- •Content
- •Module 1
- •II Read the following words and word-combinations which will help you to understand the text
- •III Read and translate the following text Textiles. Textile industry
- •III Answer the questions:
- •IV Complete the sentences with the words from the text and translate them:
- •V Read the words from the Ex.1. Look through the text again and find out the sentences with them. Make up your own sentences with these words
- •VIII Translate the sentences into English:
- •Reading and writing skills
- •I Quickly read the text below. Choose the main topic discussed in the text
- •II Read the text again and choose heading for each paragraph
- •II What do these words and phrases mean? Check their meanings from the dictionary
- •III Transform the following sentences according to the models
- •IV Try to reproduce the dialogs on the topic «Finding a job»
- •II Read and translate the following text Textile specialists training in Ukraine
- •III Answer the questions
- •IV Complete the sentences with the words from the text and translate them
- •V Translate the sentences into English
- •Reading and writing skills
- •I Answer these questions about yourself with complete sentences
- •II Using your answers (ex.I) complete the gaps in this description
- •III Read the text. Think about the title of it
- •IV Read the text again and choose heading for each paragraph
- •II Write down responses for the questions
- •III Role play
- •Module 2
- •III Answer the questions
- •II Read the text again and divide the text into logical parts. Headline each of the parts
- •II Listen to the text «Flax, its properties and use» and try to understand it. Choose the proper variant for each of the statements below
- •III Listen to the text once more and note down the properties of flax and the textiles made from it Communicative Skills
- •I Read the dialogues and try to understand them
- •II Write down questions from the dialogues for the following responses
- •III Role play
- •Unit 4. Yarn production
- •I Read and remember the translation of words and word-combinations
- •II Read and translate the following text The production of yarns
- •III Answer the questions
- •IV Complete the sentences with the words from the text and translate them
- •V Read the words from the Ex.1. Look through the text again and find out the sentences with them. Make up your own sentences with these words
- •VIII Translate the sentences into English
- •Reading and writing skills
- •I Quickly read the text below. What is the main topic discussed in the text? Headline the text
- •II Read the text again and choose heading for each paragraph
- •Communicative Skills
- •Module 3
- •II Read and translate the following text: Methods of fabric production
- •III Answer the questions
- •IV Complete the sentences with the words from the text
- •II Read the text again and choose heading for each paragraph
- •II Write down questions from the dialogues for the following responses
- •III Role play
- •Comprehensive Skills
- •I Read the words which can help to understand the information you will listen to now
- •Unit 6. Properties of fabrics
- •I Read and remember the translation of words and word-combinations
- •II Read the following words and word-combinations which will help you to understand the text. Work with a dictionary to find their meaning. Check their meaning from the context
- •III Read and translate the following text Characteristics of textile materials. Aesthetic properties
- •Aesthetic properties
- •IV Answer the following questions
- •V Find Ukrainian equivalents to the words
- •VI Translate the following word-combinations into English:
- •VII Translate the following sentences into English
- •Reading and writing skills
- •I Read the text to find out some more information about properties of fabrics. Make a list of the main terms and check their meanings The functional properties of fabrics
- •II Match some functional properties of fabrics from the box with their explanations
- •III Make a plan to give an annotation of the topic «Properties of fabrics»
- •II Rewrite Dialogue 1 as if you are buying a pair of jeans, Dialogue 2 as you are buying a pair of trousers. (Don’t forget that these things are in plural)
- •III Role play. Perform your own situations in a clothing store Project work
- •Revision. Self-check
- •I Translate the terms given below (5 points)
- •II Match the terms (Task I) with their descriptions (10 points)
- •III Translate the sentences into English (10 points)
- •Module 4
- •II Read and translate the following text
- •Information technologies in production
- •III Answer the questions
- •XI Fill the gaps to compare computers now and ten years ago. Use the adjectives in brackets
- •Reading and writing skills
- •I Read the text and find information which was not given in the text «Information technologies in production»
- •II Look through the text again and make a list of terms, work with a vocabulary to check their pronunciations and meaning
- •II Put the words in the right order
- •III Role play
- •Unit 8. Technical textiles
- •I Read and remember the translation of words and word-combinations
- •II Read and translate the following text Technical textiles
- •III Answer the questions
- •III Render the text in a written form Comprehensive skills
- •I Read the words which can help to understand the information you will listen to now
- •II Listen to the text «Smart clothing» and try to understand it
- •III Listen to the text one more time and decide if the following statements are true or false. Correct the wrong sentences
- •Communicative Skills
- •II How would you answer these questions?
