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Файл:Английский язык для менеджеров. Учебное пособие
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UNIT 2. FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT
5. Staff is all the people employed by a particular
organization.
6. Superior is higher in rank, status, or quality.
7. Subordinate is lower in rank or position.
8. Directing is control the operations of; manage
or govern.
9. Recruitment is the action of enlisting new people
in the armed forces.
10. Transfer is an act of moving something or someone
to another place.
Exercise 25. Translate the following sentences into
Russian paying attention to the marked words:
1. An environmental appraisal will be carried out for all
the routes.
2. The report has been subject to appraisal.
3. She carried out a thorough appraisal.
4. People who try to pretend they’re superior make it so
much harder for those of us who really are.
5. Prices are reasonable and the selection is superior.
6. If you run a small business it can be hard to find time
to train your staff.
7. The organization, scope and structure of the commit-
tee has a significant impact in this regard.
8. It wouldn’t be a bad plan to speak with him.
9. To sustain agriculture at its current status, recruit-
ment of outstanding individuals must be enhanced.
10. The opportunities for promotion may come sooner.
Exercise 26. Explain in English the meaning of the following words and word combinations:
1. pla nning;
2. promotion;
3. training;
4. organizing;
5. placement;
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6. selection;
7. sta ffi ng;
8. appraisal;
9. directing;
10. controlling;
UNIT 2. FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT
11. tra n sfer;
12. remuneration;
13. recruitment;
14. uncertainties;
Exercise 27. Read and translate the text B orally.
TEXT B
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PLANNING AND CONTRLOLLING
Planning and controlling are two separate functions
of management, yet they are closely related. The scope of activities depends on situation if both are overlapping to each
other. Without the basis of planning, controlling activities
becomes baseless and without controlling, planning becomes
a meaningless exercise. In absence of controlling, no purpose
can be served by. Therefore, planning and controlling reinforce each other. According to Billy Goetz, Relationship between the two can be summarized in the following points:
1. Planning proceeds controlling and controlling suc-
ceeds planning.
2. Planning and controlling are inseparable functions
of management.
3. Activities are put on rails by planning and they are
kept at right place through controlling.
4. The process of planning and controlling works
on Systems Approach which is as follows:
5. Planning → Results → Corrective Action.
6. Planning and controlling are integral parts of an organization as both are important for smooth running of an
enterprise.
7. Planning and controlling reinforce each other. Each
drives the other function of management.
In the present dynamic environment which affects the
organization, the strong relationship between the two is very
critical and important. In the present day environment, it is
quite likely that planning fails due to some unforeseen events.
There controlling comes to the rescue. Once controlling
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UNIT 2. FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT
is done effectively, it gives us stimulus to make better plans.
Therefore, planning and controlling are inseperate functions
of a business enterprise.
Источник:
(https://www.managementstudyguide.com/
relationship-planning-controlling.htm)
Exercise 28. Translate the following words and word-combinations into English:
a) цель контроля;
b) выявление ошибок в процессе производства
и управления;
c) объект контроля;
d) средства и предметы труда;
e) производственные и управленческие процессы;
f) наличие планов;
g) наличие организационной структуры;
h) осуществление контроля;
i) процесс контроля;
j) определение концепции контроля;
k) определение цели контроля;
l) эффективность процесса управления;
m) планирование проверки;
n) принятие решения;
o) эффект влияния на людей;
p) предварительный контроль;
q) текущий контроль;
r) заключительный контроль;
s) организационная система;
t) методическая и инструментальная база;
u) принятие управленческих решений.
Exercise 29. Translate the following sentences into
English:
1. Для принятия решения о контроле и организации
процессов контроля могут иметь значение ряд критериев:
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UNIT 2. FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT
его эффективность, эффект влияния на людей, задачи контроля и его границы.
2. Предварительный контроль осуществляется до начала деятельности во время определения ее целей и планов
реализации.
3. Текущий контроль производится от начала деятельности до момента получения результата.
4. Заключительный контроль осуществляется после
выполнения какой-либо программы.
5. В управленческом контроле используются следующие типы нормативов: натуральные, затратные, капитальные, доходные, программные, нематериальные, целевые.
