Grammar revision. Infinitive Инфинитив

Инфинитив (Infinitive) - это неличная форма глагола, обладающая свойствами как существительного, так и глагола. Инфинитив имеет 3 временные формы, выражающие одновременность или законченность действия, а также залог. Признаком инфинитива является to перед глаголом. В предложении инфинитив выполняет функции подлежащего, дополнения, обстоятельства цели, составного сказуемого.

To read is interesting. Читать - это интересно.

I like to read very much. Я очень люблю читать.

Табл.7.

Группа времен	Действительный залог Active Voice	Страдательный залог Passive Voice
Indefinite(Simple)выражает действие, одновременное с действием глагола-сказуемого	to write писать	to be written быть написанным
Continuous выражает длительное действие, продолжающееся одновременно с действием глагола-сказуемого	to be writing писать ( в определенный момент)	-
Perfect выражает действие, предшествующее действию глагола-сказуемого	to have written уже написать (до какого-то определенного момента)	to have been written уже быть написанным(до какого-то определенного момента)

Ex.1. Translate the sentences into Russian paying attention to the Infinitive. Underline the Infinitives and say what form of the Infinitive is given.

1. I was surprised to see Ann there.

2. I wasn’t able to understand the timetable.

3. I got up early in order to be ready to leave at eight.

4. The computer needs to be repaired.

5. She was so sorry not to have seen Bill.

6. I seem to have disappointed Mr Dick yesterday.

7. Try not to be late.

8. She may be travelling in Europe now.

9. Your printer will be repaired by Tuesday.

10. You could have been promoted if you hadn’t been so easy-going.

11. It’s important to listen to people.

12. You should have told me you were ill.

13. I’d like to go home early today.

14. I have to work right now.

15. Your advertisement will be posted today.

16. She must be preparing for the tomorrow’s presentation now – I can see the light in her office.

17. We don’t allow people to smoke here.

18. Sorry – I forgot to post the letters.

19. I regret to have told you that I have failed my examinations.

20. I ‘m happy to have a chance to talk to you.

Complex Object Винительный падеж с инфинитивом

глагол

+

дополнение

+

инфинитив

Инфинитивный оборот Complex Object (сложное дополнение, винительный падеж с инфинитивом) употребляется после глаголов, выражающих восприятие посредством органов чувств (to see - видеть, to hear – слышать, to fell – чувствовать и т.д.), желание (to want – хотеть, to like – нравиться и т. д.), предположение (to expect – предполагать, to consider - считать , to find – находить, to know – знать и т. д.) просьбу, приказ (to ask - просить и т.д.)

He asked her to help him. – Он попросил ее помочь ему.

I saw him crossing the street. Я видел, как он переходил улицу.

Ex.1 Translate into Russian paying attention to the Complex Object.

1. I want Ms Watson to help me. I expect her to come soon.

2. I expect the goods to be delivered in a month.

3. I saw her enter the office at 3 pm.

4. I heard him mention her name during the meeting.

5. I wish the work to be done by Friday.

6. I saw the luggage put into the car.

7. I suppose him to be suitable for the position of the manager.

8. I consider him to be a clever man.

9. I know them to be right.

10. The director found the terms of the delivery to be unsatisfactory.

11. I expect George to be promoted soon.

12. Mrs Black heard the flight announced.

13. I had my luggage weighted.

14. He had his luggage registered half an hour ago.

15. I watched him packing the luggage.

16. I saw him waiting for the taxi.

17. She wants Mrs Stevenson to look through the report before the presentation.

18. He advised me to try to find a new job.

19. Mr Dickenson made me apologize for my unprofessional behavior.