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3.3. Семантическая характеристика отсоматических производных
: handsome – -
, eye-some (L 16) – toothsome –
.
, -
, :
N1 + -ish Adj – brainish – (arch.) passion-
ate, headstrong), ,
:
N1 + -ward Adv – brainward;
N1 + -al Adj – facial – , -
;
a- + N1 Adv or Pred. Adj – afoot, ahead.
,
, : brainward –
; out-of-body – ;
( ):
Experts have found a way to trigger an out-of-body experience in
volunteers. (http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/6960612.stm)
brain-derived:
e neurotrophic factors that are covered include brain-derived neu-
rotrophic factor, neurotrophin 3, nerve growth factor, neurotrophin 4/5, …
(BIOTECH Patent News, Aug 1, 1999).
,
, .
,
.
, : earsy-kneesy-nosey. Fra Diavolo (1933).
. , ,
, . ,
.
191
Глава 3. Структурно-семантическое моделирование отсоматической лексики в английском языке
:
N1 + Ving Adj (ear-splitting, eye-beaming, eye-deceiving, eye-
catching; eye-deceiving; heart-eating, heart-rending, eye-glazing – -
; ; ; nger-licking – ;
head-turning – extremely noticeable or attractive (head-turning cos-
tumes); ear-grabbing – adj (Informal, of music) immediately capturing
and holding the attention of listeners);
N1 + PII Adj (handmade; body-centered; brain-fried, ear-bored;
eye-spotted; hand-reared, heart-wounded, brain-burned –
; ear-minded – (.)
; brain-damaged – (. ), ye-minded – (.) ; ; footworn – 1) , , , 2) ) , )
Syn: footsore; handheld – small and light enough to be operated while
you hold it in your hands; «a hand-held computer».
N1 + Ving Adj, N1 + PII Adj.
, ,
: (handmade, footworn) (ear-bored; er-splitting, heart-rending).
. ,
, .
– –ness, : eyedness, footedness,
heariness, handiness, handedness, headiness, heartiness, legginess, mouthiness, nosiness, skinniness, toothiness. ,
,
: N1 + -y Adj + -ness N2
:
tongue-tie – ;
192
3.3. Семантическая характеристика отсоматических производных
hair-splitting – . , ;
:
heart-whole – 1) ; ; 2) -
; , ; 3) , , ;
strong-arm – adj. using physical force or coercion: strong-arm tac-
tics;
mind-body – adj. of, involving, or resulting from the interrelationship
between one’s physical health and the state of one’s mind or spirit;
brain-sick – , , ;
open-faced – adj. 1) ; 2) , ;
footloose – ,
footsure – 1) , ; 2)
, , ;
headstrong – , , ,
.
-
, ,
. , –
(23 %).
,
(75 %). , , .
: – (, ) – (,
, ).
,
.
(. legless – ( -
) eye-glazing – ; ; ).
193
Глава 3. Структурно-семантическое моделирование отсоматической лексики в английском языке
– leg -less ( – . ),
,
. ,
, , .
, ,
. . , ( ), , , ,
, [, 2000: 114–115].
- , :
N1 + -hood N2 (bodihood); N1 + V-ing N2 (handwringing);
N1 + N2 N3 (arm-ache); N1 + Adj N2 (brain-dead); Adj. + N1
N2 (deadarm, drowsihead)
: arm-ache – ; brain-
dead – ; brain-tire – -
, , brainfag – ,
, , ; hair-trigger –
; hand-wringing – a physical expression of
concern, distress, or guilt; headache – ; drowsihead – ; heartbrake – , ; ; heartsore –
; bottleneck – , « » .
:
N1 + -y Adj + ness N2 – handiness – ,
; heartiness – ; eariness – n. fear or timidity,
especially of something supernatural
e sense of eariness, as twilight came on [De Quincey]
N1 + -ed Adj + ness N2 (heartedness;
– , -
; handedness – )
194
3.3. Семантическая характеристика отсоматических производных
N1 + -less Adj + ness N2 (heartlessness)
heartage, N1 + -age N2.
heartage , ,
, ( ),
( ): heart-
age – , ; , (. .):
«I'll send heartage your way. »
«Much Heartage!» ( : http://www. urbandic-
tionary. com/de ne. php?term=heartage)
-
, – head,
head. lustinead, bountihead, drearyhead, drunkenhead,
hardihead . –head ,
-hood.
-hood -
.
-head. -head .
, . godhood – «» (the
state of being devine) godhead – « , ».
, godhead .
, maidenhead maidenhood «, », maidenhood
«», maidenhead – «».
