Бригадина О.В. История культуры России новейшего времени 1917-2000 гг

6. >ey ebd\b^Zpbb [_a]jZfhlghklb hj]ZgZf GZjh^gh]h dhfbkkZjbZlZ

ijhk\_s_gby ij_^hklZ\ey_lky bkihevah\Zlv gZjh^gu_ ^hfZ p_jd\b dem [u qZklgu_ ^hfZ ih^oh^ysb_ ihf_s_gby gZ nZ[jbdZo aZ\h^Zo b \ kh \_lkdbo mqj_`^_gbyo b l i

7. KgZ[`Zxsbf hj]ZgZf \f_gy_lky \ h[yaZgghklv m^h\e_l\hjylv aZ

ijhku mqj_`^_gbc bf_xsbo p_evx ebd\b^Zpbx [_a]jZfhlghklb ij_ bfms_kl\_ggh i_j_^ ^jm]bfb mqj_`^_gbyfb

8. Mdehgyxsb_ky hl mklZgh\e_gguo gZklhysbf ^_dj_lhf ih\bggh

kl_c b ij_iylkl\mxsb_ g_]jZfhlguf ihk_sZlv rdheu ijb\e_dZxlky d m]heh\ghc hl\_lkl\_gghklb

GZjdhfijhkm ihjmqZ_lky \ ^\mog_^_evguc kjhd ba^Zlv bgkljmdpbx ih ijbf_g_gbx gZklhys_]h ^_dj_lZ

Ij_^k_^Zl_ev Kh\_lZ GZjh^guo DhfbkkZjh\

< Mevygh\ E_gbg

MijZ\eyxsbc ^_eZfb Kh\_lZ GZjh^guo DhfbkkZjh\

<e ;hgq-;jm_\bq

>_dj_lu Kh\_lkdhc \eZklb F L K –51.

22. IhklZgh\e_gb_ KGD h j_hj]ZgbaZpbb ij_ih^Z\Zgby h[s_kl\_gguo gZmd \ \ukrbo mq_[guo aZ\_^_gbyo JKNKJ

^_dZ[jy ]

<\b^m djZcg_c mklZj_ehklb mq_[guo ieZgh\ ijh]jZff b f_lh^h\ ij_ih^Z\Zgby h[s_kl\_gguo gZmd \ \ukrbo mq_[guo aZ\_^_gbyo JKNKJ Z lZd`_ kh\_jr_gghc g_ijbkihkh[e_gghklb wlh]h ij_ih^Z\Zgby d hkgh\ guf ihlj_[ghklyf kh\_lkdh]h kljhbl_evkl\Z Kh\_l GZjh^guo DhfbkkZ jh\ ihklZgh\be

1. H[jZah\Zlv ijb GZjh^ghf dhfbkkZjbZl_ ih ijhk\_s_gbx dhfbk

kbx \ khklZ\_ ll ;h]he_ih\Z ;moZjbgZ ;ukljygkdh]h <he]bgZ =hco [Zj]Z EZjbgZ EmdbgZ FZjoe_\kdh]h Ihdjh\kdh]h JZ^_dZ Jhlrl_cgZ Kd\hjph\Z b Njbq_ ^ey dhj_ggh]h i_j_kfhljZ ij_ih^Z\Zgby h[s_kl\_g guo gZmd \ \ukrbo rdheZo J_kim[ebdb

2. H[yaZlv gZmqguc k_dlhj GZjh^gh]h dhfbkkZjbZlZ ijhk\_s_gby ij_^hklZ\blv \ jZkihjy`_gb_ Dhfbkkbb \k_ g_h[oh^bfu_ fZl_jbZeu,

mq_[gu_ ieZgu ijh]jZffu dhgki_dlu jmdh\h^kl\Z b l ^ Z lZd`_ kib kdb ebp dhbf ^h\_j_gh \ gZklhys__ \j_fy ij_ih^Z\Zgb_ h[s_kl\_gguo gZmd \ \ukr_c rdhe_

3. Ihjmqblv gZa\Zgghc \ i Dhfbkkbb \hclb \ kghr_gby k aZ]jZgbq

gufb mq_gufb fZjdkbklZfb aZdZaZ\ bf jy^ jmdh\h^kl\ ^ey \ukr_c rdheu ih h[s_kl\_gguf gZmdZf

