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Файл:Система гуманитарного и социально-экономического знания. Языковая подготовка. Учебное пособие
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Тема 3. Основной курс
донский диалект становится главенствующим. Началось характерное для совре
менного языка, расхождение между произношением и написанием, когда напи
санное слово не отражает его фонетического звучания. В XVIXVII веках уже скла
дывается так называемый новоанглийский язык. Научные и философские произ
ведения стали писаться на английском, а не на латинском языках, а это потребо
вало развития терминологии. Значительно пополнили его заимствования из ла
тинского и греческого, отчасти из итальянского и испанского, а в XVII веке из
французского языков. В области грамматики современному английскому языку
присущ аналитический строй, то есть прямой порядк слов в предложении.
Колониальная экспансия Англии в XVIIXIX веках обусловила распростране
ние английского языка за пределами Великобритании и привела к возникнове
нию некоторых региональных отличий, главным образом в лексике. Отличия аме
риканского варианта английского языка от британского можно объяснить тем, что
первые поселенцы в Северной Америке (1607) прибыли из Лондона и его окрест
ностей, а позднейшие были выходцами главным образом из Северной Великоб
ритании и Ирландии. В языке США нет столь ярко выраженных диалектов, как в
исторически сложившихся областях Великобритании.
Ученые выделяют семь диалектов, в том числе диалект центральной и запад
ной областей США самый значительный по территории распространения; он
считается в США основой литературной нормы (General American). Различие меж
ду американским и британским вариантами английского языка, больше всего ска
зывается в лексике и в некоторой степени в фонетике; отличия в грамматике не
значительны. При большом количестве новообразований в лексике английского
языка США словообразовательные модели также остаются общими с английским
языком Великобритании.
Проверочные тесты
Как Вы думаете, в какой период появились эти слова:
1. a president
— Древнеанглийский период (7—11вв.)
— Среднеанглийский период (11 — 15 вв.)
— Новоанглийский период
— Последнее столетие
2. EMS (the European Monetary System)
— Древнеанглийский период (7—11вв.)
— Среднеанглийский период (11 — 15 вв.)
— Новоанглийский период
— Последнее столетие
3. the Council of Ministers
— Древнеанглийский период (7—11вв.)
— Среднеанглийский период (11 — 15 вв.)
— Новоанглийский период
— Последнее столетие
4. EEC (The European Economic Com
munity)
— Древнеанглийский период (7—11вв.)
— Среднеанглийский период (11 — 15 вв.)
— Новоанглийский период
— Последнее столетие
5. Europe
— Древнеанглийский период (7—11вв.)
— Среднеанглийский период (11 — 15 вв.)
— Новоанглийский период
— Последнее столетие
6. EEC (The European Economic Com
munity)
— Древнеанглийский период (7—11вв.)
— Среднеанглийский период (11 — 15 вв.)
— Новоанглийский период
— Последнее столетие
7. The Court
— Древнеанглийский период (7—11вв.)
— Среднеанглийский период (11 — 15 вв.)
— Новоанглийский период
— Последнее столетие
8. EFTA (the European Free Trade Asso
ciation)
— Древнеанглийский период (7—11вв.)
— Среднеанглийский период (11 — 15 вв.)
— Новоанглийский период
211
Раздел III. Английский язык для юристов
— Последнее столетие
9. the United Kingdom
— Древнеанглийский период (7—11вв.)
— Среднеанглийский период (11 — 15 вв.)
— Новоанглийский период
— Последнее столетие
Правильные ответы.
12345678910
2424122434
10. EMS (the European Monetary System)
— Древнеанглийский период (7—11вв.)
— Среднеанглийский период (11 — 15
вв.)
— Новоанглийский период
— Последнее столетие
Комментарии к тексту
Европейский Совет — это консультативная политическая организация западноев
ропейских государств. Устав Европейского совета был подписан в Лондоне 5 мая 1949,
спустя месяц после создания агрессивного блока НАТО, и вступил в силу 3 августа 1949.
