- •§1. Оборот there is (there are)
- •1. Read and translate the following sentences and make them negative or interrogative:
- •3. Translate into English:
- •4. Translate these sentences into Russian:
- •§ 2. Видо-временные формы глагола
- •1. Indefinite Forms
- •1. Make affirmative, negative and interrogative sentences in the Present Indefinite Tense from these notes:
- •2. Open the brackets using the appropriate (Present or Past Indefinite) verb form:
- •4. Read the statements. Ask two questions based on the statement according to the pattern:
- •5. Put questions about the italicised words of the following sentences:
- •6. Turn the following into the Past or Future Indefinite tense. Make all the necessary changes:
- •7. Fill in the blanks with one of the Indefinite tenses:
- •10. Translate into English using Indefinite tenses:
- •2. Perfect Forms
- •1. Make these sentences negative and interrogative:
- •2. Put questions about the italicized words:
- •4. Make up sentences from the following notes using Present Perfect.
- •5. Put the verbs in brackets into the Present Perfect or the Past Indefinite tense.
- •6. Open the brackets. Explain the use of the tense forms:
- •7. Translate into English using Present Perfect where required.
- •8. Translate into English using the required tense forms.
- •9. Complete the letter, opening the brackets:
- •3. Continuous Forms
- •1. Make the sentences negative and interrogative:
- •2. Put questions about the words in italics:
- •4. Use the contracted forms of verbs instead of full forms according to the pattern:
- •5. Put the verbs in brackets into the Present, Past or Future Continuous tense:
- •7. Put the verbs in brackets into the Present Indefinite or the Present Continuous tense. Explain the use of the tense forms:
- •8. Put the verbs in brackets into the Past Indefinite or the Past Continuous tense. Explain the use of tense forms:
- •9. Translate into English using Continuous forms where required:
- •4. Страдательный залог (The Passive Voice)
- •1. Change the statements to the Passive Voice according to the pattern:
- •2. Change the questions to the Passive Voice according to the pattern:
- •3. Put the following into the Passive Voice, mentioning the agent where necessary:
- •4. Put the following into the Active Voice, supplying the agent if one was not mentioned:
- •5. Translate into English using the passive forms:
- •1. Use the correct tense form of the verbs in brackets:
- •2. Open the brackets using the verb in the active or in the passive voice:
- •3. Translate into English:
- •§ 3. Неличные формы глагола
- •1. Инфинитив (The Infinitive)
- •1. Translate into Russian. Find the Complex Object and the Complex Subject.
- •2. Fill each blank, choosing between infinitives with or without to:
- •3. Replace the group of words in italics by an infinitive or an infinitive construction:
- •4. Translate into Russian:
- •2. Герундий (The Gerund)
- •1. Make up sentences from the table below. Follow the example.
- •2. Use the gerunds instead of the verbs in brackets and fill in the prepositions where necessary:
- •3. Insert the correct form of the Gerund:
- •4. Translate into English using the Gerund:
- •5. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form (gerund or infinitive). Translate into Russian:
- •6. Open the brackets choosing between a Gerund or an Infinitive:
- •7. Translate into English using gerunds or infinitives:
- •3. Причастие (The Participle)
- •1. Complete the sentences using Participle I or Participle II:
- •2. Translate into Russian. Find sentences with the Nominative Absolute Participial Construction:
- •§ 4. Модальные глаголы (Modal Verbs)
- •§ 4. Модальные глаголы (Modal Verbs)
- •1. Make the sentences negative and interrogative. Give short answers:
- •8. Translate into English:
- •§ 5. Прямая и косвенная речь (Direct and Indirect Speech)
- •1. Повествовательное предложение
- •2. Вопросительное предложение
- •3. Повелительное предложение
- •§ 6. Согласование времен (The Sequence of Tenses)
- •1. Change the direct statements into indirect ones according to the patterns:
- •2. Make up sentences according to the pattern:
- •5. Put the following into indirect speech according to the pattern:
- •6. Put the following into direct speech with the appropriate changes. Mind the puctuation:
- •§ 7. Сослагательное наклонение (The Subjunctive Mood)
- •1. Употребление сослагательного наклонения в сложноподчиненных предложениях с придаточным нереального условия (Conditional Sentences)
- •2. Употребление сослагательного наклонения в других типах придаточных предложений
- •1. Open the brackets:
- •2. Complete the sentences, using the correct forms of the verb:
- •3. Put questions to the following sentences according to the pattern:
- •6. Translate into English:
1. Make these sentences negative and interrogative:
1. He has posted the letter.
2. I have asked him to dinner several times.
3. I shall have finished this job by 2 o’clock.
4. We have been to Berlin this year.
5. By the time we get to the party everything will have been eaten.
6. The phone has stopped ringing.
7. We had passed our English exam by the 3rd of January.
8. He has lived here for ten years.
9. I have made a mistake.
10. By the end of his university course he will have attended 1,300 lectures.
2. Put questions about the italicized words:
1. By this time next year I’ll have saved $1,000.
2. We have just heard the most extraordinary news.
3. Tom has never eaten caviar before.
4. We have never left a restaurant without paying a bill.
5. In a fortnight’s time we’ll take an English exam.
6. She will have finished this book by tomorrow morning.
7. He had left his previous job by the end of December last year.
8. They met in a coffee bar.
9. The strike lasted for five months.
10. We’ve had terrible weather since last week.
3. Fill in the blanks using for or since. Translate the sentences into Russian:
1. Things have changed__I was a boy.
2. He has been under water__thirty minutes.
3. They haven’t eaten anything__two days.
4. We haven’t spoken with each other__the last committee meeting
5. Nobody has come to see us__we bought a new dog.
6. She has been awake__a long time.
7. He has been Managing Director__1990.
8. We’ve known each other__twenty years.
9. It has been very cloudy__early morning.
10. We’ve been awake__five o’clock.
4. Make up sentences from the following notes using Present Perfect.
Patterns:
(a) We/sell/components/to the private sector/before/(never).
We have never sold components to the private sector before.
(b) You/have/any experience/in electronics industry/(ever)?
Have you ever had any experience in the electronics industry?
1. Sykes Consultants/complete/the survey/on the use of/phones in cities (just).
2. Many companies/show/interest in/this market (already).
3. Since 1995/Smallcrown/renew/the patents (annually).
4. She/think of/changing/her job (ever)?
5. He/write/series of articles on/the communications means industry (just).
6. Murphy/not decide/to accept the offer of/a new job (yet).
7. The Directors/finished/discussing Davis’ report/on the BSM-3 project (almost).
8. There/be/any consumer demand in/electrically driven vehicles (never).
9. Davis/not tell/them/about Smallcrown’s development plans (yet)?
5. Put the verbs in brackets into the Present Perfect or the Past Indefinite tense.
1. This is my house. - How long you (to live) here? - I (to live) here since 1995.
2. He (to lose) his job two months ago and since then he (to be) out of work. - Why he (to lose) his job? - He (to be) very rude to Mr Williams.
3. My daughter (not to start) to work yet. She’s still at High School. - How long she (to be) at school? - She (to be) at High School for three years; before that she (to spend) five years at Primary School in Blue Street.
4. I (to begin) to study English at Secondary School and (to do) it for five years. Then I (to drop) it for a couple of years and (to forget) most of it. Then I (to spend) three years at a Secretarial College, where I studied Business English, and for the last six months I (to study) English in London.
5. Hello, Nick! I (not to see) you for ages! Where you (to be)? - I (to be) to Sweden. I (to mean) to send you a postcard but I (not to have) your address with me. - Never rnind. You (to have) a good time in Sweden? How long you (to be) there? - I (to be) there for two weeks. I only just (to get) back.