40

4. Dhfbkkbb \f_gy_lky \ h[yaZgghklv g_ iha^g__ 15 yg\Zjy ]

ij_^klZ\blv q_j_a =hkm^Zjkl\_gguc mq_guc kh\_l ijb GZjh^ghf dhfbk kZjbZl_ ijhk\_s_gby gZ ml\_j`^_gb_ Kh\_lZ GZjh^guo DhfbkkZjh\

1. Gh\u_ mq_[gu_ ieZgu nZdmevl_lh\ b hl^_e_gbc ihk\ys_ggu_ ij_

ih^Z\Zgbx h[s_kl\_gguo gZmd Z jZ\gh ^_lZevgh jZajZ[hlZggu_ ijh]jZf fu hkgh\guo l_hj_lbq_kdbo dmjkh\ ih khhl\_lkl\mxsbf ^bkpbiebgZf

2.Kibkdb ebp dhbf fh`_l [ulv ihjmq_gh ij_ih^Z\Zgb_ h[s_kl\_g guo gZmd ih gh\uf ieZgZf b ijh]jZffZf

3.Dhfbkkby k\h_]h ZiiZjZlZ g_ bf__l ihevamykv lZdh\ufb gZmqgh]h k_dlhjZ GZjh^gh]h dhfbkkZjbZlZ ijhk\_s_gby

Ij_^k_^Zl_ev Kh\_lZ GZjh^guo DhfbkkZjh\ < Mevygh\ E_gbg MijZ\eyxsbc ^_eZfb Kh\_lZ GZjh^guo DhfbkkZjh\ < ;hgq-;jm_\bq K_dj_lZjv E Nhlb_\Z

< B E_gbg h gZmd_ b \ukr_f h[jZah\Zgbb F K

23. Ba j_r_gby iZjlbcgh]h kh\_sZgby ih \hijhkZf gZjh^gh]h h[jZah\Zgby

^_dZ[jv – yg\Zjv ]

H iheh`_gbb ^_l_c \ JKNKJ

H[kem`b\Zgb_ ^_lkdbo bgl_j_kh\ J_kim[ebdb – ijbagZlv i_j\hc

hq_j_^ghc aZ^Zq_c \ ^_e_ kh\_lkdh]h kljhbl_evkl\Z k \u^_e_gb_f \ m^Zj gmx ]jmiim \k_o ^_lkdbo mqj_`^_gbc GZjdhfijhkZ

G_h[oh^bfh qlh[u ^_lb gZoh^ysb_ky \ ^_lkdbo mqj_`^_gbyo hj ]Zgbah\Zggu_ . [ueb ijbqbke_gu d ]jmiiZf ihlj_[bl_e_c m^h\e_l\h

jy_fuo \ i_j\mx hq_j_^v aZ[jhgbjh\Zgb_f ijh^mdlh\ iblZgby lhieb\Z ij_^f_lh\ h^_`^u b h[m\b mq_[guo ijbgZ^e_`ghkl_c hlimkdZ_fuo kh ]eZkgh ieZgm kgZ[`_gby

,, G_h[oh^bfh g_f_^e_ggh_ \ha\jZs_gb_ kh \k_f h[hjm^h\Zgb_f a^Zgbc aZgyluo jZg__ ih^ ^jm]b_ mqj_`^_gby hl^_eZf gZjh^gh]h h[jZ ah\Zgby b \gh\v ih^l\_j^blv h g_^himklbfhklb aZgbfZlv a^Zgby aZgylu_ ^_lkdbfb mqj_`^_gbyfb ^ey dZdbo [u lh gb [ueh p_e_c

H j_nhjf_ \ukr_c rdheu

< lh `_ \j_fy g_h[oh^bfh \ukrmx rdhem iheblbq_kdb aZ\h_ \Zlv l _ \h-i_j\uo h[_ki_qblv j_\hexpbhggh_ gZijZ\e_gb_ __ jZ[hlu

\h-\lhjuo iheblbq_kdb \hkiblZlv \k_o ijhoh^ysbo q_j_a rdhem klm^_g lh\ \-lj_lvbo bkihevah\Zlv \ukrmx rdhem ^ey kha^Zgby \hafh`gh

[hevr_]h dhebq_kl\Z ki_pbZebklh\ \ur_^rbo ba ijhe_lZjbZlZ b \ hkh [_gghklb iZjlbcguo