Его первоначальными участниками были Бельгия, Великобритания, Дания, Ирландия,
Италия, Люксембург, Нидерланды, Норвегия, Франция, Швеция. Затем Греция (вышла
из него в 1969 году), Турция, Исландия, ФРГ, Австрия и другие страны.
Главными органами Европейского совета являются Комитет министров, в со
ставе которого министры иностранных дел государств, входящих в Совет и Консуль
тативная ассамблея. Главные органы Европейского Совета находятся в Страсбуре
(Франция). Европейский Совет призван осуществлять задачу координации поли
тики входящих в него rocударств. Сегодня он играет все большую роль в мировой
политике, особенно с введением единой европейской валюты в противовес долла
ру США. Фактически же, его деятельность также подчинена интересам блока НАТО.
Первый уровень
European Union is an organisation of most of the states of Western Europe.
["jV(q)rq'pIqn] ['ju:nIqn] [Iz] [xn] ["O:gqnaI'zeIS(q)n] [Pv] [mqVst] [Pv] [Dq] [steIts] [Pv]
['westqn] ['jV(q)rqp]
It is very important organization for Western Europe. [It] [Iz] ['verI] [Im'pO:t(q)nt]
["O:gqnaI'zeIS(q)n] [fO:] ['westqn] ['jV(q)rqp]
It works toward the economic and political integration of these states. [It] [wE:ks]
[tq'wO:d] [DI] ["ekq'nPmIk] [xnd] [pq'lItIk(q)l] ["IntI'greIS(q)n] [Pv] [Di:z] [steIts]
The EU consists of the European Community for coordination in security, foreign
policy and for cooperation in police and justice matters. [DI] [i:] [ju:] ['kPnsIsts] [Pv] [DI]
["jV(q)rq'pIqn] [kq'mju:nItI] [fO:] [kqV"O:dI'neIS(q)n] [In] [sI'kjV(q)rItI] ['fPrIn] ['pPlIsI]
[xnd] [fO:] [kqV"Ppq'reIS(q)n] [In] [pq'li:s] [xnd] ['dZAstIs] ['mxtqz]
Early the European Community was European Economic Community. ['E:lI] [DI]
["jV(q)rq'pIqn] [kq'mju:nItI] [wPz] ["jV(q)rq'pIqn] ["ekq'nPmIk] [kq'mju:nItI]
The main organ is the Council of Ministers. [Dq] [meIn] ['O:gqn] [Iz] [Dq] ['kaVns(q)l]
[Pv] ['mInIstqz]
It has one representative from each of the member national governments. [It] [hxz]
[wAn] ["reprI'zentqtIv] [frPm] [i:tS] [Pv] [Dq] ['membq] ['nxS(q)nql] ['gAv(q)mqnts]
It controlled the economic agreements. [It] [kqn'trqVld] [DI] ["ekq'nPmIk] [q'gri:mqnts]
It starts the process by establishing the unique European money. [It] [stQ:ts] [Dq]
['prqVsqs] [baI] [I'stxblISIN] [DI] [ju:'ni:k] ["jV(q)rq'pIqn] ['mAnI]
And now Europe has Euro. [xnd] [naV] ['jV(q)rqp] [hxz] ['jV(q)rq(V)]
212
Тема 3. Основной курс
Фонетические трудности
European Union ["jV(q)rq'pIqn] [`ju:nIqn]
Western Europe [`westqn] [`jV(q)rqp]
the European Community [DI] [`jV(q)rq|pIqn] [kq'mju:nItI]
the Council of Ministers [Dq] [`kaVns(q)l] [Pv] [`mInIstqz]
Задание 1. Выписать транскрипцию каждого слова.
Задание 2. Перевести текст.
Задание 3. Текст выучить наизусть.
Второй уровень
1. European Union is an organisation of most of the states of Western Europe.
2. It works toward and oversees the economic and political integration of these states.
3. The European Union consists of the European Community and a framework for
unified action by member countries in security and foreign policy and for cooper
ation in police and justice matters.
