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Файл:Английский язык для менеджеров. Учебное пособие
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UNIT 4. TYPES OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT
Exercise 12. Read and translate the text B into Russian
ora lly.
TEXT B
DEFINING HUMAN RESOURCES
Human resources are the set of individuals who make
up the workforce of an organization, business sector, or economy. “Human capital” is sometimes used synonymously with
human resources, although human capital typically refers to a
more narrow view (i.e., the knowledge the individuals embody
and can contribute to an organization). Likewise, other terms
sometimes used include “manpower”, “talent”, “labor”, or simply “people”.
The professional discipline and business function that
oversees an organization’s human resources is called human
resource management (HRM, or simply HR).
From the corporate objective, employees are viewed
as assets to the enterprise, whose value is enhanced by development. Hence, companies will engage in a barrage of human
resource management practices to capitalize on those assets.
In governing human resources, three major trends are
typically considered:
1. Demographics: the characteristics of a population/
workforce, for example, age, gender or social class. This type
of trend may have an effect in relation to pension offerings,
insurance packages etc.
2. Diversity: the variation within the population/workplace. Changes in society now mean that a larger proportion
of organizations are made up of “baby-boomers” or older employees in comparison to thirty years ago. Advocates of “workplace diversity” advocate an employee base that is a mirror
reflection of the make-up of society insofar as race, gender,
sexual orientation etc.
3. Skills and qualifications: as industries move from manual to more managerial professions so does the need for more
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UNIT 4. TYPES OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT
highly skilled graduates. If the market is “tight”, employers
must compete for employees by offering financial rewards,
community investment, etc.
Exercise 13. Read and translate the text B into Russian
ora lly.
TEXT C
DEFINING MANAGEMENT ENTITIES
Management involves the manipulation of the human capital of an enterprise to contribute to the success of the enterprise. This implies effective communication: an enterprise environment (as opposed to a physical or mechanical mechanism),
implies human motivation and implies some sort of successful
progress or system outcome. As such, management is not the
manipulation of a mechanism (machine or automated program), not the herding of animals, and can occur in both a legal as well as illegal enterprise or environment. Based on this,
management must have humans, communication, and a positive enterprise endeavor. Plans, measurements, motivational
psychological tools, goals, and economic measures (profit, etc.)
may or may not be necessary components for there to be management. At first, one views management functionally, such
as measuring quantity, adjusting plans, meeting goals. This
applies even in situations where planning does not take place.
From this perspective, Henri Fayol (1841–1925) considers management to consist of six functions: 1) forecasting; 2) planning;
3) organizing; 4) commanding; 5) coordinating; 6) controlling
BUSINESS ENGLISH
TELEPHONIG
Telephoning: Who’s calling, please?
Telephone vocabulary
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UNIT 4. TYPES OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT
ASKING IF SOMEONE IS IN
Person calling
Can I speak to Mr Bild, please?
Hello, is George there by any chance?
Could you put me through to Mrs Dylan, please?
I’d like to speak to your husband if I may.
PERSON WANTED IS NOT THERE
Person called
I’m afraid she isn’t in at the moment.
Sorry, she’s just gone out. Would you like to ring back later?
He’s away for a few days. Can I give him a message? He’s out
of town this week, I’m afraid.
WHEN WILL THE PERSON WANTED BE IN?
Person calling
What time could I reach her? Will he be at home this evening?
Can I contact him on Saturday? Right, I’ll phone again next
week.
RINGING OFF
Person calling Thanks a lot. Goodbye. I’ll get back to you soon.
OK. Bye bye.
Person called Thanks a lot. Goodbye. Thanks for calling. OK.
Bye bye.
Person calling
I’d like to speak to somebody about...? Can you help me to find
out something
about...? What’s the position on...? Can you deliver them sooner
than we agreed?
We’d like earlier delivery if possible. Could you bring delivery
forward by a few weeks?
Person called
What’s the order number?
Can you give me the reference number?
When did you place the order?
Well, I’ll have to check with the workshop. 1 can’t tell you right
now, but 1 can look into it.
Can I let you know the situation tomorrow? I’ll ring you back
if you like.