41

>ey j_r_gby wlbo aZ^Zq g_h[oh^bfh ijbgylv g_f_^e_ggh ke_^mxsb_ f_ju

Z \ iZjlbcghf ihjy^d_ ihjmqblv f_klguf hj]ZgbaZpbyf hldhfZg^b

jh\Zlv \hafh`gh [hevr__ qbkeh iZjlbcguo lh\Zjbs_c ^ey ihemq_gby \ukr_]h h[jZah\Zgby;

[ ijh^he`Zlv kljhbl_evkl\h jZ[hqbo nZdmevl_lh\ ijbgbfZy gZ gbo bkdexqbl_evgh ijhe_lZjb_\ b \ i_j\mx hq_j_^v dhffmgbklh\;

\ \\_klb \h \k_o rdheZo ij_ih^Z\Zgb_ hkgh\guo iheblbq_kdbo ^bk

pbiebg ihebl]jZfhlu b hkh[uc dmjk kh\_lkdhc iheblbdb b kh\_lkdh]h kljhbl_evkl\Z \ dhgdj_lghc h[eZklb d dhlhjhc ]hlh\bl ^Zggh_ mq_[gh_ aZ\_^_gb_; wlb ij_^f_lu ijbagZlv h[yaZl_evgufb k ijh\_jdhc agZgbc

klm^_glh\ ih gbf; h[yaZlv iheblijhk\_lu ^Zlv e_dlhjh\;

] gZagZqblv djmiguo iZjlbcguo lh\Zjbs_c-hj]ZgbaZlhjh\ agZxsbo \ukrmx rdhem j_dlhjZfb \ukrbo mq_[guo aZ\_^_gbc; ijb g_^hklZld_

\iheg_ ih^oh^ysbo lh\Zjbs_c gZagZqZlv ohly [u b f_g__ hiulguo \ ^_e_ \ukr_]h h[jZah\Zgby gh klhcdbo b wg_j]bqguo iZjlbcguo lh\Zjb s_c – aZf_klbl_eyfb j_dlhjh\ ijb j_dlhjZo ba ijhn_kkhjh\

H jZ[hqbo nZdmevl_lZo

Ih ^hdeZ^Zf h jZ[hqbo nZdmevl_lZo iZjlbcgZy dhgn_j_gpby ihklZ gh\ey_l

1.Hkgh\ghc aZ^Zq_c jZ[hqbo nZdmevl_lh\ y\ey_lky ih^]hlh\dZ jZ[h qbo b dj_klvyg d \ukr_c rdhe_

2.Ih^]hlh\dZ ^he`gZ ^Z\Zlvky \ djZlqZcrbc kjhd gZ hkgh\_ bkihev ah\Zgby ijhn_kkbhgZevgh-l_ogbq_kdbo ihagZgbc jZ[hq_]h

3.JZ[hqb_ nZdmevl_lu khklZ\eyxl hj]Zgbq_kdmx qZklv \maZ b kljhykv ijb g_f y\eyxlky hjm^b_f ijhe_lZjbaZpbb \ukr_c rdheu

4.Ijhn_kkbhgZevgu_ khxau ijb jZa\_jkld_ khklZ\ey_fhc <PKIK

kh\f_klgh k <KGO b =eZ\ijhnh[jhf \u^_eyxl _`_]h^gh gZ jZ[hqb_ nZdmevl_lu hij_^_e_ggh_ dhebq_kl\h kemrZl_e_c k iheguf hk\h[h`^_ gb_f hl jZ[hlu \ ijhba\h^kl\_

5. IZjlbcgu_ dhfbl_lu ih kh]eZr_gbx k ijhnkh\_lZfb \u^_eyxl

aZ\_^mxsbo jZ[hqbfb nZdmevl_lZfb b Zdlb\gh jmdh\h^yl ihebljZ[hlhc gZ jZ[hqbo nZdmevl_lZo

6. GZjdhfijhkm g_h[oh^bfh h[jZlblv kZfh_ k_jv_agh_ \gbfZgb_ gZ

mdj_ie_gb_ kms_kl\mxsbo jZ[hqbo nZdmevl_lh\ b gZ hldjulb_ gh\uo ijb \maZo \lmaZo b \gh\v hldju\Z_fuo l_ogbdmfZo Kljhbl_evkl\h jZ[h qbo nZdmevl_lh\ ijbagZ_lky GZjdhfijhkhf m^Zjghc aZ^Zq_c

K[hjgbd ^hdmf_glh\ ih bklhjbb KKKJ« <ui –« K –76.