6. Контроллинг — новая концепция управления, порожденная практикой современного менеджмента.
7. Одной из основных причин возникновения и внедрения концепции конроллинга стала необходимость в системной интеграции различных аспектов управления бизнес-процессами в организационной системе.
8. Контроллинг обеспечивает методическую и инструментальную базу для поддержки основных функций
менеджмента: планирования, контроля, учета и анализа,
а также оценки ситуации для принятия управленческих
решений.
Exercise 30. Translate the following text into English:
Регулирование и контроль в системе менеджмента
1) Целью контроля выступают:
1) выявление слабых мест и ошибок в процессе производства и управления, своевременное их исправление и недопущение повторения;
2) обеспечение соответствия между намеченными планами и проводимыми мероприятиями.
(2) Объектом контроля являются:
– средства и предметы труда;
– персонал;
– производственные и управленческие процессы.
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UNIT 2. FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT
(3) Для осуществления контроля необходимо:
1) наличие планов, поскольку невозможно определить
эффективность чьей-либо деятельности, если неизвестны
ее цели;
2) наличие организационной структуры, поскольку
для осуществления контроля необходимо знать, кто отвечает за данный участок работы.
(4) Процесс контроля в общем случае должен пройти
следующие стадии:
1. Определение концепции контроля (всеобъемлющая
система контроля «Controlling» или частные проверки).
2. Определение цели контроля (решение о целесообразности, правильности, регулярности, эффективности процесса управления).
3. Планирование проверки.
(5) Для принятия решения о контроле и организации
процессов контроля могут иметь значение ряд критериев:
его эффективность, эффект влияния на людей, задачи контроля и его границы.
(6) Выделяют три основных вида управленческого
контроля:
1) предварительный;
2) текущий (оперативный);
3) заключительный.
(7) Предварительный контроль осуществляется до начала деятельности во время определения ее целей и планов
реализации. Целью такого контроля является определение
оптимальности разработанных планов путем моделирования будущей деятельности.
(8) Текущий контроль производится от начала деятельности до момента получения результата. Его цель —
вовремя обнаружить отклонения от намеченных планов
и нормативов.
(9) Заключительный контроль осуществляется после
выполнения какой-либо программы. Его цель — получение
информации о деятельности работников, которых необходимо поощрить за достигнутые результаты.
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UNIT 2. FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT
(10) В управленческом контроле используются следующие типы нормативов: натуральные, затратные, капитальные, доходные, программные, нематериальные, целевые.
(11) Контроллинг — новая концепция управления, порожденная практикой современного менеджмента.
(12) Одной из основных причин возникновения и внедрения концепции конроллинга стала необходимость в системной интеграции различных аспектов управления бизнес-процессами в организационной системе.
(13) Контроллинг обеспечивает методическую и инструментальную базу для поддержки (в том числе компьютерной) основных функций менеджмента: планирования,
контроля, учета и анализа, а также оценки ситуации для
принятия управленческих решений.
Источник:
(http://www.aup.ru/books/m98/2_1_13.htm)
Exercise 31. Read and translate the following information
about the famous person in sphere of management Henri
Fayol. Discuss this person with your classmates. Discuss
whether this person is inspiration for younger managers.
Whether the information about this person inspired you.
Famous People in Management:
Henri Fayol was a French mining engineer, mining executive, author and director of mines who developed general theory of business
administration that is often called
Fayolism. He and his colleagues developed this theory independently
of scientific management but roughly contemporaneously. Like his
contemporary, Frederick Winslow
Henri Fayol
(18 41–1925)
Photo from:
https://en.wikipedia.org/
Taylor, he is widely acknowledged
as a founder of modern management
method.
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UNIT 2. FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT
Fayol’s work was one of the first comprehensive statements of a general theory of management. He proposed that
there were five primary functions of management and fourteen principles of management.
In his original work called Administration industrielle
et générale; prévoyance, organisation, commandement, coordination, controle five primary functions were identified:
1. Planning
2. Organizing
3. Staffing
4. Directing
5. Controlling
The control function, from the French contrôler, is used
in the sense that a manager must receive feedback about a process in order to make necessary adjustments and must analyze the deviations. Lately scholars of management combined
the commanding and coordinating function into one leading
function.
