Management

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If the leader is good, the followers will be good.

UNIT 1 WHAT IS MANAGEMENT

DISCUSSION

What is management? Is it an art or a science? An instinct or a set of skills and techniques that

can be taught?

Text 1

Art or science?

Vocabulary

ever-more- complex environment– как никогда сложная окружающая обстановка

to achieve certain goals – достигать определенных целей

encompasses – включает в себя

in designing and constructing – при разработке и создании

draw on– полагаться (опираться) на что-либо; использовать

behavioral sciences – поведенческие науки

in handling people – в умении управлять

subjective judgment– субъективное мнение

skill– мастерство, умение

stagnancy– стагнация, застой

inability to pass on learning – невозможность продолжать обучение

business executive– руководитель предприятия

forecasting– прогнозирование

commanding– управление

co-ordinating – координирование, согласование

in charge of running a business –ответственный за ведение дел; управление предприятием

Ever since the Industrial Revolution brought workers from small shops into large factories, management has become required. Only during the last hundred years, however, industrial management has grown into a highly organized set of modern methods for achieving efficiency. Thus, management is a new institution in human history, and it has already become vitally important for the success of all kinds of business and of national economies.

Management is the art and science of making appropriate choices. To one degree or another, we are all involved in managing and are constantly making decisions concerning how to spend or use our resources.

Like most things in our modern, changing world, the function of management is becoming more complex. Modern management must possess the ability to interact in an ever-more- complex environment and to make decisions that will allocate scarce recourses effectively. A major part of the manager’s job is to predict what the environment needs and what changes will occur in the future.

Organizations exist to combine human efforts in order to achieve certain goals. Management is the process by which these human efforts are combined with each other and with material resources. Management encompasses both science and art. In designing and constructing plans and products, management must draw on technology and physical science, of course, and, the behavioral sciences also can contribute to management. However, much you hear about “scientific management” or “management science”, in handling people and managing organizations it is necessary to draw on intuition and subjective judgment. The science portion of management is expanding, more and more decisions can be analyzed and programmed, particularly, with mathematics. But although the artistic side of management may be declining in its proportion of the whole process it will remain central portion of your future jobs. In short:

- Knowledge (science) without skill (art) is useless, or dangerous;

- Skill (art) without knowledge (science) means stagnancy and inability to pass on learning.

Like the physician, the manager is a practitioner. As the doctor draws on basic sciences of chemistry, biology, and psychology, the business executive draws on the science of mathematics, psychology and sociology.

As a process management involves forecasting, planning, organizing, commanding, co-ordinating and controlling. On the other hand, management is a group of people in charge of running a business.

WORD STUDY

Ex. 1. Study the different meanings of the word following words and use them to translate

the sentences.

to manage1) руководить, управлять, заведовать; стоять во главе

2) управлять, уметь обращаться

managerial- административный

management- управление; заведование, руководство, менеджмент

manageable - выполнимый, осуществимый

manager - глава, директор, топ-менеджер; руководитель, управляющий

manageress - - заведующая

1. Different scholars offer different sets of principles of management.

2. The international manager is said to spend over half of his or her time in negotiation.

3. The managing director has the right to make major managerial decisions.

4. They are part of my management team.

5. The baby can be greatly influenced by the parents’ management.

6. She has been working as the manageress of a bookshop.

7. To be a successful manager you must know your responsibilities and authorities.

8. Private banks are being nationalized, and are to be managed with workers’ participation.

9. To be ready for every English lesson is a quite manageable task.

10. She can't manage her child.

11. The zoo needed better management rather than more money.

Ex. 2. Match the words with their definitions.

_____ skill _____ executive _____ a shop _____ management _____environment _____ technology _____ practitioner _____ to run a business _____ ability _____ psychology

a. the technique, practice, or science of managing, controlling or dealing with b. a person who practises a profession or art c. the scientific study of all forms of human and animal behaviour d. ability to do something well e. a place for the performance of a specified type of work f. external conditions or surroundings, especially those in which people live or work g. a person or group responsible for the administration of a project, activity, or business h. necessary skill, competence, or power i. to be in charge of; manage j. the total knowledge and skills available to any human society for industry, art, science, etc

Ex. 3. Find in the text English equivalents to the following words or word-combinations.

Use them in the sentences.

