. 9. Я был очень рад
встрече со своим старым другом — мы не виделись пять лет.
10. Когда я позвонил Джону, его не оказалось дома. Он был
на концерте.
XVI.
Выберите правильную форму глагола.
1. e police reported that nobody … in the explosion.
a) was injured b) had been
c) were injured
injured
2. e family … into the at ten days ago and next weekend
they are going to arrange a housewarming party.
a) have moved b) had moved c) moved
3. When the inspector arrived at the scene of the crime, the
cashier explained to him what … .
a) had happened b) happened c) has happened
4. Until what time … your parents … you to stay up when you
were ten?
a) had … allowed b) have … allowed c) did … allow
5. He explained that the reason he had not bought a car was
because it … too much.
a) cost b) costs c) has cost
6. Do you know who the mobile phone … by?
a) had been
b) was invented c) is invented
invent ed
51
7. When he returned home and unlocked his garage, he found
that his car … .
a) was missing b) had been
c) is missing
missing
8. She said that she was tired and … there any longer.
a) cannot stay b) won’t be able to
c) could not stay
stay
9. When I arrived at the party, the ompsons were not there,
they … home.
a) had gone b) went c) have gone
10. e windows … dirty. We had not cleaned them for a long
time.
a) are b) have been c) were
Будущее совершённое время
The Future Perfect Tense
Будущее совершённое время (the future perfect tense), в сравнении с будущим простым, может квалифицироваться как предбудущее (более раннее) действие, так как оно обозначает действие, заканчивающееся до начала другого действия в будущем
(более позднего будущего). Эта глагольная форма имеет те же
временны´е показатели, что и прошедшее совершённое, но только применительно к будущему: by two o’clock (tomorrow), by
the evening, by the end of the week (month, year) и так далее:
We will (We’ll) have fi nished the work by the end of the week.
I will (I’ll) have passed all exams by the beginning of June.
Более позднее будущее по отношению к будущему совершённому может быть выражено придаточным предложением времени,
в котором глагол принимает форму настоящего времени, употребляющегося в значении будущего:
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They will (They’ll) have returned by the time you come.
I will (I’ll) have informed her of the event before she gets
a letter from him.
XVII.
Поставьте глагол, данный в скобках, в форму будущего совершён-
ного времени.
1. We (to redecorate) our at before the children return home
from their holiday trip.
new at.
3. I (to visit) him before he leaves for Moscow. 4. e
2. By this time we (to move) into a
schoolchildren learn two poems by heart every week. So by the
end of the month they (to know) eight poems.
English irregular verbs by the exam, I promise you.
5. I (to learn) all
6. Let’s wait
for the results. By this time they (to forget) all about their troubles.
7. When you come to see us again next year, we already (to buy) a
new car.
you begin the new project.
new academic year begins.
8. I hope you (to discuss) with them all the details before
9. Let’s hope Bill (to recover) before the
10. I (to inform) you of our decision
by Sunday.
XVIII.
зави симости от ситуации будущее совершённое или будущее простое
время.
1. Я надеюсь, что к концу следующей недели мы встретимся.
2. К тому времени, когда вы вернётесь, мы уже решим
этот вопрос.
дождливая.
си тет, многое изменится.
опоздает.
надеемся, что всё будет хорошо.
до того, как посмотрю киноверсию.
вероятно, я приму участие в конференции.
Переведите предложения на английский язык, употребляя в
3. Мы не поедем за город, если погода будет
4. К тому времени, когда мы окончим универ-
5. Я думаю, что он, как всегда,
6. К началу мая мы уже закончим эту работу. 7. Мы
8. Я прочитаю этот роман
9. Я не знаю точно, но,
10. Через год к
этому времени я уже посещу шесть зарубежных стран.
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XIX.
Выберите правильную форму глагола.
