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I. Learn and reproduce the following dialogue.

A: Its^quite a 'big »house. 'How many 'floors ,are there? B: 'Three altogether, ^and a ^basement. There's the 'sitting- '": room, and the 'kitchen ^ on the ground ,floor, | 'three •rooms on the /next -floor, | and 'three on the 'top ,floor. C: And лту 'study ^ is in the 'basement. B: There's a 'small 'garden at the ,back | 'too. u< A: Well, | its a 'lovely .house. ^ C: 'Yes, | ~*we -like it »too. "But there's 'one ,thing... A: What's'that? C: 'Too ,many 'stairs. '< A: "The "stairs!

(From "Opening Strategies" by B. Abbs and I. Freebairn) IK' Read the text according to the intonation marked.

SHARING A FLAT Sharing a \flat I 'certainly 'has some ad'vantages. Tobe'gin/withJ it should be 'cheaper, | and if you are ' sharing with 'people | that you 'get "on 'well,with, | it is ' nice to 1 have some 'company at >home ^' rather than 'being a'lone | and 'all on your 'own. 'Also | the 'household »chores are ^shared, | and ,that is' very im'portant. Particularly 1, when /он are »younger, | and you are 'living a'part from your 'parents | for he 'first .time, | it can be 'very enjoyable ^ to live with .people | of /our own »age, | whose 'interests | and 'life-style you .share. Hlow'ever, | 'sharing a »flat | 'does ,have some dis'tinct disad­vantages I and the 'main one | is that the 'flat is 'not your »own. So /ou 'cannot ,do what you »want /in it. 'What 'happens if your 'flat- nate .wants to'play »music? To a'certain ex.tent ^ou 'have to be in'selfish. 'What is 'more | there can be 'little »privacy. I would%say>that ^ 'as you get »older, ^ it is 'probably 'better | to live on your »own. , Having had my -own 'flat for a -few .years ^ 1 vould 'not 'like to 'have to »share a,gain.

(From "Headway Intermediate")

III. Learn the poem.

MY HEART'S IN THE HIGHLANDS

by R. Burns

My 'heart's in the 'Highlands My 'heart is not »here. My 'heart's in the 'Highlands A'phasing the »deer 'Chasing the 'wild 'deer And 'following the 'roe My 'heart's in the 'Highlands Wher'ever I .go.

'Fare'well to the 'Highlands ' Fare'well to the 'North The 'birthplace of »Valour The 'country of »Worth. Wher'ever I 'wander, | wher'ever I 'rove The ' Hills of the 'Highlands ^ for'ever 1 4ove. ' Fare'well to the 'mountains ^ high ' covered with 4snow Fare'well to the 'straths ^ and 'green -valleys bejow; 'Fare-well to the 'forests ^ and 'wild-'hanging 'woods; 'Fare'well to the 'torrents I and 'loud-'pouring .floods.IV. Learn the words of these Christmas songs.

WE WISH YOU A MERRY CHRISTMAS

(Traditional)

We wish you a Merry Christmas We wish you a Merry Christmas We wish you a Merry Christmas у! And a Happy New Year.

Good tidings to you wherever you are Good tidings for Christmas and a Happy New Year. , We wish you a Merry Christmas

We wish you a Merry Christmas We wish you a Merry Christmas And a Happy New Year. Good tidings to you wherever you are Good tidings for Christmas and a Happy New Year. JINGLE BELLS

by John Dirpont Dashing through the snow, in a one-horse open sleigh, O'er the fields we go, laughing all the way. Bells on bobtail ring, making spirits bright, What fun it is to ride and sing a sleighing song tonight!

CHORUS: Jingle bells, jingle bells, jingle all the way. 1 Oh! What fun it is to ride in a one-horse open sleigh! Jingle bells, jingle bells, jingle all the way. Oh! What fun it is to ride in a one-horse open sleigh!

A day or two ago, I thought I'd take a ride, And soon Miss Fannie Bright was sitting by my side, i ( The horse was lean and lank, misfortune was his lot. He got into a snowdrift bank and we? We got upshot! (CHORUS)

So now the moon is bright, enjoy it while you're young. Invite your friends tonight to sing this sleighing song. Just get a bob-tailed nag and give him extra feed. Then hitch him to an open sleigh and crack! You'll take the lead! (CHORUS)

SECTION IV

  1. Consonant clusters with [r], Combinations of voiceless conso­nants with [r], Combinations of alveolar and interdental conso­nants with [г].

  2. Two-stress rhythm. Structures with two stressed syllables and intervening unstressed ones.

  3. Intonation of Direct Address.

1. CONSONANT CLUSTERS with [r]

Combinations of voiceless consonants with [r]

[tr, pr, kr, str, skr, 0r, fr, sr ]

In the clusters of voiceless consonants with the sonorant [r] complete or partial devoicing of the sonorant takes place — progressive assimilation affecting the work of the vocal cords.

The sound [r] is completely or almost completely devoiced when it is preceded by a voiceless plosive consonant [p, t, k] in a stressed syllable: train, £ride, cry. In an unstressed position, at a word boundary or when [p, t, k] are preceded by |s] the devoicing of [r] is partial: waitress, temperature, spread, quite right. A similar effect (of partial devoicing) both in stressed and unstressed syllables is produced when [r] is preceded by a fricative consonant: friend, Geoffrey, shrewd, three, fruit.

Combinations of alveolar and interdental consonants with [r]

[tr, dr, вг, бг]

257

In some of these clusters assimilation affecting the place and the manner of articulation can be observed. Thus under the influence of the post-alveolar [r] the alveolar con­sonants ft, d] in the clusters [tr, dr] become post-alveolar. The clusters [tr, dr] are actually characterized by double (reciprocal) assimilation since the sonorant [r] is modified as well: under the influence of the noise consonants [t, d] it becomes fricative, and after [t], as was mentioned above, it is also devoiced.

4 lat. 21 IT

In the clusters [9r, 8r] the post-alveolar frictionless sound [r] iss often replaced by an alveolar tap, or a flapped variety of [r}: a singlee brief tap is made by the tip of the tongue on the teethridge. In thee cluster [Or], besides, there is partial devoicing of the sonorant [г].

SOUND DRILLS

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