42

24. H k\yab iZjlbcguo hj]ZgbaZpbc k hj]ZgZfb gZjh^gh]h h[jZah\Zgby Pbjdmeyj PD JDI [

ghy[jy ]

>_eh gZjh^gh]h ijhk\_s_gby \ Kh\_lkdhc j_kim[ebd_ dZd \ kfuke_ ih^]hlh\db ohayckl\_gguo jZ[hlgbdh\ lZd b \ kfuke_ \ujZ[hldb \ fZk kZo gZk_e_gby b ih^jZklZxs_]h ihdhe_gby dhffmgbklbq_kdhc khagZ l_evghklb – _klv ^_eh ]em[hdh dhffmgbklbq_kdh_

IZjlbcguf hj]ZgbaZpbyf gZ^e_`bl h[jZlblv hkh[h_ \gbfZgb_ gZ hl ^_eu gZjh^gh]h h[jZah\Zgby b iheblijhk\_lu MklZgh\blv k gbfb ihklh yggmx hj]ZgbaZpbhggmx k\yav

>ey wlh]h

1. G_h[oh^bfh \u^\b]Zlv ^ey aZ\_^>h\Z@gby hl^_eZfb gZjh^gh]h h[

jZah\Zgby hl\_lkl\_gguo dhffmgbklh\ ^hklZlhqgh d\Zebnbpbjh\Zgguo ^ey wlhc jZ[hlu b ^hklZlhqgh \u^_j`Zgguo iheblbq_kdb

2. Dhfbl_lu iZjlbb ^he`gu aZkemrb\Zlv ^hdeZ^u hl^_eh\ gZjh^gh]h

h[jZah\Zgby g_ j_`_ h^gh]h jZaZ \ ljb f_kypZ gZ k\hbo ie_gZjguo aZk_ ^Zgbyo \ [xjh ]m[dhfh\ – _`_f_kyqgh

3.Dhfbl_lu ^he`gu ^_e_]bjh\Zlv gZ aZk_^Zgby dhee_]bc hlgZjh[h\hl^_eh\ gZjh^gh]h h[jZah\Zgby – Khkl ijb jZaj_r_gbb ijbgpbibZev guo \hijhkh\ k\hbo hl\_lkl\_gguo ij_^klZ\bl_e_c

4.<k_ ]eZ\g_crb_ f_jhijbylby ih gZjh^ghfm h[jZah\Zgbx ijh\h

^blv i_jbh^bq_kdb q_j_a h[km`^_gby iZjlbb gZqbgZy k gbarbo yq__d ^h ]m[_jgkdbo b \k_jhkkbckdbo dhgn_j_gpbc

5. >ey ijh\_^_gby \ `bagv ihklZgh\e_gby Kh\gZjdhfZ hl k_gly[jy k ] h[ mkbe_gbb kgZ[`_gby ijhk\_lbl_evguo mqj_`^_gbc aZ kq_l f_klguo

kj_^kl\ ijb\e_qv qe_gh\ iZjlbb d jZ[hl_ ih Z]blZpbb b hj]ZgbaZpbb Z lZd`_ gZ[ex^_gbx aZ bkiheg_gb_f iZjlbcguo ^bj_dlb\ b bgkljmdpbc GDI

6. H[jZlblv \gbfZgb_ gZ g_h[oh^bfhklv mqZklby dhffmgbklh\ \h \k_o

hj]ZgbaZpbyo k\yaZgguo k ijhk\_lbl_evgufb f_jhijbylbyfb dZdh\ufb y\eyxlky rdhevgu_ [b[ebhl_qgu_ kh\_lu dhfbl_lu kh^_ckl\by b ij

7. H[yaZlv iZjlbcgu_ dhfbl_lu \ k\hbo i_jbh^bq_kdbo hlq_lZo ih

bgklZgpbyf khh[sZlv h ijbgyluo bfb f_jZo ih ijh\_^_gbx gZklhys_c ^bj_dlb\u b ih ijZdlbq_kdhc ihfhsb hj]ZgZf GZjdhfijhkZ gZ f_klZo

GZjh^gh_ h[jZah\Zgb_ \ KKKJ K[ ^hdmf_glh\ 1917– ]] F

K 20–21.

