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Файл:Английский язык для менеджеров. Учебное пособие
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UNIT 2. FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT
INTRODUCTION PART
GROUP AND PAIR DISCUSSION
Exercise 1. What do you already know about functions
of management? Answer the following questions below.
In pairs or small groups, discuss your ideas and summarize them within 5–7 sentences
Discuss these questions in class.
1. What functions of management do you know?
2. What are the aims of each function of management?
3. What are pro and cons of each function
of management?
4. Which elements does each function of manage-
ment have?
5. Which function of management do you consider
the most effective?
Exercise 2. Read and translate the following quote.
1. Explain how you understand it.
2. Say whether you agree or disagree with the quote.
3. Explain your position.
4. Try to convince your classmates with opposite posi-
tion than yours.
“The essence of management is to make knowledge
productive.”
Use the following set-phrases:
• I think…
• I suppose…
• I consider…
• It seems to me that…
— 61 —
• As for me…
• In my opinion…
• To my mind…
• As I understand that…
— Peter Drucker
UNIT 2. FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT
• Definitely…
• To be more precise…
• Generally speaking…
• Frankly speaking…
• I doubt…
• I’m (not) sure…
• I agree that…
• I disagree that…
MAIN PART
LIST OFWORDS AND WORD COMBINATIONS:
1. planning
2. organizing
3. staffing
4. directing
5. controlling
6. problem solving
7. decision making
8. determination
[ˈplænɪŋ]
[ˈɔːgənaɪzɪŋ]
[ˈstɑːfɪŋ]
[dɪˈrɛktɪŋ]
[kənˈtrəʊlɪŋ]
[ˈprɒbləm ˈsɒlvɪŋ]
[dɪˈsɪʒən ˈmeɪkɪŋ]
[dɪˌtɜːmɪˈneɪʃən]
планирование
организация,
подготовка
укомплектовывание штата, подбор и расстановка
кадров
руководство
контроль
решение проблемы
принятие решения
определение,
установление
9. productive relationship
10. personnel
11. to organize
12. activity
identification
13. assignment
of duties
[prəˈdʌktɪv
rɪˈleɪʃənʃɪp]
[ˌpɜːsəˈnɛl]
[ˈɔːgənaɪz]
[ækˈtɪvɪti
aɪˌdɛntɪfɪˈkeɪʃən]
[əˈsaɪnmənt
ɒv ˈdjuːtiz]
— 62 —
плодотворные
отношения
штат, кадры
организовывать
описание работы
распределение
полномочий
UNIT 2. FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT
14. delegation
of authority
15. manning
16. to man
17. appraisal
18. manpower
planning
19. to estimate
20. recruitment
21. selection
22. placement
[ˌdɛlɪˈgeɪʃən
ɒv ɔːˈθɒrɪti]
[ˈmænɪŋ]
[mæn]
[əˈpreɪzəl]
[ˈmænˌpaʊə
ˈplænɪŋ]
[ˈɛstɪmɪt]
[rɪˈkruːtmənt]
[sɪˈlɛkʃən]
[ˈpleɪsmənt]
передача (предоставление) полномочий
укомплектование
рабочей силой;
укомплектованность
укомплектовать
штат (персонал)
деловая характеристика работника, оценка (работы подчиненного)
планирование
рабочей силы
оценивать
набор
отбор
определение
на должность
23. training
24. remuneration
25. performance
appraisal
[ˈtreɪnɪŋ]
[rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən]
[pəˈfɔːməns
əˈpreɪzəl]
— 63 —
стажировка, тренинг
оплата, возмещение, компенсация
оценка эффективности деятельности, оценка деловых качеств,
аттестация
сотрудников
UNIT 2. FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT
26. promotion
27. transfer
28. to actuate
29. supervision
30. leadership
31. to imply
32. overseeing
33. subordinate
34. superior
35. to inspire
36. to encourage
37. zeal to work
[prəˈməʊʃən]
[ˈtrænsfə(ː)]
[ˈæktjʊeɪt]
[ˌsjuːpəˈvɪʒən]
[ˈliːdəʃɪp]
[ɪmˈplaɪ]
[ˌəʊvəˈsiːɪŋ]
[səˈbɔːdnɪt]
[sju(ː)ˈpɪərɪə]
[ɪnˈspaɪə]
[ɪnˈkʌrɪʤ]
[ziːl tuː wɜːk]
повышение
в должности,
продвижение
по службе
перевод
приводить в действие
наблюдение
управление персоналом
подразумевать
контроль
подчиненный
начальство
вдохновлять
поощрять
рвение (энтузиазм) к работе
38. monetary
39. to define
40. to guide
41. deviation
42. conformity
[ˈmʌnɪtəri]
[dɪˈfaɪn]
[gaɪd]
[ˌdiːvɪˈeɪʃən]
[kənˈfɔːmɪti]
— 64 —
денежный
определять
вести, управлять
отклонение
соответствие
UNIT 2. FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT
TEXT A
FUNCTIONS OFMANAGEMENT
(1) Management has been described as a social process involving responsibility for economical and effective planning
& regulation of operation of an enterprise in the fulfillment
of given purposes. It is a dynamic process consisting of various elements and activities. These activities are different from
operative functions like marketing, finance etc.
(2) Different experts have classified functions of management. There are five fundamental functions of management
i.e. planning, organizing, staffing, directing and controlling.
(3) For theoretical purposes, it may be convenient to separate the function of management but practically these functions are overlapping in nature i.e. they are highly inseparable. Each function blends into the other & each affects the
performance of others.