1. Next May is Steve and Emma’s wedding anniversary. ey …
for ten years.
a) will be married b) are married c) will have been
married
2. When Robert … his examination, he is going to take up
windsur ng.
a) will pass b) passes c) has passed
3. We expect Anne … the job as she has skills and quali cations
necessary for the position.
a) will get b) is going to get c) will have got
4. If you continue spending the money so easily buying tri es,
by the end of your vacation you … of it.
a) will have run
b) will run out c) run out
out
5. Don’t worry if I … tonight; leave the key to the door under
the rug.
a) will be late b) am going to be
c) am late
late
6. Do you think the team … the match a er a series of unsuccess-
ful games?
a) will have won b) will win c) will be winning
7. When do you expect our boss to leave for New York for
negotiations? — He … next Monday.
a) will leave b) will have leaved c) will be leaving
8. I promise I’ll contact you as soon as I … .
a) arrive b) will arrive c) will have
arrived
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9. When … we know about the results of the job interview? —
We have some more applicants, and we’ll get in touch with
you within two days.
a) do b) will c) are … going to
10. Let’s take a taxi. If we go on foot, we will be late; by the time
we get to the theatre, the performance … .
a) will have
already started
b) will already
start
c) starts
Unit
FIVE
I.
Выберите наиболее подходящее слово или фразу для каждого пред-
ложения.
1. Holiday-makers are people who … .
a) arrange accom-
modation for
other people
2. He spent there a fortnight means … .
a) he was there
for forty nights
and days
3. One should swim every day to be in … .
a) good shape b) strong form c) t
b) enjoy their rest c) book tickets
for people
on holiday
b) he was there
for ten days
c) he was there
for two weeks
4. Yachting, swimming and … are water sports.
a) hang-gliding b) tobogganing c) windsur ng
5. “My home is my … ,” reads an English proverb.
a) castle b) fortress c) temple
6. To stay in a single room of a hotel means that the room is … .
a) for one person b) for one family c) without a bath
or shower
7. Children like to play … .
a) on the coast b) at the seaside c) on the beach
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8. ere are three popular styles of swimming: the butter y, the
crawl, and … .
a) the brass b) the breaststroke c) the throwing
9. If your trip lasts ten days, it is … .
a) a ten-dayed trip b) a ten-days trip c) a ten-day trip
10. To book a hotel means … .
a) to reserve
a room
in advance
II.
Прочитайте текст.
b) to pay for a room
in the hotel
The Boss’s Hat
c) to cancel your
reservation
before hand
I don’t usually play tricks on people. But when our boss, Mr. Budd,
bought himself a new hat, my friend had an idea that was impossible
to resist. Every day Mr. Budd would hang up his hat in the hallway
and disappear into his o ce. So one lunch time we went into town
and bought two hats identical to Mr. Budd’s, except that one was
much larger, and the other much smaller than his.
When we got back to the o ce, we took Mr. Budd’s hat o
the hook and replaced it with the large one. at evening he put
the hat on and went home, saying nothing to anyone in spite
of the fact that his hat was resting on his ears. e next day we
substituted the smaller hat for the large one, and Mr. Budd went
home with it sitting high on top of his head. He looked a bit
worried, but he still didn’t say a word to anyone.
is continued for a few weeks. Sometimes we would put
Mr. Budd’s original hat on the hook, sometimes one of the others.
Everyone in the o ce knew about the joke, except Mr. Budd.
Eventually he got so worried that he went to the doctor, convinced
that his head was growing and shrinking day by day.
(David McKeegan. First Certi cate Pass Key.
Grammar Practice with Key. —
Oxford : Heinemann ELT, 1998. P. 81.)
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Отметьте высказывания плюсом или минусом в зависимости от того, соответствуют они содержанию текста (+) или нет (–).