25. GZjh^gh_ h[jZah\Zgb_ \ Af_bgh]hjkdhf jZchg_ih ^hdmf_glZf jZchggh]h Zjob\Z

«< ihklZgh\e_gbb ]m[bkihedhfZ hl Z\]mklZ ] ijbgylhf \ khhl\_lkl\bb k ihklZgh\e_gbyfb \ukrbo ]hkm^Zjkl\_gguo hj]Zgh\ ]h

43

\hjbehkv h \\_^_gbb ieZlgh]h h[mq_gby \ rdheZo , b ,, klmi_gb b ijh n_kkbhgZevgh-l_ogbq_kdbo mq_[guo aZ\_^_gbc < qZklghklb hlf_qZehkv

qlh ³ieZlZ aZ h[mq_gb_ dZ`^h]h mqZs_]hky \ghkblky« \ ke_^mxsbo jZa f_jZo

Z jZ[hqb_ b kem`Zsb_ ihemqZxsb_ `Zeh\Zgb_ hl ^h q_j\ jm[ \ f_kyp ieZlyl \ ]h^ jm[ – jm[ – jm[ – jm[ –23 jm[ b l ^

[ dmklZjb g_ ihevamxsb_ky gZ_fguf ljm^hf dj_klvyg_ h[mqZxsb_ k\hbo ^_l_c \ ]hjh^kdbo rdheZo – jm[

\ lhj]h\pu -]h jZajy^Z b kem`bl_eb dmevlh\ – jm[ b l ^

Hl hieZlu aZ h[mq_gb_ hk\h[h`^Zxlky

Z djZkghZjf_cpu \h_gfhju [ bg\Zeb^u ljm^Z b \hcgu

\ dj_klvyg_ k\h[h`^_ggu_ hl mieZlu ijh^gZeh]Z ] ]hkm^Zjkl\_ggu_ i_gkbhg_ju

\ jZ[hlgbdb ijhk\_s_gby

^ [_ajZ[hlgu_ aZj_]bkljbjh\Zggu_ gZ [bj`_ ljm^Z \ ^_lb ihebldZlhj`Zg

< dZ`^hc rdhe_ ^he`gh [ulv mklZgh\e_gh g_ f_g__ [_kieZlguo f_kl«´

I E BkZq_gdh – aZ\ Zjob\guf hl^_ehf

Hl_q_kl\_ggu_ Zjob\u ‹ K –99.

26. Ba \hkihfbgZgbc klm^_gldb KZjZlh\kdh]h mgb\_jkbl_lZ : B Dme_rh\hc

Ljm^gufb [ueb b mkeh\by aZgylbc \ mgb\_jkbl_l_ Q_luj_ ij_-

djZkguo dhjimkZ mgb\_jkbl_lZ ihkljh_ggu_ _s_ ^h \hcgu ] hq_gv iehoh hlZieb\Zebkv Fu kb^_eb \ Zm^blhjbyo \ iZevlh gZrbf ijhn_k khjZf [ueb \u^Zgu \Ze_gdb b khe^Zlkdb_ \Zlgu_ dmjldb Hq_gv ljm^gh [ueh aZibku\Zlv ^Z`_ dZjZg^Zrhf G_kfhljy gZ wlh aZgylby ijhoh^beb k [hevrbf ih^t_fhf b kh klhjhgu ijhn_kkhjh\ b ij_ih^Z\Zl_e_c b kh klhjhgu klm^_glh\

ReZ ]jZ`^ZgkdZy \hcgZ klm^_glu [ueb \j_f_ggh fh[bebah\Zgu Fu jueb hdhiu b mklZgZ\eb\Zeb aZ]jZ`^_gby ba dhexq_c ijh\hehdb \[ebab KZjZlh\Z DhfZg^h\Ze gZfb djZkghZjf__p \ ihgbfZgbb dhlhjh]h klm ^_glu [ueb [mj`myfb

KhklZ\ klm^_glh\-khdmjkgbdh\ [ue jZaghh[jZaguf >ey ihklmie_gby

\ mgb\_jkbl_l lh]^Z g_ lj_[h\Zehkv g_ lhevdh wdaZf_gh\ gh ^Z`_ aZdhg q_ggh]h kj_^g_]h h[jZah\Zgby Ihke_ Hdly[jvkdhc j_\hexpbb KZjZlh\