Photo from https://www.managementstudyg uide.com/
Planning
(4) It is the basic function of management. It deals with
chalking out a future course of action & deciding in advance the most appropriate course of actions for achievement
— 65 —
UNIT 2. FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT
of pre-determined goals. “Planning is deciding in advance —
what to do, when to do & how to do. It bridges the gap from
where we are & where we want to be”.
(5) A plan is a future course of actions. It is an exercise
in problem solving & decision making. Planning is determination of courses of action to achieve desired goals. Thus,
planning is a systematic thinking about ways & means for
accomplishment of pre-determined goals. Planning is necessary to ensure proper utilization of human & non-human
resources. It is all pervasive, it is an intellectual activity
and it also helps in avoiding confusion, uncertainties, risks,
wastages etc.
Organizing
(6) It is the process of bringing together physical, financial and human resources and developing productive relationship amongst them for achievement of organizational goals.
“To organize a business is to provide it with everything useful
or its functioning i.e. raw material, tools, capital and personnel’s”. To organize a business involves determining & providing human and non-human resources to the organizational
structure.
(7) Organizing as a process involves:
Identification of activities.
Classification of grouping of activities.
Assignment of duties.
Delegation of authority and creation of responsibility.
Coordinating authority and responsibility relation-
ships.
Staffing
(8) It is the function of manning the organization structure and keeping it manned. Staffing has assumed greater importance in the recent years due to advancement of technology, increase in size of business, complexity of human behavior
etc. The main purpose of staffing is to put right man on right.
Managerial function of staffing involves manning the organization structure through proper and effective selection,
— 66 —
UNIT 2. FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT
appraisal & development of personnel to fill the roles designed
un the structure”.
(9) Staffing involves:
Manpower Planning (estimating man power in terms
of searching, choose the person and giving the right
place).
Recruitment, Selection & Placement.
Training & Development.
Remuneration.
Performance Appraisal.
Promotions & Transfer.
Directing
(10) It is that part of managerial function which actuates
the organizational methods to work efficiently for achievement
of organizational purposes. It is considered life-spark of the
enterprise which sets it in motion the action of people because
planning, organizing and staffing are the mere preparations
for doing the work. Direction is that aspect of management
which deals directly with influencing, guiding, supervising,
motivating sub-ordinate for the achievement of organizational goals.
(11) Direction has following elements:
Supervision;
Motivation;
Leadership;
Communication.
(12) Supervision — implies overseeing the work of subordinates by their superiors. It is the act of watching & directing
work & workers.
(13) Motivation — means inspiring, stimulating or encouraging the subordinates with zeal to work. Positive, negative, monetary, non-monetary incentives may be used for this
purpose.
(14) Leadership — may be defined as a process by which
manager guides and influences the work of subordinates
in desired direction.
— 67 —
UNIT 2. FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT
(15) Communications — is the process of passing information, experience, opinion etc from one person to another.
It is a bridge of understanding.
Controlling
(16) It implies measurement of accomplishment against
the standards and correction of deviation if any to ensure
achievement of organizational goals. The purpose of controlling is to ensure that everything occurs in conformities
with the standards. An efficient system of control helps to predict deviations before they actually occur.
(17) Controlling has following steps:
a) Establishment of standard performance.
b) Measurement of actual performance.
c) Comparison of actual performance with the standards
and finding out deviation if any.
d) Corrective action.
Источник:
(https://www.managementstudyguide.com/
management_functions.htm)
Пояснение к тексту:
to chalk (out) — намечать
to separate — разделять
to overlap — частично совпадать
inseparable — неотделимый
to blend — сливаться
to bridge the gap — преодолеть разрыв
to ensure proper utilization — обеспечить надлежащее
использование
raw material — сырье
in advance — заранее, заблаговременно
mere preparation — по большей части (не более
чем) — подготовка
establishment of standard performance —установление
нормативной интенсивности труда
— 68 —
UNIT 2. FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT
measurement of actual performance — измерение фактической производительности (экономического показателя)
corrective action корректирующие действия (в проекте)
EXERCISES TOTHE TEXT & COMPREHENSION
Exercise 1. Read and translate the text orally. Pay special
attention to the grammatical material and terms from the
vocabulary presented in the text.
Exercise 2. Answer the following questions to the text.
1. How has management been described?
2. What are the fundamental functions of management?
3. Can these functions be separated from each other?
4. What is planning?
5. What does planning deal with?
6. What is a plan?
7. What kind of exercise can a plan be?
8. Why is planning necessary?
9. What is organizing?
10. What does organizing involve?
11. What is staffing?
12. What was the reason for staffing to have greater im-
portance in the recent years?
13. What is the main purpose of staffing?
14. What does managerial function of staffing involve?
15. What is directing?
16. What elements does direction have?
17. What does supervision imply?
18. What does motivation mean?
19. How may leadership be defined?
20. What is communication?
21. What does controlling imply?
22. What is the purpose of controlling?
— 69 —
UNIT 2. FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT
23. What does an efficient system of control help
to predict?
24. What steps does controlling have?
Exercise 3. Say whether it is true or false.
STATEMENTS
All managerial elements are the
same.
Functions of management are
planning, organizing, ruling
and controlling.
Planning is the basic function
of management.
A plan is a future course of actions.
The main purpose of staffing
is to control the personnel.
Supervision is the bridge of understanding
Supervision implies overseeing
the work of superiors by subordinates.
Motivation means inspiring,
stimulating or encouraging the
subordinates with zeal to work.
True False
Don’t
know
The purpose of controlling is to
ensure that everything occurs
in conformities with the standards.
— 70 —
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