1. Mr. Budd’s colleagues bought their boss two hats as a birthday
present. 2. ey bought identical hats of di erent size, one was
much larger and the other much smaller than Mr. Budd’s real
3. ey took the hat that their boss had bought himself o
size.
the hook and threw it away. 4. Every day they hung up on the
hook in the hallway either a smaller or larger hat, which the boss
put on leaving the o ce for home. 5. Each time he didn’t feel at
ease but said nothing to anybody. 6. e colleagues played the
trick on their boss for a few weeks. 7. At last Mr. Budd made up
his mind to consult a psychiatrist as he thought he was going
mad.
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ПРОДОЛЖЕННЫЕ (ДЛИТЕЛЬНЫЕ) ВРЕМЕНА
THE CONTINUOUS TENSES
Настоящее продолженное время
The Present Continuous Tense
Группа времён continuous обозначает действие в развитии,
кото рое совершается в определённый момент в настоящем,
прошедшем или будущем. Это действие незавершённое и за-
фиксировано только в какой-то один момент.
Настоящее продолженное время (the present continuous tense)
указывает на длительное действие, происходящее в момент
речи. Этот момент может быть обозначен наречием now, или он
может быть очевиден из ситуации. Чтобы сравнить настоящее
длительное с настоящим простым временем, нужно помнить,
что последнее обозначает действие, которое совершается во-
обще (не сейчас), регулярно, время от времени:
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Students learn English at higher schools (in general).
Don’t disturb him; he is learning English for his exam (now).
Форма настоящего продолженного времени выражается моде-
лью to be (в настоящем простом) + ing-форма основного гла-
гола:
I am doing something; He (she, it) is doing something; We (you,
they) are doing something.
III.
Предположим, что сейчас вы находитесь в парке. Опишите, что там
происходит в этот момент, используя предложенные фразы. Первое предложение дано в качестве образца.
1. e sun / to shine brightly. — e sun is shining brightly.
2. A gentle breeze / to blow. 3. Some elderly people / to sit on
the benches. 4. Little children / to play on the playground.
5. One boy / to jog. 6. Two teenagers / to ride a bicycle. 7. A little
girl / to walk her dog. 8. Young people / to play basketball. 9. An
old man / to read a newspaper. 10. Two women / to talk to one
another.
IV.
Теперь вы в читальном зале. Что там происходит? Опишите ситуа-
цию, используя следующие выражения:
to turn over the pages, to revise for a report, to borrow books,
to examine diagrams and schemes in the book, to look for the
necessary books on the shelf, to look through the catalogue, to
think over some problem, to make notes, to ask a librarian about
something, to laugh at a funny story.
В отрицательных предложениях с глаголом в настоящем продолженном времени в зависимости от грамматического лица
и числа подлежащего глагол принимает форму am (is, are) not
doing.
59
V.
Отреагируйте на следующее утверждение, используя отрицательную
форму предложенного глагола. Первое предложение дано в качестве образца.
1. John is revising for his exam. / To watch TV. — No, he
isn’t revising for his exam. He is watching TV.
heavily outside. / To drizzle.
sleeping. / To laugh.
a magazine.
have lunch.
5. ey are conducting a test in the laboratory. / To
6. Perhaps he is waiting for you there. / To drink
beer in the bar.
forest. / To sit at home.
dinner.
9. I think the police o cer is nishing his interrogation.
/ To begin only.
4. George is working in his study. / To read
7. e children are enjoying their time in the
8. She is cooking dinner. / To serve the
10. Peter is sur ng the Internet. / To e-mail his
3. I think the children are fast
2. It is raining
friend.
В вопросительных предложениях с глаголом в настоящем продолженном времени используется модель Are you (we, they)
doing …? Is he (she, it) doing …? Am I doing …?
VI.
Спросите у своего собеседника:
1) if it is raining outside;
2) if the sun is shining now;
3) if the wind is blowing;
4) if the weather is changing a bit now;
5) what he (she) is thinking about at the moment;
6) why he (she) is wearing these clothes;
7) what the student next to him (her) is doing now;
8) who is sitting at the last desk;
9) if they are listening to the teacher attentively;
10) what is going on in his (her) at now.
Пусть он (она) ответит на вопросы.
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