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Файл:Словообразование в языковой категоризации мира. Монография
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3.2. Структурная характеристика отсоматических производных
V + -ing N ( ngering, footing, heading, legging mouthing, necking,
nosing, skinning, toothing);
V + -er N ( ngerer, footer, mouther)
de- + V V (deface)
dis- + V V (disheart)
em- + V V (embody)
en- + V V (enface)
out- (comb. form ) + V V (outface, outhand, outfoot)
re- + V V (reface)
un- + V V (unbody, unface, unhair, unhand, unhead, unheart,
untooth);
up- + V V (uphand)
:
Adj N (overarm, underarm)
Adj Adv (overarm; underarm; bodily, o and, headlong)
N V :
Ncomp. V (bodycheck, to brainstorm, to brain-drain, to earmark,
to ngerprint, to ngermark; to handsel; to handbag; to handspike; to
handfast; to handpass, to handhold, to handbrake, to shorthand, to
headcount, to badmouth, to headline to
nger-paint)
Npref. V (overbody, to a ereye, to interface, to backhand, to
facebook);
Nblend V (to handicap)
Nsuf. V (to eyelet, to facet);
Adv Adj & N (underfoot, adj. & n.; underhand, adj. & n; over-
head, n. & adj)
Ncomp. Adj (backhand, wronghead, tooth-pick)
:
Adj + N Ncomp (handyman; handie-talkie; handiwork; handy-
andy; toothypeg)
:
Ncomp V (to arm-twist arm-twisting, n; to arm-wrestle
arm-wrestling, n; to brainwash, v brainwashing, n; to ngerspell, v
ngerspelling, n; to hand-write handwriting; to hand-shake hand-
shaking; to handwave hand-waving; handpick, v handpicked,; head-
bang, v headbanger, headbanging).
151
Глава 3. Структурно-семантическое моделирование отсоматической лексики в английском языке
, , , : , , . , Adj + N Ncomp.
:
N1 + -less Adj – 100 % – ( );
N1 + -ed Adj. – 90 % – ;
N1 + -y / ie Adj – 70 % – ;
N1 + -er N2 – 65 % – ;
N1 + -like Adj. – 65 % – ;
N1 + -ful Adj. – 40 % – ;
:
fore- + N1 N2 – 55 % – ;
under- + N1 N2 – 25 % – ;
N V ,
20 -
, .
:
N1 + N2 N3 – 55,5 % ;
N2 + N1 N3 – 19,6 % ;
Adj. + N1 N2 – 12,3 % ;
N1 + PII Adj – 7,8 % .
2 % .
, . ,
–
.
. , .
152
3.2. Структурная характеристика отсоматических производных
. , .
,
-. ,
– .
,
– .
, .
. . , . . , . . , « - ,
» [, 1991: 3].
,
.
, :
N1 + -less Adj;
N1 + -ed Adj;
N1 + -y / ie Adj;
N1 + -er N2;
N1 + -like Adj;
N1 + -ful Adj;
fore- + N1 N2;
under- + N1 N2;
-less
153
Глава 3. Структурно-семантическое моделирование отсоматической лексики в английском языке
« -.», « -.» (handless, legless, hairless,
etc.) -less . .
-less
«» «»
.
«» «», . . , , «» – «». , ,
(,
), , , . ,
-less : .
-ed -
«, ;
-» (bodied, ngered, haired, etc.).
-ed «»
. « » ,
, , . , ( ), N1 + -ed Adj. ,
, ( ngered – .: ; ; a footed sofa).
-y -
-,
-.
,
N1 + -y Adj. (brainy, ngery, hairy, handy, heady)
– .
154
3.2. Структурная характеристика отсоматических производных
N1 + -er N2 .
-er , (1) ,
, , , ;
;
(2)
. -er
: ngerer – ;
hander – , - , ;
mouther – .
N1 + -like Adj.
, ,
, .
, «» , (armlike,
ngerlike, toothlike, etc.).
C -ful full
« ,
, ». N1 + -ful
Adj (armful, earful, eyeful, ngerful, handful, heedful, mouthful, toothful),
, ,
« » «».
fore- (-, ) under- (-), -
,
fore- + N1 N2; under- +
N1 N2; under- + N1 Adv.
.
155
Глава 3. Структурно-семантическое моделирование отсоматической лексики в английском языке
:
; ; , , .
, , , ,
( ), , .
(88,8 %), 6 %,
– 4 % , – 1 %, – 0,2 %).
.
(LRNW, DNW, OxDNW, DNW&M)
. 135
1
,
. :
-1)
:
hand – «» – , -
;
brain – (20);
ears (pl.) – (L20);
nger – , (20);
leg – (. .) (20);
– (Stock Exch.) a stage or period of an account or market
(L20);
skin – (slang) skinhead (L20);
1
M20 (
) , .