4. The European Economic Community had been founded in 195758 to oversee the
economic integration of the nations of western Europe.
5. The original members of the EEC were Belgium, France, West Germany, Italy, Lux
embourg, and The Netherlands.
6. The European Council, which is composed of the heads of state or government of
the member nations.
7. It has met regularly since 1974 — ordinarily three times a year — for the purpose of
policy making on the highest level.
8. The European Parliament is the legislative branch of the EU.
9. The European Court of Justice is the judicial branch of the EU.
10. In 1987 the EC member states adopted the Single European Act.
Задание 4. Закончите письменно предложения согласно тексту:
A.
The headline of this text is …
The main idea of this text is …
This text consists of … parts.
The fierst part is about …
The 2nd part is about ...
The 3d part is about ...
Concluding the text …
B.
European Union is an _________________________________________________
It works toward and oversees the _________________________________________
The European Union consists of the European Community and a framework for
unified action by ___________________________________________________
The European Economic Community had been founded in 195758 to ___________
The original members of the EEC were ___________________________________
The European Council, which is composed of _____________________________
It has met regularly since 1974 — ordinarily three times a year — for ______________
The European Parliament is ___________________________________________
The European Court of Justice is _______________________________________
In 1987 the EC member states adopted ___________________________________
213
Раздел III. Английский язык для юристов
Третий уровень
1. European Union (EU), an organisation of most of the states of Western Europe that
works toward and oversees the economic and political integration of these states. The
European Union consists of the European Community (q.v.; formerly European Eco
nomic Community) and a framework for unified action by member countries in se
curity and foreign policy and for cooperation in police and justice matters.
2. The European Economic Community (EEC) had been founded in 195758 to over
see the economic integration of the nations of western Europe. In 1967 the EEC
joined together with the European Coal and Steel Community and the European
Atomic Energy Community to form the European Communities, or EC (the plural
was dropped from the name in the 1980s).
3. The success of the liberalised trade policies sponsored by the EEC (or EC) in the
1960s, ’70s, and ’80s made its members more receptive to the greater integration of
the EC. Subsequent efforts toward greater economic and political union of the EC’s
members eventually yielded the Treaty on European Union (Maastricht Treaty),
concluded in December 1991. The treaty’s enactment (Nov. 1, 1993) created the
European Union out of the European Community; in addition, the European Eco
nomic Community was renamed the European Community, and the EC’s Council
of Ministers was renamed the Council of Ministers of the European Union.
4. The original members of the EEC were Belgium, France, West Germany, Italy, Lux
embourg, and The Netherlands. Denmark, Ireland, and the United Kingdom joined
in 1973, Greece in 1981, and Portugal and Spain in 1986; the former East Germa
ny was admitted as part of reunified Germany in 1990. Greenland, a dependent state
of Denmark that had entered the EC when under full Danish rule, withdrew in 1985.
The Maastricht Treaty paved the way for other European countries to join the EU.
Austria, Finland, and Sweden—all members of the European Free Trade Associa
tion (EFTA) — became members of the EU in 1995.
5. The Commission of the European Communities (also commonly called the European
Commission) — consisting of 10 members, a president, and 6 vice presidents selected by
the member states — is charged principally with formal and practical implementation of
the various treaties of the Union and the various rules issued by the Council of Ministers.
It also helps prepare acts submitted to the European Parliament and the Council of Min
isters. The Commission, as executive, is both initiator and implementor.
6. The Council of Ministers, whose membership is made up of one representative from
each of the member national governments, has the real power of decision in the Un
ion. It determines how the intents of the treaties are to be carried out and how the sep
arate economic policies of the member nations are to be coordinated toward that end.
7. The European Council, which is composed of the heads of state or government of
the member nations, has met regularly since 1974 — ordinarily three times a year —
for the purpose of policy making on the highest level.