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UNIT 4. TYPES OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT
Exercise 14. Read and translate the following information about the famous person in sphere of management
Frederick Taylor. Discuss this person with your classmates. Discuss whether this person is inspiration for
younger managers. Whether the information about this
person inspired you.
Famous People in Management:
Frederick Winslow Taylor is an
American inventor and engineer
known as the father of scientific
management.
In Taylor’s seminal work called
The principles of scientific management he puts forward his ideas
of `Scientific Management’ (sometimes referred to today as “Taylorism”) which differed from traditional `Initiative and Incentive’
methods of management.
Key theories of Taylor’s scien-
Frederick Winslow
Taylor
(18 5 6 –1915)
tific management
The four principles of scientific
management by Taylor are that:
1. Each part of an individual’s work is analyzed ‘scientifically’, and the most efficient
method for undertaking the job is devised; the ‘one best way’
of working. This consists of examining the implements needed
to carry out the work, and measuring the maximum amount
a ‘first-class’ worker could do in a day; workers are then expected to do this much work every day.
2. The most suitable person to undertake the job is chosen, again ‘scientifically’. The individual is taught to do the
job in the exact way devised. Everyone, according to Taylor,
had the ability to be ‘first-class’ at some job. It was management’s role to find out which job suited each employee and
train them until they were first-class.
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UNIT 4. TYPES OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT
3. Managers must cooperate with workers to ensure the
job is done in the scientific way.
4. There is a clear ‘division’ of work and responsibility
between management and workers. Managers concern themselves with the planning and supervision of the work, and
workers carry it out.
Suggestion schemes: Taylor proposed a form of incentive
for employees to make suggestions if they felt an improvement
could be made to either the method or the implement used to undertake a task. After analysis of the suggestion, and if it was
introduced into the workplace, ‘The workman should be given
the full credit for the improvement, and should be paid a cash
premium as a reward for his ingenuity. In this way the true
initiative of the workmen is better attained under scientific
management than under the old individual plan.’
Criticism
In many ways Taylor’s philosophy lies in direct opposition
to today’s best practice. The most common criticism of Taylor
is that his approach is too mechanistic — treating people like
machines rather than human beings with the result being a onesize-fits-all approach to people management and training that
fails to recognize the complexity of human motivations.
Источник:
(https://www.bl.uk/people/frederick-winslow-taylor)
Exercise 15. Brainstorming. Group talk. Pay attention
to the information from the text. Which from the abovementioned key theories of management by Frederick
Taylor do you think the most and the least important?
What theory do you like and prefer the most? Do you agree
with Frederick Taylor’s conception? Discuss with your
classmates. Try to use the following set-phrases:
• I think…
• I suppose…
• I consider…
• It seems to me that…
• As for me…
• In my opinion…
• To my mind…
• As I understand that…
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UNIT 4. TYPES OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT
• Definitely…
• To be more precise…
• Generally speaking…
• Frankly speaking…
• I doubt…
• I’m (not) sure…
• I agree that…
• I disagree that…
Exercise 16. Translate the following information into
Russian.
HRM — Introduction
Human Resource Management (HRM) is an operation
in companies designed to maximize employee performance
in order to meet the employer’s strategic goals and objectives.
More precisely, HRM focuses on management of people within
companies, emphasizing on policies and systems.
In short, HRM is the process of recruiting, selecting employees, providing proper orientation and induction, imparting proper training and developing skills.
HRM also includes employee assessment like performance appraisal, facilitating proper compensation and benefits, encouragement, maintaining proper relations with labor
and with trade unions, and taking care of employee safety,
welfare and health by complying with labor laws of the state
or country concerned.
The Scope of HRM
The scope of HRM is very wide. It consists of all the functions that come under the banner of human resource management. The different functions are as follows ô
Human Resources Planning
It is the process by which a company identifies how many
positions are vacant and whether the company has excess staff
or shortage of staff and subsequently deals with this need
of excess or shortage.
Job Analysis Design
Job analysis can be defined as the process of noticing and regulating in detail the particular job duties and
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UNIT 4. TYPES OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT
requirements and the relative importance of these duties for
a given job.
Job analysis design is a process of designing jobs where
evaluations are made regarding the data collected on a job.
It gives an elaborate description about each and every job
in the company.
Recruitment and Selection
With respect to the information collected from job analysis, the company prepares advertisements and publishes them on various social media platforms. This is known
as recruitment.
