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Файл:Словообразование в языковой категоризации мира. Монография
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2.3. Соматизм как единица номинации и производящая база дериватов
A man's face is his autobiography. A woman’s face is her work of c-
tion. (Oscar Wilde) [ : http://www.buzzle.com/
articles/short-cute-sayings.html].
«face»
( . facies)
andwlita. : « » «».
She made a face as if there was something bitter on her tongue (Mosley, N.)
face «, , » (ME). «,
, ; » (to show a face –
, ).
, , : , ();
(), (, , . .):
He went into the next room, sat down at my desk and wrote on the
pinkish face of the portfolio the word, «Antonia” (Willa, C. My Antonia).
: (, );
, ;) ( ); (, , ); ,
.
C VII I
face , , .
face «, , »:
Now this face was the ideal man for me to have a deal with (Morgan, J.
1967). [ : http://www.answers.com/topic/face].
Come on, face – don’t get mopey (Smith, D. 1938) [
: http://www.answers.com/topic/face].
- face – «».
7. FINGER 9 NShOxD)
nger «»
. -
101
Глава 2. Соматическая лексика в аспекте словообразовательной категоризации
« nger»
(3/4 ).
: .
I brought my glass over and poured myself out… at least four ngers
of Scotch (Salinger J. G.) [ : http://www.ae-lib.org.
ua/salinger/Texts/RaiseHigh eRoofBeamCarpenters-en.htm]
« », LME, -
( rare), digit (ME), « ».
, ,
: arm,
leg, body, face.
, , : face
« » (), muzzle snout ,
arm – « », ME « »,
paw (ME).
nger , -
, (16). LME « » (
).
«»
: (); ( - ); (.) , ; , , . «»
: (20), ,
(20); - (20):
He's a nger, works in Fulham mostly. Small pro ts, quick returns
(Hopkins, K. 1960) [ : http://www.answers.com/
topic/ nger].
102
2.3. Соматизм как единица номинации и производящая база дериватов
nger
, « program that displays infor-
mation about a particular user or all users logged on the system, or a remote system. Typically shows full name, last login time, idle time, terminal
line, and terminal location (where applicable)» [ :
linux.about.com/cs/linux101/g/ nger.htm].
8. FOOT 22 NShOxD)
«». «, , ».
,
30.48 . , foot
:
Coleworthy was a knowledgeable woodsman and knew exactly to a
foot the value of all standing timber, every small spruce seedling on his
land (BNC);
, VII
(,
, ).
« , ; ; ()»:
Sun and satellites – the juxtaposition of large and small, like medieval dwellings clustered about the foot of a towering chateau or cathedral;
or like ducklings seeking the protection and domination of their mother
(BNC).
e cat was creeping stealthily through a patch of long grass towards
the foot of the largest tree (BNC).
–
–
: «, ,
». -
103
Глава 2. Соматическая лексика в аспекте словообразовательной категоризации
, «» (16). LME
«, ( ), ».
VII :
, , , . : () (LME – M17);
( – 18); , (L17-L18);
(L16-M18).
9. HAIR (7 NShOxD)
hair ()
. hair , ,
.
ME hair « , » (a hair of meal – ; lost by a
hair – ; by a hair – ). LME hair ,
, .
Hair : hair ( ) (L16); –
, .
hair .
10. HAND 19 NShOxD)
hand
«», «
(); ( )». hand «the
whole arm» – VII VIII . hand
«, , ; , , ; , ».
It seems therefore evident to reason, that whether the supreme power
is vested in the hands of many or few may be a matter of accident; but
104
2.3. Соматизм как единица номинации и производящая база дериватов
that it is clear enough, that when it is in the hands of the few, it will be a
government of the rich; when in the hands of the many, it will be a government of the poor; <…> for when the government is in the hands of the
rich, be they few or be they more, it is an oligarchy; when it is in the hands
of the poor, it is a democracy… (Aristotle. A Treatise on Government).
A right crescent kick to the defender’s leading hand (BNC).
«, , ». «, ; (
; )». L16 «, ( -.)».
: « ; ; (
)».
( nger, foot) hand « (4
)», (
) (16),
«, ( ), , ()» (18).
«» «,
» (LME) « (16).
On the ninth of January, now four days ago, I received by the evening
delivery a registered envelope, addressed in the hand of my colleague and
old school companion, Henry Jekyll (Dickens, Ch. Bleak House).
hand . , - : , (,
); , (a portrait of the
well-known hand); (17). 18 hand – , -
, (to be a bad hand at smth)
(He is known as a cool hand – ).
