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Файл:Английский язык для менеджеров. Учебное пособие
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UNIT 1. INTRODUCTION TO MANAGEMENT
9. stronger form;
10. less valued;
11. more diverse;
12. less skilled;
13. more controlling;
14. less controlling;
15. fatter structures;
16. more decentralized;
17. more technically skilled;
18. the most fundamental;
19. the largest professional;
20. more accessible;
21. more efficient;
22. more generalized.
Exercise 3. Read and translate the sentences paying attention to Degrees of Comparison
1. Larger organizations generally have three levels
of managers, which are typically organized in a hierarchical,
pyramid structure.
2. Lower managers, such as supervisors and front-line
team leaders, oversee the work of regular employees and provide direction on their work.
3. In smaller organizations, an individual manager may
have a much wider scope.
4. More and more processes simultaneously involve several categories.
5. As one consequence, workplace democracy (sometimes
referred to as workers’ self-management) has become both
more common and more advocated, in some places distributing
all management functions among workers, each of whom takes
on a portion of the work.
6. However, these models predate any current political
issue, and may occur more naturally than does a command hierarchy.
— 11 —
UNIT 1. INTRODUCTION TO MANAGEMENT
7. First-line managers are the lowest level of management and manage the work of nonmanagerial individuals who
are directly involved with the production or creation of the
organization’s products.
8. Lower managers include supervisors, section
leaders, forepersons and team leaders.
9. Such a person oversees those in managerial positions to ensure that they follow company policies and work
toward the company’s goals in the most efficient manner.
10. Power is a stronger form of influence because it reflects a person’s ability to enforce action through the control
of a means of punishment.
11. The higher his position in the hierarchy, the greater his presumed expertise in adjudicating problems that may
arise in the course of the work carried out at lower levels
of the organization.
12. There is also the potential conflict of different viewpoints playing a role in the decision making and as a result,
employees can feel less valued if their input is not taken, leading to decreased morale and productivity.
13. This type of style is versatile with the advantages
being more diverse perspectives involved in decision making.
14. Less skilled or motivated employees would require
a style that is more controlling.
15. These employees would benefit from a management
style that is less controlling.
16. Fatter structures with more decentralized decision-making benefit from management styles that encourage
team communication and employee’s contribution with regard to decision-making.
17. Highly motivated or skilled employees require less
supervision and direction as they are typically more technically skilled than management and have the ability, and desire, to make more autonomous decisions.
18. The most fundamental challenge to natural resource management was posed by the encounter with
Earth’s limits — the realization, in other words, that nat-
— 12 —
UNIT 1. INTRODUCTION TO MANAGEMENT
ural resources, contrary to implicit assumptions, are not
in endless supply.
19. The Society for Human Resource Management,
which is based in the United States, is the largest professional association dedicated to HR, with over 285,000 members
in 165 countries.
20. The Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development, based in England, is the oldest professional HR association, with its predecessor institution being founded in 1918.
21. Beginning with the late 1990s, HR vendors started
offering cloud-hosted HR solutions to make this technology
more accessible to small and remote teams.
22. Technology makes it possible for human resources
professionals to train new staff members in a more efficient
manner.
23. Because worker-oriented job analyses tend to provide more generalized human behavior and behavior patterns
and are less tied to the technological parts of a job, they produce data more useful for developing training programs and
giving feed back to employees in the form of performance appraisal information.
Exercise 4. Translate the following word combinations
into English using Degrees of Comparison
1. более талантливый;
2. менее талантливый;
3. самый высокий уровень;
4. самый эффективный;
5. руководитель низшего звена;
6. старшее поколение;
7. младшее поколение;
8. более совершенные формы и методы;
9. более эффективная организация;
10. частей и системы более высокого порядка.
Exercise 5. Translate the sentences into English using
Degrees of Comparison
— 13 —
UNIT 1. INTRODUCTION TO MANAGEMENT
1. Ряд конкретных научных дисциплин специально
изучают определённые функции управления: планирование, вопросы учёта и принятия решений, обработку информации, обобщая практический опыт и разрабатывая более
совершенные формы и методы в целях повышения эффективности управленческой деятельности.
2. Для производственной организации управляющий
должен постоянно заботиться о доле рынка, предвидеть
требования заказчиков, обеспечивать точные сроки поставок, выпускать продукцию всё более высокого качества,
добиваться роста производительности труда путём улучшения планирования, более эффективной организации
и автоматизации производственных процессов.