8. The European Parliament is the legislative branch of the EU, and the European
Court of Justice is the judicial branch of the EU.
9. The Court of Auditors, created in 1977 and consisting of one member from each of
the member nations, is responsible for the external audit of the expenditures and
revenue of the Union.
10. The European Investment Bank, created in 1958, is an independent public institution
acting as the European Union’s bank for longterm finance. It makes or guarantees loans
for investment projects, mainly in industry, power resources, and infrastructure.
11. The Economic and Social Committee, a consultative body established in 1958, has
three groups of representatives — from employers’ organisations, trade unions, and
214
Тема 3. Основной курс
«special interests» (e.g., professions, consumers, agriculturists, small businesses). It
is intended to advise the Commission and the Council of Ministers on the effect of
the EU’s policies and practices on the general economy.
12. One of the main goals of the EC was the integration of its members’ economies into a sin
gle frontierless market that would have a common currency and a common central bank.
The measures the EC took in this regard were obtained by the unanimous consensus of its
members. The EC oversaw the establishment of the European Monetary System (EMS) in
1978 to regulate currency exchange rates and aid monetary stability among its members.
The EMS, which took effect in 1979, linked the currencies of the EC member countries
(excepting those of the United Kingdom, Spain, and Portugal, who declined to participate)
so as to avoid large daytoday fluctuations in currency rates while permitting periodic rea
lignments. In the interest of encouraging the mobility of labour, restrictions on the move
ment of labour among the EC countries also were effectively removed.
13. In 1987 the EC member states adopted the Single European Act, by which they de
clared their eventual intention to create a unified, freetrade market in western Eu
rope. Measures implementing this declaration began in 1990 with the lifting of ex
change controls and the elimination of barriers to Europewide banking, insurance,
securities, and other financial services. The economic agreements of the Maastricht
Treaty further advanced this process by establishing the European Monetary Insti
tute (effective Jan. 1, 1994) at Frankfurt am Main, Ger., and by creating a vast free
trade zone — the European Economic Area (EEA) — between the members of the
EC and EFTA. The EEA also was implemented on Jan. 1, 1994, with the participa
tion of all EC and EFTA members except Switzerland and Liechtenstein.
Задание 5.
A. Пересскажите текст.
This text is about …
5.B. Перескажите текст, используя следующие слова и выражения:
European Union (the EU) – Европейский Союз
Western Europe – Западная Европа
the European Community – Европейское сообщество
foreign policy – внешняя политика
and justice matters – правовые вопросы
The European Economic Community (the EEC) – Европейское Экономическое
сообщество
The European Council (the EC) – Совет Европы, консультативная политичес
кая организация европейских государств
The European Parliament Европарламент
the legislative branch – законодательная ветвь
The European Court of Justice – Европейский суд
5.C. Составьте предложения, используя следующие слова и выражения:
an organisation
of most of the states of
toward and oversees
the economic and political integration
the European Community
a framework for unified action
by member countries
security and foreign policy
cooperation in police
justice matters
to oversee
the economic integration
of the nations
of western Europe
The original members of
The European Council
215
Раздел III. Английский язык для юристов
the heads of state or government
the member nations
regularly
since
ordinarily
three times a year
the purpose of policy making
on the highest level
The European Parliament
the legislative branch
The European Court of Justice
the judicial branch of
the Single European Act.
Unit 9. Germany
Имя существительное
Имя существительное — это часть речи, которая обовначает предмет и служит ему
названием.
Принадлежность слова и категория имен существительных можно определить
по суффиксам, попоказателям, стоящим перед данным словом и по функции это
го слова в предложении.
В английском языке имена существительные имеют только одно окончание —
s, которое служит для образования множественного числа и родительного падежа.
Отношения между словами, составляющими предложение, передаются рааличн
нми предлогами, которые ставятся перед именем существитвльным в общем падеже.
Имя существительное может выполнять функцию любого члена предложения.
