•200 hours cross-country flight time of which 100 hours shall be as PIC or PICUS

•75 hours of instrument time of which not more than 30 hours may be instrument ground time and

•100 hours of night flight as PIC or co-pilot

Note: of the 1500 hours of flight time, up to 100 hours of flight time may have been completed in an FFS and FNPT. Of these 100 hours, only a maximum of 25 hours may be completed in an FNPT.

Crediting

Holders of a pilot licence for other categories of aircraft shall be credited with flight time up to a maximum of:

•For TMG or sailplanes, 30 hours flown as PIC

•For helicopters, 50% of all the flight time requirements specified above

Skills test

Applicants shall pass a skills test to demonstrate the ability to perform, as PIC of a multi-pilot aeroplane, under IFR.

Ratings

5.17Instrument Rating – Aeroplanes IR(A)

General

Operations under IFR on an aeroplane shall only be conducted by holders of a PPL(A), CPL(A), MPL and ATPL(A) with an IR appropriate to the category of aeroplane or when undergoing skills testing or dual instruction.

Privileges

•The privilege to fly an aeroplane under IFR with a minimum decision height of 200 ft (60 m)

•In the case of a multi-engine IR(A), the above privilege may be extended to decision heights of lower than 200 ft (60 m) as long as the applicant has undergone specific training at an ATO and has passed the necessary skills test

Prerequisites and crediting

Applicants shall hold at least:

•a PPL(A) with a night rating or

•an ATPL(A) in another category of aeroplane or

•a CPL in the appropriate aeroplane category

and

have completed at least 50 hours of cross-country as PIC of aeroplanes of which at least 10 hours shall be in the relevant aeroplane category.

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Theoretical knowledge and flight instruction

Course

Applicants must have received a course of both theoretical knowledge and flight instruction at an ATO. The course may be either integrated or modular.

Applicants must sit an examination of theoretical knowledge in the following subjects:

Air Law

Aircraft General Knowledge – Instrumentation

Flight Performance and Monitoring

Human Performance

Meteorology

Radio Navigation

IFR Communications

Skills Test

Applicants must pass a skills test in accordance with Appendix 7 of Part-FCL.

Validity

An IR(A) shall be valid for 1 year.

Revalidation

•an IR(A) shall be revalidated within 3 months immediately preceding the expiry date of the IR(A)

•should an applicant fail the IR proficiency check before the expiry date of the IR(A), he/she may not exercise the IR privileges until he/she has passed the proficiency check

•if the IR(A) has expired, refresher training at an ATO is required before the applicant may take the proficiency check again

•if the IR(A) has not been revalidated or renewed within the preceding 7 years, the holder will be required to pass again the IR theoretical knowledge examination and skill test

•An FNPT II or an FFS may be used for revalidation, but each alternate proficiency check must be performed in an aeroplane

5.18Class & Type Ratings

Circumstances in which class or type ratings are required

Holders of a pilot licence shall not act in any capacity as pilots of an aircraft unless they have a valid and appropriate class or type rating – except when undergoing skills tests, proficiency checks or receiving flight instruction

Requirements for the issue of class or type ratings

•Theoretical and flight training must take place at an ATO

•The skills test must be passed within 6 months after the commencement of the course. Also within 6 months preceding the application for a class or type rating

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Validity

•class or type ratings are generally valid for 1 year

•however, a single-pilot single-engine class rating is valid for 2 years

•if the type or class rating has expired, refresher training at an ATO is required before the applicant may take the proficiency check again

Revalidation for multi-engine class and type ratings

•The proficiency check must be passed within 3 months immediately preceding the expiry date of the rating

•The revalidation of an IR(A) may be combined with a proficiency check for the revalidation of a class or type rating

Experience requirements for the issue of class or type ratings – aeroplanes

Single-pilot multi-engine aeroplanes

• at least 70 hours as PIC on aeroplanes

Multi-pilot aeroplanes

•at least 70 hours of flight experience as PIC on aeroplanes

•hold a multi-engine IR(A)

•have passed the ATPL(A) theoretical examinations

•hold a certificate of satisfactory completion of an MCC course in aeroplanes

5.19Night Rating – aeroplanes

This rating is to allow PPL(A) holders to fly in VFR conditions at night.

Theoretical and flight instruction must be undergone at an ATO and at least:

•5 hours of flight time in the appropriate category of aeroplane at night, including at least 3 hours of dual instruction, including 1 hour of cross-country flight of at least 50 km and 5 solo take-offs and 5 solo full-stop landings.

Certificates

5.20Instructor Certificate – aeroplanes

General

A person shall only carry out:

1.flight instruction in an aeroplane when he/she holds:

•a pilot licence and

•an instructor certificate appropriate to the instruction given

2.synthetic flight instruction or MCC instruction when he/she holds an instructor certificate appropriate to the instruction given

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Prerequisites and requirements

Minimum age: 18

An instructor must hold the licence, and where relevant, the rating for which the flight instruction is to be given.

He/she is to have:

•completed at least 15 hours of flight as a pilot on the class or type of aeroplane on which instruction is to be given, of which a maximum of 7 hours may be in an FSTD or

•passed an assessment of competence for the relevant category of instructor on that class or type of aeroplane

•the entitlement to act as PIC on the aeroplane during such flight instruction

Training course

The applicant must have undertaken theoretical and flight training at an ATO in accordance to Part-FCL.

Assessment of competency

The applicant for an instructor certificate must pass an assessment of competency to instruct a student pilot to the level required for the issue of the relevant licence, rating or certificate.

Validity

An instructor certificate is valid for 3 years.

Specific requirements for a flight instructor (FI)

Of note are:

•in order to instruct for a CPL, the FI must have completed at least 500 hours of flight time as pilot on that category, including at least 200 of flight instruction

•in order to instruct for an IR, the FI must have:

•at least 200 hours of flight time under IFR, of which 50 hours may be instrument ground time

•completed, as a student pilot, the IR training course and passed the assessment of competence for the IRI certificate

•for multi-engine aeroplanes, met the requirements of the issue of a class rating instructor (CRI)

5.21Examiner Certificate (Aeroplanes) - FE(A)

General

Holders of an examiner certificate shall:

•hold an equivalent licence, rating or certificate to the ones for which they are authorized to conduct skills tests, proficiency checks or assessments of competence and the privilege to instruct for them

•be qualified to act as PIC on the aeroplane during the skills test, proficiency check or assessment of competence

•undertake a standardization course at an ATO or provided by the competent authority