3. Поэтому исследование организации должно
предусматривать анализ трёх уровней целей: самой системы, её частей и системы более высокого порядка, частью
которой является данная организация.
INTRODUCTION PART
GROUP AND PAIR DISCUSSION
Exercise 1. What do you already know about management?
Answer the following questions below. In pairs or small
groups, discuss your ideas and summarize them within
5–7 sentences
Discuss these questions in class.
1. What is management?
2. What types of management do you know?
3. What are the manager’s responsibilities?
4. What are the levels of management?
5. What are the objectives of management?
Exercise 2. Read and translate the following quote.
1. Explain how you understand it.
— 14 —
UNIT 1. INTRODUCTION TO MANAGEMENT
2. Say whether you agree or disagree with the quote.
3. Explain your position.
4. Try to convince your classmates with opposite posi-
tion than yours.
“Management is doing things right; leadership is doing
the right things.”
— Peter Drucker
Источник:
(https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/)
Use the following set-phrases:
• I think…
• I suppose…
• I consider…
• It seems to me that…
• As for me…
• In my opinion…
• To my mind…
• As I understand that…
• Definitely…
• To be more precise…
• Generally speaking…
• Frankly speaking…
• I doubt…
• I’m (not) sure…
• I agree that…
• I disagree that…
MAIN PART
LIST OFWORDS AND WORD COMBINATIONS:
1. management
2. activity
3. employee
4. human
resources
[ˈmænɪʤmənt]
[ækˈtɪvɪti]
[ˌɛmplɔɪˈiː]
[ˈhjuːmən
rɪˈsɔːsɪz]
— 15 —
управление, менеджмент
деятельность
работник, служащий, работающий по найму
персонал, трудовые ресурсы
UNIT 1. INTRODUCTION TO MANAGEMENT
5. to manage
6. to involve
7. to direct
8. to put into use
9. responsibility
10. conducive
11. to perform
12. to ensure
13. availability
14. feature
15. to achieve
[ˈmænɪʤ]
[ɪnˈvɒlv]
[dɪˈrɛkt]
[pʊt ˈɪntuː juːz]
[rɪsˌpɒnsəˈbɪlɪti]
[kənˈdjuːsɪv]
[pəˈfɔːm]
[ɪnˈʃʊə]
[əˌveɪləˈbɪlɪti]
[ˈːʧə]
[əˈʧiːv]
управлять, руководить
включать, вовлекать
направлять, руководить
вводить в эксплуатацию
ответственность,
обязанность
способствующий,
благоприятный
выполнять
обеспечивать
доступность, наличие
особенность, черта, характеристика, свойство
достигать
16. goal-oriented
17. predetermined
18. senior manager
19. middle
manager
[gəʊl-ˈɔːriəntɪd]
[ˌpriːdɪˈtɜːmɪnd]
[ˈsiːnjə ˈmænɪʤə]
[ˈmɪdl ˈmænɪʤə]
— 16 —
целенаправленный
предопределенный, заранее
установленный
руководитель
высшего звена
руководитель
среднего звена
UNIT 1. INTRODUCTION TO MANAGEMENT
20. lower manager
21. first-line
manager
22. supervisor
manager
23. operative
manager
24. objective
25. change
management
26. executive
coaching
27. empowerment
28. problem
solving
[ˈləʊə ˈmænɪʤə]
[fɜːst-laɪn
ˈmænɪʤə]
[ˈsjuːpəvaɪzə
ˈmænɪʤə]
[ˈɒpərətɪv
ˈmænɪʤə]
[əbˈʤɛktɪv]
[ʧeɪnʤ
ˈmænɪʤmənt]
[ɪgˈzɛkjʊtɪv
ˈkəʊʧɪŋ]
[ɪmˈpaʊəmənt]
[ˈprɒbləm ˈsɒlvɪŋ]
руководитель
низшего звена
руководитель
низшего звена
на производстве
менеджер
по надзору
директор-распорядитель
цель, задача
контроль за изменениями, управление преобразованиями
коучинг (тренинг)
руководителей
делегирование
полномочий
решение проблемы
29. team building
30. talent
development
[tiːm ˈbɪldɪŋ]
[ˈtælənt
dɪˈvɛləpmənt]
— 17 —
создание команды
проекта, командообразование
подготовка кадрового резерва,
внедрение практики выявления
талантливых
сотрудников
UNIT 1. INTRODUCTION TO MANAGEMENT
31. performance
management
32. emotional
intelligence
33. coaching for
performance
34. to fulfill
35. ongoing
36. pervasive
37. irrespective
38. managerial
[pəˈfɔːməns
ˈmænɪʤmənt]
[ɪˈməʊʃənl
ɪnˈtɛlɪʤəns]
[ˈkəʊʧɪŋ fɔː
pəˈfɔːməns]
[fʊlˈfɪl]
[ˈɒŋˌgəʊɪŋ]
[pɜːˈveɪsɪv]
[ˌɪrɪsˈpɛktɪv]
[ˌmænəˈʤɪərɪəl]
контроль эффективности, управление производительностью труда
эмоциональная
отзывчивость
наставничество
выполнять, осуществлять
постоянный, непрерывный, происходящий в настоящее время