A number of applications are received after the advertisement is presented, interviews are conducted and the deserving
employees are selected. Thus, recruitment and selection is yet
another essential area of HRM.
Orientation and Induction
After the employees are selected, an induction or orientation program is organized. The employees are updated about
the background of the company as well as culture, values, and
work ethics of the company and they are also introduced to the
other employees.
Training and Development
Employees have to undergo a training program, which
assists them to put up a better performance on the job.
Sometimes, training is also conducted for currently working
experienced staff so as to help them improve their skills further. This is known as refresher training.
Performance Appraisal
After the employees have put in around 1 year of service, performance appraisal is organized in order to check
their performance. On the basis of these appraisals, future promotions, incentives, and increments in salary are
decided.
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UNIT 4. TYPES OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT
Compensation Planning and Remuneration
Under compensation planning and remuneration, various rules and regulations regarding compensation and related aspects are taken care of. It is the duty of the HR department to look into remuneration and compensation planning.
Features of HRM
Human Resource Management as a discipline includes
the following features —
It is pervasive in nature, as it is present in all industries.
It focuses on outcomes and not on rules.
It helps employees develop and groom their potential
completely.
It motivates employees to give their best to the
company.
It is all about people at work, as individuals as well
as in groups.
It tries to put people on assigned tasks in order to have
good production or results.
It helps a company achieve its goals in the future
by facilitating work for competent and well-motivated
employees.
It approaches to build and maintain cordial
relationship among people working at various levels
in the company.
Basically, we can say that HRM is a multi-disciplinary activity, utilizing knowledge and inputs drawn from psychology,
economics, etc.
Источник:
(https://www.tutorialspoint.com/)
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UNIT 4. TYPES OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT
CONCLUSION PART:
Exerci se 17. Work in pairs. Act out a dialogue.
ROLE PLAY:
Student A Student B
You are a manager
You are a reporter.
Ask as many questions
as possible about types
of management
Swap the roles.
Exercise 18. Sit back-to-back in pairs. Student A should
‘ring’ student В. Change roles when you have done the
calls once.
ROLE PLAY:
working on a prestigious
organization. Answer
to reporter about types
of management. Give
as many details as possible.
Variant 1
You are Donald Scott, a salesman with Supersit Inc. Your
price per chair (model Al) is $32.95. Discounts for large orders
are 7% (up to 500), 10% (up to 1000) and 12% (over 1000). You
can, if you wish, increase these by up to 2% but not more. You
have a new, better chair (model A2) which costs $40 but there
is a special introductory discount of 15% (up to 500) and 20%
(above 500).
Variant 2
You work for Global Travel. There are flights from
London to Torino at 9.30 (arr. 11.40, British Airways, BA 552,
£165 PEX) and at 12.00 (arr. 14.15, Alitalia, AL 791, £145 s pe-
cial price).
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UNIT 4. TYPES OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT
Variant 3
You are Jane Lever. You want to buy a Datapower 512
computer. You have seen them at £110 0—£1250 in computer
shops. You have asked Compsell, a big London computer distributor, to ring and give you a price.
Exercise 18. Look through the information below. Prepare
you own project for creation of new company. Use as an example information about Microsoft Corporation.
PROJECT:
Vital Statistics:
Title:
Type: Public
Traded as: NASDAQ: MSFT, NASDAQ-100 component, DJIA
component, S&P 100 component, S&P 500 component
Industry: Computer software, Computer hardware, Consumer
electronics, Social networking service, Cloud computing,
Video games, Internet, Corporate venture capital
Founded: April 4, 1975; 43 years ago in Albuquerque, New
Mexico, U.S.
Founders: Bill Gates, Paul Allen
Headquarters: One Microsoft Way, Redmond, Washington,
U.S.
Area served: Worldwide
Key people: John W. Thompson (chairman), Brad Smith (pres-
ident and CLO),
Satya Nadella (CEO), Bill Gates (technical advisor)
Products: Windows, Office, Servers, Skype, Visual Studio,
Dynamics, Xbox, Surface, Mobile, List of software
Revenue: Increase US$110.36 billion (2018)
Number of employees: 134,944 (2018)
Web s ite: microsoft.com
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