Chapter
1
Definitions
Introduction |
3 |
Air Law |
3 |
Abbreviations . . . . |
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Definitions |
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1 Definitions
Definitions 1
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Definitions 1
Introduction
The content of the CAE Oxford Aviation Law Course meets the requirements of the EASA FCL syllabus (Subject 010 – Air Law) and the associated Learning Objectives (LOs). The main reference documents are the Annexes to the Convention on International Aviation (The Chicago Convention) and the associated PAN documents. Additional references are taken from EASA Part-FCL and EASA Part-MED.
Air Law
The subject of Air Law is a misnomer. The content of the subject is effectively airmanship with the addition of information concerning some of the international conventions that have been adopted to regularize the administration of aviation and the aviation industry. The subject matter is diverse ranging from international agreements through the rules of the air, flight crew licensing, instrument procedures, ATC and the physical characteristics of aerodromes. A student does not need to be a lawyer to pass this subject. Most of the requirements are common sense, the majority of which will be familiar to a PPL holder. The ab initio student should approach the subject from the ‘need to know’ principle and be guided by the examination feedback as well as the syllabus. The end of chapter questions are based on examination questions and should give the student a feel for the level of knowledge required on completion of the course.
Abbreviations
Air Law, perhaps more than any other subject, is inundated with abbreviations, some of which are examinable. Where this is the case, the abbreviations are specified in the appropriate chapter and ‘decoded.’ The following is a list (not exhaustive) of abbreviations commonly used in aviation.
AAIB |
Air Accident Investigation Board |
AAL |
Above Aerodrome Level |
ABIP |
Advisory Body of Interested Parties |
ABN |
Aerodrome Beacon |
a/c |
Aircraft |
ACC |
Area Control Centre |
AD |
Airworthiness Directive |
ADA |
Advisory Airspace |
ADF |
Automatic Direction Finding |
ADO |
Approved Design Organization |
ADR |
Advisory Route |
ADT |
Approved Departure Time |
AFI |
Assistant Flying Instructor |
AFIS |
Aerodrome Flight Information Service |
AFS |
Aeronautical Fixed Service |
AFTN |
Aeronautical Fixed Telecommunications Network |
AGL |
Above Ground Level |
AGNA |
Advisory Group of National Authorities |
AIC |
Aeronautical Information Circular |
AIP |
Aeronautical Information Publication |
AIREP |
Air Report |
AIS |
Aeronautical Information Service |
a/l |
Airline |
ALT |
Altitude |
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AMC |
Acceptable Means of Compliance |
AME |
Aero Medical Examiner |
AMO |
Approved Maintenance Organization |
AMOSS |
Airline Maintenance and Operation Support System |
AMSL |
Above Mean Sea Level |
AMT |
Approved Maintenance Training |
ANO |
Air Navigation Order |
A-NPA |
Advance Notice of Proposed Amendment |
AOC |
Air Operator’s Certificate |
A/P |
Autopilot |
APO |
Approved Production Organization |
APU |
Auxiliary Power Unit |
ARC |
Airworthiness Review Certificate |
ARP |
Aerodrome Reference Point |
ARN |
ATS Route Network |
ASDA |
Accelerate-Stop Distance Available |
ASL |
Above Sea Level |
ASR |
Altimeter Setting Region |
ATAS |
Air Traffic Advisory Service |
ATC |
Air Traffic Control |
ATCC |
Air Traffic Control Centre |
ATCU |
Air Traffic Control Unit |
ATCRU |
Air Traffic Control Radar Unit |
ATFM |
Air Traffic Flow Management |
ATIS |
Automatic Terminal Information Service |
ATM |
Air Traffic Management |
ATO |
Approved Training Organization |
ATS |
Air Traffic Service |
ATSU |
Air Traffic Service Unit |
ATTCS |
Automatic Take-off Thrust Control System |
ATZ |
Air Traffic Zone |
AUW |
All Up Weight |
AWD |
Airworthiness Division |