- •Revision. Self-check
- •I Give the full names of the terms and give their translation (5 points)
- •II Read the text and write 5 questions about given information (5 points)
- •III Translate the following sentences into English (10 points)
- •Additional Section
- •Як працювати з текстами на прослуховування (аудіювання)
- •Як підготувати презентацію
- •Useful Phrases
- •Як працювати з новим текстом без наявності словника
- •Як працювати з двомовним словником
- •II етап
- •IV етап
- •Що таке анотування та реферування тексту
- •Як зробити реферування тексту
- •Як анотувати текст
- •Answer keys to “Revision. Self-check” Section Module 1
- •Module 2
- •Module 3
- •Module 4
- •Glossary
- •Vocabulary Unit 1
- •Unit 2
- •Unit 3
- •Unit 4
- •Unit 5
- •Unit 6
- •Unit 7
- •Unit 8
Module 2
From fibres to yarn
Unit 3
Types of fibres
Unit 4
Yarn production
UNIT 3. Types of fibres
I Read and remember the translation of words and word-combinations
interlacing [ɪntə 'leɪsɪŋ] – перетинання
strand [strænd] – пасмо
regenerate [rɪ'ʤen(ə)reɪt] – відновлювати
spinneret ['spɪnəret] – філь’єра
staple fibre [steɪpl faɪbə] – штапельне волокно
filament fibre ['fɪləmənt faɪbə] – філаментарне волокно
surface ['sə:fɪs] – поверхня
twist [twɪst] – скручування
II Read the following words and word-combinations which will help you to understand the text
entangling [ɪn'tæŋɡl] – переплутування
reformation [refə'meɪʃən] – перетворення, покращення
finger [fɪŋɡə] – палець
tiny [taɪnɪ] – маленький
stick up [stɪk ʌp] – стирчати
nap surface [næp sə:fɪs] – ворсиста поверхня
deliberately [dɪ 'lɪbərɪtlɪ] – навмисно, свідомо
unravel [ʌn'rævəl] – розплутувати
liquid ['lɪkwɪd] – рідина
hole [həul] – дірка, отвір
III Read and translate the following text
Fibre classification
Textile fabrics are structures produced by interlacing or entangling yarns or fibres in some manner. In turn, textile yarns are continuous strands made up of textile fibres, the basic physical structures or elements which make up textile products.
Textile fibres are normally broken down into two main classes, natural and man-made fibres. All fibres which come from natural sources (animals, plants, etc.) and do not require fibre formation or reformation are natural fibres. Natural fibres include the protein fibre s such as wool and silk, the cellulose fibre s such as cotton and linen, and the mineral fibre asbestos. Man-made fibres are fibre s formed by chemical synthesis or the polymers from natural sources dissolved and regenerated after passage through a spinneret to form fibres. Those fibres made by chemical synthesis are often called synthetic fibres, while fibres regenerated from natural polymer sources are called regenerated fibres or natural polymer fibres. In other words, all synthetic fibres and regenerated fibres are man-made fibres.
There are two configurations of fibres: staple fibres and filament fibres.
• Staple fibres are of comparatively short length – for example, cotton and wool fibres.
• A filament is a fibre of indefinite length – for example silk.
All natural fibres except silk are short staple fibres, though linen fibres are longer than wool and cotton. You can tell whether a fabric is made from staple fibres or not by holding it over your finger at eye level. If there are tiny hair-like fibres sticking up from the surface, it has been made of staple fibre. At eye level you can also tell which is the right and wrong side of wool, cotton, or linen fabric. Unless a nap surface has been deliberately raised on the right side, the side with the most fibres sticking up is the wrong side; the right side is the smoother side.
Some fibres are not short staple fibres but are produced as a continuous filament, and therefore have a smooth surface. The only natural filament fibre is silk. The fibres are unravelled from several cocoons and slightly twisted to hold them together forming a filament silk yarn.
The production of manufactured fibres is similar to silk. Fibres and yarns are produced as part of the same process. The chemicals used to make the fibres are turned into a thick liquid which is forced through tiny holes in a spinneret.