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2.2. Answer the following questions:

  1. Why is proper diet important for farm animals?

  2. What should rations possess?

  3. What groups can feeds be classified into?

  4. What feeds belong to roughages?

  5. How do alfalfa and clover hays differ from timothy hay?

  6. What nutrients does hay contain?

  7. What do succulents include?

  8. What feeds belong to concentrates?

2.3. Complete the sentences with the following words and word combinations from the text:

  1. A proper diet for farm animals maintains ________________.

  2. Dry roughage feeds are high in _______ and low in _________.

  3. Succulent feeds contain ____________.

  4. The dry matter is rich in ____________.

  5. Concentrates are low in ________ and high in ____________.

2.4. Translate the following sentences into English:

1. Кормление играет важную роль в разведении сельскохозяйственных животных. 2. Корма делятся на три основные группы: грубые, сочные и концентрированные. 3. Грубые корма включают различные виды сена, солому. 4. К сочным кормам относятся корнеплоды, силос и фуражные травы. 5. Овес, ячмень, пшеничные отруби, кукуруза и др. имеют высокое содержание клетчатки и недостаточно содержат усваиваемые питательные вещества.

2.5. Fill in the chart with the information from the text and speak about the main classes of feeds:

CLASSES OF FEEDS

  1. Hay from grasses

3.1. Read the text and speak about hay from different grasses:

Hay from timothy and other grasses is generally much inferior to legume hay for dairy cattle. It is low in protein when cut at the usual stage of growth, is not high in calcium, is commonly even lower in phosphorus than legume hay, and is lower in vitamin A than well-cured legume hay. Such grass hay is also much less palatable to dairy cows than is good legume hay, and therefore the cows will not eat so much of it. As a result, in order to secure good production they must be fed a larger amount of grain and other concentrates than is needed with legume hay.

Timothy hay or hay from other grasses, cut not later than full bloom and even earlier, is greatly superior for dairy cattle to grass hay cut at the usual stage of maturity. This is because it is much more palatable and is considerably higher in protein, especially when grown on well-fertilized land.

When there is insufficient legume hay to feed liberally throughout the barn-feeding period to all the herd, it is best to give the cattle one feed of legume hay a day, rather than to use it all up during a part of the winter and then confine them to non-legume roughage for the rest of the time.

If grass hay is fed, with or without silage, as the chief roughage to dairy cows, it is wise to add a calcium supplement to the ration.

    1. Answer the questions:

  1. Why is hay from timothy and other grasses inferior to legume hay?

  2. What kind of hay is fed during the barn-feeding period?

  3. Is grass hay fed to dairy cows with or without silage?