Имя существительное без предлога может быть подлежащим, именной частью
составного сказуемого, дополнением и левым определением.
Имя существительное с предлогом может быть косвенным дополнением, пра
вым определением и обстоятельством.
Имя существительное с союзом ( when, while ) выполняет функцию обстоятельства.
Имя существительное в определительной функции переводится на русский
язык именем существительным (с предлогом или без него), прилагательным, при
частным оборотом или определительным придаточным предложением,
Имя существительное в обстоятельственной функции переводится на русский
язык именем существительным (обычно с предлогом}, обстоятельственным при
даточным предложением или деепричастием.
Проверочные тесты
Определите, чем являются в предложении выделенные слова.
1. A committee of the Allied Reparations Commission headed by the American financier.
— подлежащее
— определение
— обстоятельство
— дополнение
2. The antirepublican parties of the left and right together received only 13 percent of
the total vote.
— подлежащее
— определение
— обстоятельство
— дополнение
3. Germany’s reintegration into the international political structure was reflected also
in the decision in early 1929 by the Allied Reparations Commission to make a final
disposition of the reparations question.
216
Тема 3. Основной курс
— подлежащее
— определение
— обстоятельство
— дополнение
4. The committee appointed to make recommendations in this matter was headed by
Owen D. Young, an American business executive.
— подлежащее
— определение
— обстоятельство
— дополнение
5. Soon—to—be vice president Charles Dawes had recommended these changes as well as
urged the Allies to grant sizeable loans to Germany to assist its economic recovery.
— подлежащее
— определение
— обстоятельство
— дополнение
6. The Dawes Plan marked a significant step in the upswing of the German economy
that lasted until the onset of the Great Depression.
— подлежащее
— определение
— обстоятельство
— дополнение
7. The 800 million gold marks in foreign loans had by 1927 enabled German industri
al production to regain its 1913 pre—war high.
— подлежащее
— определение
— обстоятельство
— дополнение
8. That same year the Reichstag contributed to the vital need for social and class rec
onciliation by voting for a compulsory unemployment insurance plan.
— подлежащее
— определение
— обстоятельство
— дополнение
9. Reconciliation on the political level seemed achieved in 1925 when the 77—year—
old Hindenburg was elected to succeed the deceased Friedrich Ebert as president.
— подлежащее
— определение
— обстоятельство
— дополнение
10. Although no democrat, the aged field marshal took seriously his duty to support the
constitution and the republic.
— подлежащее
— определение
— обстоятельство
— дополнение
Правильные ответы.
12345678910
1424214114
217
Раздел III. Английский язык для юристов
Комментарии к тексту
Германия (лат. Germania, нем. Deutschland — страна немцев), европейское го
сударство. Столица — Берлин.
Единое государство до конца Второй мировой войны (19391945). После раз
грома фашизма образовались два государства — Германская Демркратическая рес
публика (ГДР) и Федеральная республика Германии (ФРГ). В результате пере
стройки, начавшейся в Советском Союзе, эти два государства объединились.
Первый уровень
Germany is the member of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). ['dZE:mqnI]
[Iz] [Dq] ['membq] [Pv] [Dq] [nO:T] [qt'lxntIk] ['tri:tI] ["O:gqnaI'zeIS(q)n] ['neItqV]
Berlin is the capital of Germany. [bE:'lIn] [Iz] [Dq] ['kxpItl] [Pv] ['dZE:mqnI]
The Reichstag is a house of parliament. [Dq] ['raIkstQ:g] [Iz] [q] [haVs] [Pv] ['pQ:lqmqnt]
Between two world wars it was the start of National Socialist German Workers' Party.