44

kdZy ^moh\gZy k_fbgZjby [ueZ aZdjulZ b g_dhlhju_ k_fbgZjbklu klZj rbo deZkkh\ _s_ g_ dhgqZ\rb_ k_fbgZjbx ihlygmebkv gZ bklhjbdh-

nbeheh]bq_kdbc nZdmevl_l mgb\_jkbl_lZ Kj_^b gbo [ue ^Z`_ kug k_ev kdh]h ihghfZjy H^gZ ba gZrbo klm^_glhd [ueZ ^hq_jvx [h]Zlh]h ^h 1917 ] kZjZlh\kdh]h ^hfh\eZ^_evpZ Z fhc lh\Zjbs ih mgb\_jkbl_lm

ihlhf Zjo_heh] G > Kl_iZgh\ – kughf jZ[hq_]h-ke_kZjy Gh [hevrbg

kl\h [ueh \k_ `_ ^_lvfb ba bgl_eeb]_glguo k_f_c \jZq_c i_^Z]h]h\ kem`Zsbo

Ihk_s_gb_ e_dpbc g_ [ueh h[yaZl_evguf g_ [ueb mklZgh\e_gu b l\_j^u_ kjhdb hdhgqZgby mgb\_jkbl_lZ Lhevdh ^\h_ k\ys_ggbd b y dhgqbeb q_j_a e_l gh [hevrbgkl\h ihklmib\rbo \ ] mqbebkv ih

b ^Z`_ e_l

<wlh \j_fy ZkibjZglmju _s_ g_ [ueh Z hklZ\e_gb_ ijb mgb\_jkbl_ l_ dhlhjh_ ijZdlbdh\Zehkv \ ^hj_\hexpbhggh_ \j_fy \ fm`kdbo mgb\_j kbl_lZo \ gZqZe_ -o m`_ lZd`_ g_ [ueh ijbgylh

Hl_q_kl\_ggZy bklhjby ‹ K –134.

27. Ba ^hdeZ^Z GZjdhfijhkZ JKNKJ h khklhygbb ^_lkdhc [_kijbahjghklb b [hjv[_ k g_c

]

! Ih ^Zgguf h[eZklguo b ]m[_jgkdbo hl^_eh\ gZjh^gh]h h[jZah \Zgby \ ]m[ b h[eZklyo >JKNKJ@ bf__lky [_kijbahjguo l _

hdheh q_e \ kj_^g_f gZ ]m[_jgbx beb h[eZklv IjbgbfZy \h \gb

fZgb_ qlh \ h[eZklb k gZb[hevrbf qbkehf [_kijbahjguo kj_^g__ qbkeh [_kijbahjguo gZ ]m[_jgbx b h[eZklv ih \k_c JKNKJ ke_^m_l ihgbablv mkeh\gh ^h wlh ijb ih^kq_l_ \k_]h qbkeZ [_kijbahjguo ih JKNKJ ^Z_l hdheh [_kijbahjguo ^_l_c b ih^jhkldh\

Ih ^Zgguf >_ldhfbkkbb ijb <PBD [_kijbahjguo gm`^Zxsboky \ ijb_f_ \ ^_lmqj_`^_gby b \ qZklbqghc fZl_jbZevghc ihfhsb ih JKNKJ \f_kl_ k Z\lhghfgufb j_kim[ebdZfb bf__lky 157 ^_l_c

b ih^jhkldh\

GZb[hevr__ dhebq_kl\h [_kijbahjguo \ \hajZkl_ – e_l f_gvr_ ^h e_l b agZqbl_evgh f_gvr_ hl 15–16 e_l Ih gZpbhgZevghklb Z[kh exlgh_ [hevrbgkl\h – jmkkdb_ _klv agZqbl_evgu_ ]jmiiu [_kijbahjguo lZlZj b qm\Zr_c b agZqbl_evgh_ qbkeh ^jm]bo gZpbhgZevghkl_c

Mkeh\by [hjv[u k ^_lkdhc [_kijbahjghklvx ^h k_]h \j_f_gb [ueb b ijh^he`Zxl hklZ\Zlvky djZcg_ g_[eZ]hijbylgufb Ihke_^gb_ ]h^u ^_l kdb_ mqj_`^_gby h[kem`b\Zxsb_ [_kijbahjguo ^_l_c g_ij_ju\gh kh djZsZebkv ^Z b l_i_jv _s_ ijh^he`Zxl khdjZsZlvky LZd \ ] [ueh

45

^ ^hfZ \ gbo ^_l_c gZ – 25 ] [ueh ^_lkdbo ^h fh\ \ gbo ^_l_c

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47

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