-
. -
195
Глава 3. Структурно-семантическое моделирование отсоматической лексики в английском языке
, : N1 + -er
N2 (mouther); N1 + -ful N2 (eyeful); N1 + N2 N3 (headtrip);
N2(possessive) + N1 N3 (sheep’s-eye). -
: brain-teaser – a problem or puzzle, typically one designed to be
solved for amusement; brain-child – , ; ;
(-.) , , brain-storm– (.)
( brainwave); (.)
, , brainpow-
er – ; sheep’s-eye – a modest, di dent look;
a loving glance; eye-popper – -. ,
(-. , . .); eye-catcher – , -
; earful – ; eyeful –
; knee-slapper – ,
(
);
:
brainworm – , ,
«» (. .)
I can turn my 'brain music' o whenever I choose, but others are not
so lucky. We all know how irritating a catchy tune can be, but imagine
being tormented by a single phrase for days on end, or living with incessant
loud music all day, every day. Sacks, with his typical gi for explaining the
workings of the brain, calls advertising jingles ‘brainworms’, designed to
get inside your head and stay there. Some people with certain neurological
conditions choose their own brainworms and repeat them endlessly in the
same way those with autism, Tourette’s syndrome or obsessive-compulsive
disorder may become hooked by a word or a noise and then repeat it,
aloud or to themselves, for weeks at a time. [ e keys to life by guardian.
co.uk / @: <a href=«http://www.thefreelibrary.com/ e+keys+to+lifea01611491819»> e keys to life</a>]
head-trip – 1) an intellectually stimulating experience 2) an act
performed primarily for self-grati cation:
Elsewhere, “ e Antikythera Mechanism’’ is a whimsical musical
head-trip of psychedelia and fantastic imagery [Daily News (Los Angeles,
CA). Sep 15, 2006]
196
3.3. Семантическая характеристика отсоматических производных
,
, – , .
:
N1 + N2 N3
N1 + Ving N2
:
N1 V
, , . , N V.
.
-, ,
:
- - 1)
:
arm-twisting – , ( ,
; ); arm-lock –
- ; body-search; brain-pick-
ing – . ; ; ( ); brain-washing – « » (
); ear-piercing – the practice of making holes in the
lobes or edges of the ears to allow the wearing of earrings; face-li –
; nger-printing – ;
hair-dressing; noseart; nosecount; noser – ; headhunting; to body – 1) ; to brain – ,
; to face – 1) , ; to
hair , ; ; to head – ;
197
Глава 3. Структурно-семантическое моделирование отсоматической лексики в английском языке
to leg – 4) ) ) ; 5)
(-.); to neck – ; ;
to skin – ) , ( ); ) ,
( , ) , ( )
2) :
foot ght – ; footwork – 1) (
, ) 2) ; hand-writing; handshake; handplay; hand-waving; handicapitation; headwork; knee-strike; legshow – «-
» ( ); legwork –
, , ;
body-popping – ; legbail – ; leg-pulling – , ; ; to arm – 1) , 2) , ;
to eye – , ; to ear –; to
nger – 1) , , , 2) -
( ), 3) , , 5) , , ; to foot –
1) ; 2) ( , );
3) , . . 4) -.,
-.; to hand – 1) , , ; (
), 2) ; , ; to head –
; ; to knee – ;
; to leg – 1) ; 2) ,
; to mouth – ; ,
; to nose – 1) ) , ) ,
, 2) ) ) , to skin – 1) ) , , ) , ,
; to tongue – 1) , , ; 2) , ; 3) ; 4)
; to tooth – ,
.
: , -
foot, leg, hand, eye, tongue, tooth , brain, neck, face, skin, hair.
198
3.3. Семантическая характеристика отсоматических производных
, -
. : , , ., ,
: noser – to nose – , ; to skin – , to skin –
, , .
: to arm – 1) , 2) , ; to nger – 1) , , , 2)
(
), 3) , , 5) , , ; to
foot – ( , ); to hand – 1) , , ; ( ), 2)
; , ; to head – ;
; to knee – ; ; to leg –
, ; to mouth – ; , ; to nose – 1) , 2) )
) , to skin – 1) ) , ,
; to tongue – 1) , , ; 2) , ; 3) ; 4)
; to tooth – , .
:
to ear –; to nose – , , to eye – , , .
to foot – 1) ;
2) , . . 5) -.,
-.; to leg – .
,
.
(foot, leg), -
199
Глава 3. Структурно-семантическое моделирование отсоматической лексики в английском языке
–
(ear, eye, nose), –
(arm, hand, nger, tongue .)
.
, , ,
« ».
, ,
. , (to nger – LME), -
(to head – ; L 18),
(to foot – M 16), (to hair – E 19) . .
, head brain -
, ,
.
: to head – ; ; to brain –
. ,
.
,
: to nger – , to tongue – -
; to mouth – , . .
: to head –
; to brain – , ; to
neck – , (
-; to leg – ( ) .
(: , , , , ,
.)
–
. - -
200
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