[bI'twi:n] [tu:] [wE:ld] [wO:z] [It] [wPz] [Dq] [stQ:t] [Pv] ['nxS(q)nql] ['sqVS(q)lIst] ['dZE:mqn]
['wE:kqz ] ['pQ:tI]
The leader was Adolf Hitler. [Dq] ['li:dq] [wPz] ['xdPlf] ['hItlq]
Adolf Hitler was elected after president Hindenburg. ['xdPlf] ['hItlq] [wPz] [I'lektid]
['Q:ftq] ['prezId(q)nt] [haIndenbHg]
Hindenburg was elected to succeed the deceased Friedrich Ebert as president.
[haIndenbHg] [wPz] [I'lektid] [tu:] [sqk'si:d] [Dq] [dI'si:st] [fraIdrItS] ['ebqrt] [xz] ['prezId(q)nt]
This was the difficult period for Germany and the world. [DIs] [wPz] [Dq] ['dIfIk(q)lt]
['pI(q)rIqd] [fO:] ['dZE:mqnI] [xnd] [Dq] [wE:ld]
Thus it was the reason of start of the World War II. [DAs] [It] [wPz] [Dq] ['ri:z(q)n] [Pv]
[stQ:t] [Pv] [Dq] [wE:ld] [wO:] [tu:]
After the World War II Germany had reparations. ['Q:ftq] [Dq] [wE:ld] [wO:] [tu:]
['dZE:mqnI] [hxd] ["repq'reIS(q)ns]
Задание 1. Выписать транскрипцию каждого слова.
Задание 2. Перевести текст.
Задание 3. Текст выучить наизусть.
Второй уровень
1. The financial recovery that began with the restabilisation of the German currency
in late 1923 was undergirded in 1924.
2. The Allies agreed to end their occupation of the Ruhr and to grant the German gov
ernment a more realistic payment schedule on reparations.
3. A committee of the Allied Reparations Commission headed by the American fin
ancier and soontobe vice president Charles Dawes.
4. He had recommended these changes as well as urged the Allies to grant sizeable
loans to Germany to assist its economic recovery.
5. The Dawes Plan marked a significant step in the upswing of the German economy
6. It lasted until the onset of the Great Depression.
7. Reconciliation on the political level seemed achieved in 1925
8. This time the 77yearold Hindenburg was elected to succeed the deceased Frie
drich Ebert as president.
9. Although no democrat, the aged field marshal took seriously his duty to support the
constitution and the republic.
10. Hugenberg by himself engaged Adolf Hitler, the leader of the apparently moribund
National Socialist German Workers’ Party.
218
Тема 3. Основной курс
Задание 4. Закончите письменно предложения согласно тексту:
A.
The headline of this text is …
The main idea of this text is …
This text consists of … parts.
The fierst part is about …
The 2nd part is about ...
The 3d part is about ...
Concluding the text …
B.
The financial recovery that began with the restabilisation of the German currency in
late 1923 was ___________________________________________________
The Allies agreed to end their occupation of the Ruhr and to ___________________
A committee of the Allied Reparations Commission headed by _________________
He had recommended these changes as well as urged the Allies to grant sizeable loans
to ___________________________________________________
The Dawes Plan marked a _____________________________________________
It lasted until ___________________________________________________
Reconciliation on the political level seemed achieved _______________________
This time the 77yearold Hindenburg was elected to succeed ___________________
Although no democrat, the aged field marshal took seriously his duty to ___________
Hugenberg by himself engaged Adolf Hitler, the leader of _____________________
Третий уровень.
1. Years of economic and political stabilisation. The financial recovery that began with
the restabilisation of the German currency in late 1923 was undergirded in 1924 when
the Allies agreed to end their occupation of the Ruhr and to grant the German gov
ernment a more realistic payment schedule on reparations. A committee of the Al
lied Reparations Commission headed by the American financier and soontobe vice
president Charles Dawes had recommended these changes as well as urged the Al
lies to grant sizeable loans to Germany to assist its economic recovery. The Dawes
Plan marked a significant step in the upswing of the German economy that lasted
until the onset of the Great Depression. The 800 million gold marks in foreign loans
had by 1927 enabled German industrial production to regain its 1913 prewar high.