AWO |
All Weather Operations |
AWY |
Airway |
BEA |
Bureau d’Enquêtes Accidents (French equivalent of NTSB) |
BR |
Basic Regulation |
CAA |
Civil Aviation Authority |
CAME |
Continuous Airworthiness Maintenance Exposition |
CANP |
Civil Aviation Notification Procedure |
CAS |
Controlled Airspace |
CAT |
Commercial Air Transport |
CDFA |
Constant Descent Final Approach |
CF |
Certification |
CJAA |
Central Joint Aviation Authorities |
C of A |
Certificate of Airworthiness |
COM |
(European) Commission |
CRD |
Comment Response Document |
CRI |
Certification Review Item |
CRS |
Certificate of Release to Service |
CS |
Certification Specification |
CSP |
Certification Standardization Panel |
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Definitions 1
CTR |
Control Zone |
DA |
Decision Altitude |
db |
Decibel (acoustic measurement unit) |
DF |
Direction Finding |
DG TREN |
Directorate-General for Transport and Energy (European Commission) |
DH |
Decision Height |
DME |
Distance Measuring Equipment |
DOA |
Design Organization Approval |
DOE |
Design Organization Exposition |
DR |
Dead Reckoning |
E |
Engine |
EASA |
European Aviation Safety Agency |
EAT |
Expected Approach Time |
EC |
European Commission |
ECAC |
European Civil Aviation Conference |
ED |
Emergency Distance |
EET |
Estimated Elapsed Time |
ELT |
Emergency Location Transmitter |
EPA |
European Part Approval |
EPIRB |
Emergency Position Indicating Radio Beacon |
EPR |
Environmental Protection Requirements |
ER |
Essential Requirements |
ETA |
Estimated Time of Arrival |
ETSO |
European Technical Standard Order |
ETSOa |
European Technical Standard Order authorization |
ETOPS |
Extended Twin Jet Operations |
EU |
European Union |
FAA |
Federal Aviation Administration |
FAL |
Facilitation of Air Transport |
FAT |
Final Approach Track |
FCL |
Flight Crew Licensing |
FFS |
Full Flight Simulator |
FI |
Flying Instructor |
FIR |
Flight Information Region |
FIS |
Flight Information Service |
FL |
Flight Level |
FLPFM |
Foot Launched Powered Flying Machine |
FTD |
Flight Training Device |
FTL |
Flight Time Limitations |
GA |
General Aviation |
GASIL |
General Aviation Safety Information Leaflet |
GCA |
Ground Controlled Approach |
GM |
Guidance Material |
GMT |
Greenwich Mean Time |
GPS |
Global Positioning System |
H24 |
Day and Night Operating Hours |
HF |
High Frequency |
Hz |
Hertz Radio Frequency |
IAS |
Indicated Air Speed |
Ibn |
Identification Beacon |
ICAO |
International Civil Aviation Organization |
IFR |
Instrument Flight Rules |
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ILS |
Instrument Landing System |
IMC |
Instrument Meteorological Conditions |
IPC |
Illustrated Parts Catalogue |
IR |
Implementing Rules |
IR |
Instrument Rating |
IRE |
Instrument Rating Examiner |
IRVR |
Instrument Runway Visual Range |
ISA |
International Standard Atmosphere |
JAA |
Joint Aviation Authorities |
JAR |
Joint Aviation Requirements |
k |
thousand |
kHz |
Kilohertz |
KIAS |
Indicated Airspeed in Knots |
kt |
Knots (nautical miles/ hour) |
LAPL(A) |
Light Aircraft Pilot Licence (Aeroplanes) |
LARS |
Lower Airspace Radar Service |
LATCC |
London Air Traffic Control Centre |
LDA |
Landing Distance Available |
LHA |
Lowest Holding Altitude |
LF |
Low Frequency |
LHA |
Lowest holding altitude |
LoA |
Letter of Agreement |
MATZ |
Military Air Traffic Zone |
MB |
Management Board (EASA) |
MCC |
Multi-crew Co-operation |
MDH |
Minimum Descent Height |
MEHT |
Minimum Eye Height (PAPIs) |
MEL |
Minimum Equipment List |
METAR |
Aviation Routine Weather Report |
MF |
Medium Frequency |
MHz |
Megahertz |
MMEL |
Master Minimum Equipment List |
MNPS |
Minimum Navigation Performance Specification |
MOA |
Maintenance Organization Approval |
MoC |
Means of Compliance |
MoD |
Ministry of Defence |
MOE |
Maintenance Organization Exposition |
MOM |
Maintenance Organization Manual (Subpart F) |
MOTNE |
Meteorological Operational Telecommunications Network |