распространяющийся всеобъемлющий
независимый
управленческий,
административный
39. to determine
40. authority
41. output
42. to utilize
43. to result (in)
[dɪˈtɜːmɪn]
[ɔːˈθɒrɪti]
[ˈaʊtpʊt]
[ˈjuːtɪˌlaɪz]
[rɪˈzʌlt (ɪn)]
— 18 —
определять, устанавливать
власть, полномочие, начальство
производительность, продукция, результат
использовать
приводить к…
UNIT 1. INTRODUCTION TO MANAGEMENT
44. wastage
45. to lead (to) (led)
46. enterprise
47. benefit
[ˈweɪstɪʤ]
[liːd]
[ˈɛntəpraɪz]
[ˈbɛnɪfɪt]
потеря, убыль
приводить к…
предприятие
выгода, польза,
прибыль
48. incentive
49. profit
50. employer
[ɪnˈsɛntɪv]
[ˈprɒfɪt]
[ɪmˈplɔɪə]
стимул
прибыль
работодатель
TEXT A
INTRODUCTION TOMANAGEMENT
(1) Management is the administration of an organization, whether it is a business, a not-for-profit organization,
or government body. Management includes the activities
of setting the strategy of an organization and coordinating the efforts of its employees to accomplish its objectives
through the application of available resources, such as financial, natural, technological, and human resources. The term
“management” may also refer to those people who manage
an organization.
(2) Management is a universal phenomenon. It is a very
popular and widely used term. All organizations — business,
political, cultural or social are involved in management because it is the management which helps and directs the various efforts towards a definite purpose.
(3) Management involves creating an internal environment: — It is the management which puts into use the various factors of production. Therefore, it is the responsibility
of management to create such conditions which are conducive to maximum efforts so that people are able to perform
their task efficiently and effectively. It includes ensuring
— 19 —
UNIT 1. INTRODUCTION TO MANAGEMENT
availability of raw materials, determination of wages and salaries, formulation of rules & regulations etc.
(4) Therefore, we can say that good management includes
both being effective and efficient. Being effective means doing the appropriate task. Being efficient means doing the
task correctly, at least possible cost with minimum wastage
of resources.
Features of Management
(5) Management is an activity concerned with guiding human and physical resources such that organizational goals can
be achieved. Nature of management can be highlighted as:
(6) Management is Goal-Oriented: The success of any
management activity is assessed by its achievement of the
predetermined goals or objective. Management is a purposeful activity. It is a tool which helps use of human & physical
resources to fulfill the pre-determined goals.
(7) Management integrates Human, Physical and
Financial Resources: In an organization, human beings work
with non-human resources like machines, materials, financial assets, buildings etc. Management integrates human efforts to those resources. It brings harmony among the human,
physical and financial resources.
(8) Management is Continuous: Management is an ongoing process. It involves continuous handling of problems and
issues. It is concerned with identifying the problem and taking appropriate steps to solve it.
(9) Management is all Pervasive: Management is required
in all types of organizations whether it is political, social, cultural or business because it helps and directs various efforts
towards a definite purpose. Thus clubs, hospitals, political
parties, colleges, hospitals, business firms all require management. Whenever more than one person is engaged in working for a common goal, management is necessary. Whether
it is a small business firm which may be engaged in trading
or a large firm, management is required everywhere irrespective of size or type of activity.
— 20 —
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