156
3.2. Структурная характеристика отсоматических производных
tooth – (20)
:2)
backhander – 1) – 19;
2) (.) , – 19;
3) , – 20
head-trip – 1) an intellectually stimulating experience
2) an act performed primarily for self-grati cation
red-eye – 1) ( )
2) (
)
3) (.) ;
handful – 1) ; ;
2) (.) -. -., ,
;
3) (.) , ( );
nose, v – 1) , ; , (L16);
2) ; (L18);
3) ( ) (19);
4) ( , , ) (L19);
handbag, n – 1)
2)
3) a boyfriend or girlfriend who is clingy or possessive
or follows their boyfriend/girlfriend around all the time
(including those that constantly text to 'see what you are
up to, in other words check up on you)
«Steven follows me around all the time but seriously, I have a handbag
and I don’t need any more accessories» Said Kylie. «I can see how this is
going to go» replied Sara «He’s a total handbag» (http://www.urbandic-
tionary.com/de ne.php?term=handbag)
:3)
a) :
a er- + N1 N2 (a erbrain)
bio- + N1 N2 (bioarm)
157
Глава 3. Структурно-семантическое моделирование отсоматической лексики в английском языке
inter- + N1 N2 (interface)
super- + N1 N2 (superbrain)
pre- + N1 N2 (prearm)
anti- + N1 N2 (anti-foot)
) :
N1 + -age N2 (heartage)
N1 + -ism . N2 (brainism)
N1 + -o
1
N2 (braino)
N1 + -sie N2 (footsie)
N1 + -y N2 (skinny)
N1 + -ty N2 (facety)
: 4)
) :
N1 + N2 N3 (airhead, armlock, arm-candy, facebook, earworm,
brainbox, body-shopper, brain-fart, faceprint, body-sur ng, footwell, handwave, hand-phone, headcrash, handspan, head-trip, brain-gain, brainwaste, facebase, face-palm, face-time, knee-mail, kneecap, mouthfeel, earbud, eyeball, handphone, hand-span, body-scanner, bodysuit, headbanger,
necklace, etc.);
N2 + N1 N3 (nethead, skinhead, slapeface, passface, sleeveface,
zipper-head, phone-neck, waxhead, breadhead, red-eye, etc.)
Adj. + N1 N2 (deadarm, blueneck, acid-head, eigenface, fat- nger,
hardbody, na ead, bad-mouth, etc.);
N1 + Ving N2 (hand-waving, foot-tapping, body-popping, body-
snat-ching, handbagging, skinhead, etc.);
P1 + N1 N2 (barking-head, shouting-head).
) :
brainiac (brain + maniac);
buttlegging (butt (slang for cigarette) + bootlegging);
bitlegging (bit + bootlegging);
digi-necker (digital + rubbernecker);
handicapitaion (handicap + decapitation);
eyelyser (eye + analyzer);
1
-o su x forming chie y informal or slang variants or derivatives such as righto, wino
158
3.2. Структурная характеристика отсоматических производных
: 5)
) :
headhunt, v – 1) ,
2) « »,
headhunter, n 1) ,
2) (
)
headhunting, n 1) 2) «»
,
body-surf , v – (
, )
bodysurfer, n
bodysurfing, n
neck, v – , ,
(L19)
necker, n – a person who indulges in amorous fondling with
another (M20);
) :
skinny, adj – ,
skinny, n – 1) , (20) (conversion
Adj N)
2) (US slang) ; (M20)
skinny, v – 1) (.) ,
handbag, n – 1)
2)
handbag, v – (conversion N V)
Becoming suspicious of the French hijacking the foreign policy of an
EU in which her homeland has invested heavily for decades, the German
leader, in at-cher mode, handbagged the French leader into including
all EU member countrie (Darwish, Adel. A good excuse for a party / e
Middle East).
159
Глава 3. Структурно-семантическое моделирование отсоматической лексики в английском языке
, 6)
:
) :
Adj. N hand-held, –
hand-held, n – (L20)
N Adj. airhead, n airhead, Adj (DNW)
)
arm-twisting – (inf.) , ( -
, ; )
arm-twist, v – ( )
body-popping, n – a style of urban street dancing featuring jerky robotic
movements, made to music with a disco beat;
body-pop, v (OxDNW)
(LRNW, DNW,
OxDNW, DNW&M) ,
:
out-of- + N1 Adj.
out-of-body, adj. – ; ( )
A review of conceptual and research trends in the literature on out-of-
body experiences is presented for the period of mid-nineteenth century to 1987
(http://www.scienti cexploration.org/journal/jse_03_1_alvarado.pdf).
Experts have found a way to trigger an out-of-body experience in vol-
unteers. (http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/6960612.stm).
super- + N1 N2
superbrain – 1)
Or will it be the more advanced variety as promised by both him and
Fred Nietzsche, a superbrain that, once made, will sit back in its laboratory
tank, take a good look at the world and burst out laughing at what man
has wrought (It’s about time I had a brand new brain // Hudders eld
Daily Examiner Hudders eld, England)
2)
e Intertec Superbrain was an all-in-one commercial microcomputer
rst sold by Intertec Data Systems Corp. in 1979. (@: http://en.wikipedia.
org/wiki/Intertec_Superbrain)
160
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