MRSA |
Mandatory Radar Service Area |
MSA |
Member States Administration |
MS |
Member State (of the European Community) |
MTOA |
Maintenance Training Organization Approval |
MTOE |
Maintenance Training Organization Exposition |
MTOM |
Maximum Take-off Mass |
MTOP |
Maximum Take-off Power |
MTWA |
Maximum Take-off Weight Authorized |
NAA |
National Aviation Authority |
NAPs |
Noise Abatement Procedures |
NAV |
Navigation |
NATS |
National Air Traffic Services |
NDB |
Non-directional Beacon |
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NDB(L) |
Locator (a low-powered NDB serving approaches) |
NOH |
Notified Operating Hours |
NOSIG |
No Significant Change |
NOTAM |
Notice to Airmen |
NPA |
Notice of Proposed Amendment |
OCA |
Oceanic Control Area |
OCA |
Obstacle Clearance Altitude |
OCH |
Obstacle Clearance Height |
OCL |
Obstacle Clearance Limit |
OCP |
Organizations Certification Procedure |
OEM |
Original Equipment Manufacturer |
OIS |
Obstacle Identification Surface |
Ops |
Operations |
P |
Propeller |
PAD |
Proposed Airworthiness Directive |
|
Part 145 |
|
Part 21 |
|
Part 22 |
PANS |
Procedures for Air Navigation |
PAR |
Precision Approach Radar |
PAPI |
Precision Approach Path Indicator |
Pax |
Passengers |
PCM |
Project Certification Manager |
PCP |
Products Certification Procedure |
PIC |
Pilot-in-command |
PICUS |
Pilot-in-command Under Supervision |
POA |
Production Organization Approval |
POE |
Production Organization Exposition |
PPA |
Products, Parts and Appliances |
PT |
Public Transport |
RCC |
Rescue Co-ordination Centre |
RG |
Rulemaking |
RIA |
Regulatory Impact Assessment |
RIS |
Radar Information Service |
RLCE |
Request Level Change En route |
RNOTAM |
Royal NOTAM |
RP |
Responsible Party |
RTA |
Request for Technical Advice |
RTF |
Radio Telephony |
RTOW |
Regulated Take-off Weight |
RTG |
Radio Telegraphy |
RTR |
Radar Termination Range |
RVR |
Runway Visual Range |
RVSM |
Reduced Vertical Separation Minima |
Rwy |
Runway |
SAR |
Search and Rescue |
SARP |
ICAO Standards and Recommended Practices |
SARSAT |
Search and Rescue Satellite Tracking System |
SDF |
Step-down Fix |
SELCAL |
Selective Calling |
Sfc |
Surface |
SID |
Standard Instrument Departure |
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SIGMET |
Significant Meteorological Warning |
SNOCLO |
Closed by Snow |
SoD |
State of Design |
SoR |
State of Registry |
SPECI |
Special Met Report |
SPIC |
Student Pilot-in-command |
SPL |
Supplementary Flight Plan |
SSCC |
Safety Standards Consultative Committee |
SSR |
Secondary Surveillance Radar |
STAR |
Standard Instrument Arrival |
STC |
Supplemental Type Certificate |
STD |
Synthetic Training Device |
STCH |
STC Holder |
SVFR |
Special Visual Flight Rules |
TAF |
Aerodrome Meteorological Forecast |
TAS |
True Airspeed |
TC |
Type Certificate |
TCA |
Terminal Control Area |
TCDS |
Type Certificate Data Sheet |
TCH |
Type Certificate Holder |
TMA |
Terminal Manoeuvring Area |
TMG |
Touring Motor Glider |
ToA |
Terms of Approval |
TODA |
Take-off Distance Available |
TOM |
Take-off Minima |
ToR |
Terms of Reference |
TORA |
Take-off Run Available |
TP |
Turning Point |
TR |
Type Rating |
TRE |
Type Rating Examiner |
TL |
Transition Level |
TVOR |
Terminal VHF Omni-ranging |
TVP |
Type Validation Principles |
Twr |
Tower (Aerodrome Control) |
UAV |
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle |
UHF |
Ultra High Frequency |
UIR |
Upper Information Region |
U/s |
Unserviceable |
UTC |
Co-ordinated Universal Time |
VASI |
Visual Approach Slope Indicator |
VFR |
Visual Flight Rules |
VHF |
Very High Frequency |
VLA |
Very Light Aeroplane |
VLR |
Very Light Rotorcraft |
VMC |
Visual Meteorological Conditions |
VOR |
VHF Omni-ranging |
VSTOL |
Very Short Take-off and Landing |
WA |
Working Arrangement |
WEF |
With Effect From |
WG |
Working Group |
WIP |
Work in Progress |
Wpt |
Waypoint |
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