Principles of management by Henri Fayol:
1. Division of work — The division of work is the course
of tasks assigned to, and completed by, a group of workers in order to increase efficiency. Division of work, which
is also known as division of labour, is the breaking down of a
job so as to have a number of different tasks that make up the
whole.
2. Authority and Responsibility — Authority is the right
to give orders and obtain obedience, and responsibility is the
corollary of authority.
3. Discipline — Employees must obey and respect the
rules that govern the organization. Good discipline is the result of effective leadership.
4. Unity of command — Every employee should receive
orders from only one superior or behalf of the superior.
5. Unity of direction — Each group of organizational ac-
tivities that have the same objective should be directed by one
manager using one plan for achievement of one common goal.
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UNIT 2. FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT
6. Subordination — The interests of any one employee
or group of employees should not take precedence over the interests of the organization as a whole.
7. Remuneration — All Workers must be paid a fair wage
for their services.
8. Centralization and decentralization — Centralization
refers to the degree to which subordinates are involved in decision making.
9. Scalar chain — The line of authority from top management to the lowest ranks represents the scalar chain.
Communications should follow this chain.
10. Order — this principle is concerned with systematic
arrangement of men, machine, material etc. There should be a
specific place for every employee in an organization.
11. Equity — Managers should be kind and fair to their
subordinates.
12. Stability of tenure of personnel — High employee
turnover is inefficient. Management should provide orderly
personnel planning and ensure that replacements are available to fill vacancies.
13. Initiative — Employees who are allowed to originate
and carry out plans will exert high levels of effort.
14. Esprit de corps — Promoting team spirit will build
harmony and unity within the organization.
Источник:
(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henri_Fayol)
Exercise 32. Brainstorming. Group talk. Pay attention
to the information from the text B. Which from the abovementioned principles of management by Henri Fayol
do you think the most and the least important? What principle do you like and prefer the most? Do you agree with
Henri Fayol’s conception? Discuss with your classmates.
Try to use the following set-phrases:
• I think…
• I suppose…
— 88 —
• I consider…
• It seems to me that…
UNIT 2. FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT
• As for me…
• In my opinion…
• To my mind…
• As I understand that…
• Definitely…
• To be more precise…
• Generally speaking…
• Frankly speaking…
• I doubt…
• I’m (not) sure…
• I agree that…
• I disagree that…
Exercise 33. Make a brief report (10–15 sentences) choosing one of the given themes:
Planning
(basic function, future course of action, pre-determined
goals, problem solving, decision making, determination, desired goals, systematic thinking, proper utilization, human &
non-human resources, intellectual activity);
Organizing
(physical, financial and human resources, productive relationship, organizational goals, raw material, human and
non-human resources, organizational structure, identification of activities, assignment of duties, delegation of authority, responsibility);
Staffing
(organization structure, human behavior, managerial function, appraisal, manpower planning, recruitment, selection,
placement, training, remuneration, promotion, transfer);
Directing
(managerial function, organizational methods, organizational purposes, supervision, motivation, leadership, communication, subordinates, superiors, monetary, non-monetary incentives, bridge of understanding);
Controlling
(measurement of accomplishment, deviation, organizational
goals, conformities, standard performance, actual performance, corrective action).
— 89 —
UNIT 2. FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT
Exercise 34. Prepare a short report (3 min) in the form of a
presentation on one of the following topics:
Functions of Management: their Positive and Negative
Sides
Henri Fayol’s Conception of Management
Management Principles by Henri Fayol
Relationship between Planning and Controlling
Use the following set-phrases in your report:
PRESENTATION PHRASES
INTRODUCTION PHRASES
Let me begin by saying that…
I would like to present…
The problem here to be studied is…
The object of our exploration is…
I would like to give you a brief outline of my position
on the matter…
MAIN PART (POSITION CONFIRMATION)
I would like to say that…
I would like to make one thing clear from the outset…
The point (fact) is that…
I think we have to consider that…
I think I should mention here that…
We should always remember that…
It should always be born in mind…
We should emphasize…
CONCLUSION PHRASES
We thus arrived at the following observation…
It would be useful to summarize what we have said
so fa r…
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