That same year the Reichstag contributed to the vital need for social and class rec
onciliation by voting for a compulsory unemployment insurance plan.
2. Reconciliation on the political level seemed achieved in 1925 when the 77yearold
Hindenburg was elected to succeed the deceased Friedrich Ebert as president. Al
though no democrat, the aged field marshal took seriously his duty to support the
constitution and the republic.
3. The guiding spirit in German foreign policy from 1924 through 1929 was the for
eign minister, Gustav Stresemann, who firmly believed that Germany was more like
ly to gain relief from the harshness of Versailles by trying to fulfil its terms than by
stubbornly continuing to resist them. Steersman’s efforts ushered in what came to
be known as «the era of fulfilment.» It began in December 1925 when Germany
signed the Locarno treaties, in which it guaranteed to maintain the new postwar
boundaries with France and Belgium and to submit to international arbitration any
boundary disputes that might arise in the east with Poland or Czechoslovakia. Ger
many was formally readmitted into the family of nations by being granted member
ship in the League of Nations in September 1926. In 1928 Germany became party
219
Раздел III. Английский язык для юристов
to the most dramatic symbolic gesture of postwar reconciliation, the KelloggBri
and Pact, which promised to outlaw the resort to aggressive war; this agreement was
signed by nearly all the world’s major countries during the next year.
4. The economic and political stabilisation of the German republic seemed to be reflected
in the May 1928 elections to the Reichstag. The antirepublican parties of the left and
right together received only 13 percent of the total vote, with the Communists receiv
ing 10.6 percent and the Nazis taking only 2.6 percent. Germany’s reintegration into
the international political structure was reflected also in the decision in early 1929 by
the Allied Reparations Commission to make a final disposition of the reparations ques
tion. The committee appointed to make recommendations in this matter was headed
by Owen D. Young, an American business executive. The Young Committee proposed
that German reparations are reduced to about 37 billion gold marks, less than one
third of the 1921 total, and that payments be stretched until 1988. It also called for
the dissolution of the Reparations Commission and for an immediate end to what re
mained of the Allied occupation of the Rhineland.
5. The German government, seeing the obvious advantages in the Young Plan, official
ly accepted its terms in August 1929. Rightwing parties of the opposition, however,
saw the plan as nothing less than a renewal of Germany’s humiliation. Led by the Ger
man National Peoples’ Party (DNVP) and its leader Alfred Hugenberg, the press and
movieindustry lord, the nationalist opposition seized upon the constitutional proc
esses for popular initiative and referendum in order to force the government to re
verse its acceptance of the plan. To run the opposition’s antiYoung Plan campaign,
Hugenberg engaged Adolf Hitler, the leader of the apparently moribund NSDAP (Na
tional Socialist German Workers’ Party). The objective was to force the German gov
ernment into a repudiation of the reparations debt as well as of the warguilt clause
of Versailles upon which the debt rested. German signatories to the Young Plan, more
over, were to become liable to the charge of treason. The right wing’s initiative did
force the Reichstag into reconsidering its approval of the Young Plan, but to no avail.
The national plebiscite that necessarily followed found only 13.8 percent of the vot
ers favouring the objectives of the right wing. The bitterness of the campaign, howev
er, may have contributed to the illness and death during the campaign of Stresemann.
Задание 5.
A. Пересскажите текст.
This text is about …
5.B. Перескажите текст, используя следующие слова и выражения:
The financial recovery финансовое выздоровление
in late 1923 – в конце 1923 года
reparations – репарации – возмещение ущерба Германией
the Allied Reparations Commission – комиссия союзников по выплате репараций
soontobe vice president – вскоре ставший президентом
by himself сам
National Socialist German Workers' Party – националсоциалистическая рабочая
партия Германии
the 77yearold – 77летний
the Great Depression – Великая депрессия, мировой экономический кризис
19291939
5.C. Составьте предложения, используя следующие слова и выражения:
the restabilisation
the German currency
The Allies
to end their occupation
220
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