в той или иной степени _____________________________________________

высокоорганизованный _____________________________________________

объединять человеческие усилия _____________________________________

делать соответствующий выбор ______________________________________

небольшие мастерские ______________________________________________

жизненно необходимый _____________________________________________

современный меняющийся мир _______________________________________

обладать способностью ______________________________________________

физические (точные) науки ___________________________________________

с другой стороны ___________________________________________________

Ex. 4. Generate other forms from these words.

Verb	Noun	Adjective
to work
	management
to achieve
		changeable
to posses
to predict
		occurring
	design
	execution
to practice
	judgment

Ex. 5. Find in the text equivalents to the following words and word-combination.

1. contemporary methods for achieving efficiency _________________________

2. management involves predicting _____________________________________

3. Management includes both science and art. _______________________

4. management must draw on exact science __________________________

5. science of making right choices _________________________________

6. management is becoming more complicated _______________________

7. has already become very important _______________________________

8. modern management must have the ability to interact ________________

9. management must exploit technology and physical science ____________

10. managing people ____________________________________________

Ex. 6. Use the following words to complete the sentences below.

efforts, intuition, material resources, major, subjective judgment, skill, goals, art and science, occur, shops, a business, choices, executive, management

1. A ________part of the manager’s job is to predict what the environment needs and what

changes will ___________in the future.

2. The Industrial Revolution brought workers from small ____________into large factories.

3. Organizations exist to combine human ____________ in order to achieve certain __________.

4. ___________________is a group of people in charge of running _____________________.

5. Management is the process by which these human efforts are combined with each other and

with __________________________.

6. The business _____________draws on the science of mathematics, psychology and sociology.

7. In managing organizations it is necessary to draw on ______________ and _______________

___________________.

8. Knowledge without _____________is useless, or dangerous.

9. Management is the ________________________of making appropriate ______________.

Ex. 7. What prepositions should be used below?

1. _______ one degree or another

2. brought workers_______ small shops_________ large factories

3. we are all involved __________ managing

4. behavioral sciences also can contribute_______ management

5. _______ the other hand

6. inability to pass ______ learning

7. to combine human efforts ___________ to achieve certain goals

8. people ______ charge ______ running a business

9. the doctor draws ______ basic sciences

10. a set of modern methods ______achieving efficiency

Ex. 8. Translate the text into Russian in written form.

When we talk about making decisions in business we tend to think of the major decisions which are made from time to time, such as the decision to get ahead with the Eurotunnel Project, or decide to appoint a new chairman for the company. The fact is that a multitude of decisions are being made in business every day. Certainly there are major decisions in process as the boards of directors and chief executives in large public companies decide to enter new markets, spend millions on new plant and machinery or advertising campaigns, and buy new buildings or make take-over bids against their most threatening competitors. Yet, for every one of these monumental decisions there are a hundred thousand decisions made by more ordinary mortals.

In fact, man is a decision-making animal. He is continuously making decisions every moment in his life. Many of us wake up in the morning to the sound of an alarm clock. Here is our first decision of the day. Should we turn off an alarm clock and go back to sleep? Or should we turn off the alarm and get up? There is even a possible compromise. We can turn off the alarm and stay half awake for another few minutes.

We are confronted with a problem. We then look for the alternative solutions to the problem, weigh up the advantages and disadvantages of each and select the one which gives us most pleasure and least pain. In business terms we are looking for the options which allow us either to achieve our objectives at the lowest possible cost, or allow us to emerge with the greatest profit.

COMPREHENSION

Ex. 9. Complete the ideas.

1. The function of management is becoming more complex. . . .

2. Like the physician, the manager is a practitioner . . .

3. Organizations exist to combine human efforts in order to achieve certain goals . . .

4. Management encompasses both science and art . . .

Ex. 10. Say if the sentences are true or false. Correct the false ones.

1. Management has never been required.

2. Organizations exist to combine human efforts in order to make profit.

3. We are constantly making decisions concerning how to spend or use our resources.

4. Knowledge (science) without skill (art) is useful.

5. Modern management must posses the ability to interact in an ever-more- complex

environment.

6. Employees are people in charge of running a business.

7. The science portion of management is the same as it was hundred of years ago.

8. Management is a new institution in human history.

DISCUSSION

Mothers and fathers often have different ways of managing their families. How would you describe the management style of your parents? Teachers?

Text 2