Hand , : ,
105
Глава 2. Соматическая лексика в аспекте словообразовательной категоризации
. hand « » (We need a fourth hand for bridge)
(L16) «, » (E17).
hand
. . : «Man's place in nature is largely writ upon his hand, and
many of the simplest and most familiar details of homely knowledge
become important when we examine our hands with the critical spirit
we would adopt towards the members of some strange and uncommon
beast» [Jones, 1920, @].
11. HEAD 32 NShOxD)
,
: « », « », « -
», « », «to be o one’s head», «to be above smb’s head»,
«to keep one’s head», «den Kopf voll (mit etwas) haben», «seinen Kopf
anstrengen» . , , -
, , – , .
Head ( ) . head
«the length of a head as a measure» ( e horse lost by a head.
She is two heads taller than he is – . . ), 16
.
«». head
«», 16 head
. LME head «, ,
» (She has a good head for mathematics).
e old writer, like all of the people in the world, had got, during his long
fe, a great many notions in his head (Anderson, Sh. Winesberg, Ohio)
head « , ( ), ( )».
106
2.3. Соматизм как единица номинации и производящая база дериватов
: « ,
; , (, ), (, ), (), (),
() . »,
: « -.:
, ; ; ; , ; , ». ,
«, (, , , ;
(, , ), (), ();
(, , ), (),
(); , ; (, ); , » .
: «, ; ,
; , ».
16 head ().
, ,
XV .
.
, head LME « ; ,
, », E20 – , .
«»
«, , », , –
,
().
«
, ».
. XVI
107
Глава 2. Соматическая лексика в аспекте словообразовательной категоризации
: , -. ,
. XVI «,
».
head -
:
e heads of almost all poor households in which the head was expected
to work had low weekly earnings (6. 09 out of 6. 66 million), while very few
households in which the head did not have low weekly earnings were poor
(0. 57 out of 48. 30 million) (Monthly Labor Review, Date: Sep 1, 1986).
12. HEART 20 NShOxD)
heart ( ) « » . « , ».
heart: «, , , », «, », «, , »; «, , ».
: «, , »,
«», « » (17).
It was a cheerful, hopeful letter, full of lively descriptions of camp life,
marches, and military news, and only at the end did the writer's heart
over- ow with fatherly love and longing for the little girls at home (Alcott,
L. M. Little Women).
How this was done and how, incidental-ly, the lost city of Pelone was
discovered, bringing joy to the heart of Professor Swyington Bumper, will
be found fully set forth in the book (Appleton, V. V. Tom Swi In e
Land Of Wonders).
heart «,
»: (dear heart, sweet heart),
16 heart ,
History…Tells of a few stout hearts that fought and died (W. Cowper).
[@: http://archive.org/stream/poeticalworksedi00cowp/poeticalworksedi00cowp_djvu.txt].
108
2.3. Соматизм как единица номинации и производящая база дериватов
«» «, »:
I split the melons with an old corn-knife, and we li ed out the hearts
and ate them with the juice trickling through our ngers (Willa, C. My
Antonia);
« , ,
.» (o ce in the heart of the city).
16 : heart
«, ». «, »
, .
, head «, ; , ; , » (,
, ), .
: «, » (LME), « ()» (16); « » (19).
, heart
: heart – « » ( – 18), «» (
), «» (.), , ,
- .
13. KNEE 7 NShOxD)
«
, » «
(lap)».
And yet I don't know,' he went on, spreading out the verses on his
knee, and looking at them with one eye; `I seem to see some meaning in
them, a er all (Carroll, L. Alice’s Adventures In Wonderland).
109
Глава 2. Соматическая лексика в аспекте словообразовательной категоризации
«»
LME. knee – .
, .
XII , , .
, ,
: (.) ; ; , (LME):
Again he beheld that ivory knee which alone remained outside of Torterue’s horrible apparatus (Hugo, V. Notre-Dame de Paris).
I knee .
14. LEG 13 NShOxD)
leg foot . (.
– to stand on one’s own two legs (feet).
– , : have the legs of – -,
, , - put one's best leg
rst – ; ; ; shake a leg – ,
.
Leg « »
«shank», . LME leg « ( , )».
/
: «»
(LME), «» (LME); « ; , , » (17):
is old gentleman, on carefully examining the maimed chair,
discovered that its broken leg might be clamped with iron and made as
serviceable as ever (Hawthorne, N. Grandfather’s Chair).
110
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