- •§1. Оборот there is (there are)
- •1. Read and translate the following sentences and make them negative or interrogative:
- •3. Translate into English:
- •4. Translate these sentences into Russian:
- •§ 2. Видо-временные формы глагола
- •1. Indefinite Forms
- •1. Make affirmative, negative and interrogative sentences in the Present Indefinite Tense from these notes:
- •2. Open the brackets using the appropriate (Present or Past Indefinite) verb form:
- •4. Read the statements. Ask two questions based on the statement according to the pattern:
- •5. Put questions about the italicised words of the following sentences:
- •6. Turn the following into the Past or Future Indefinite tense. Make all the necessary changes:
- •7. Fill in the blanks with one of the Indefinite tenses:
- •10. Translate into English using Indefinite tenses:
- •2. Perfect Forms
- •1. Make these sentences negative and interrogative:
- •2. Put questions about the italicized words:
- •4. Make up sentences from the following notes using Present Perfect.
- •5. Put the verbs in brackets into the Present Perfect or the Past Indefinite tense.
- •6. Open the brackets. Explain the use of the tense forms:
- •7. Translate into English using Present Perfect where required.
- •8. Translate into English using the required tense forms.
- •9. Complete the letter, opening the brackets:
- •3. Continuous Forms
- •1. Make the sentences negative and interrogative:
- •2. Put questions about the words in italics:
- •4. Use the contracted forms of verbs instead of full forms according to the pattern:
- •5. Put the verbs in brackets into the Present, Past or Future Continuous tense:
- •7. Put the verbs in brackets into the Present Indefinite or the Present Continuous tense. Explain the use of the tense forms:
- •8. Put the verbs in brackets into the Past Indefinite or the Past Continuous tense. Explain the use of tense forms:
- •9. Translate into English using Continuous forms where required:
- •4. Страдательный залог (The Passive Voice)
- •1. Change the statements to the Passive Voice according to the pattern:
- •2. Change the questions to the Passive Voice according to the pattern:
- •3. Put the following into the Passive Voice, mentioning the agent where necessary:
- •4. Put the following into the Active Voice, supplying the agent if one was not mentioned:
- •5. Translate into English using the passive forms:
- •1. Use the correct tense form of the verbs in brackets:
- •2. Open the brackets using the verb in the active or in the passive voice:
- •3. Translate into English:
- •§ 3. Неличные формы глагола
- •1. Инфинитив (The Infinitive)
- •1. Translate into Russian. Find the Complex Object and the Complex Subject.
- •2. Fill each blank, choosing between infinitives with or without to:
- •3. Replace the group of words in italics by an infinitive or an infinitive construction:
- •4. Translate into Russian:
- •2. Герундий (The Gerund)
- •1. Make up sentences from the table below. Follow the example.
- •2. Use the gerunds instead of the verbs in brackets and fill in the prepositions where necessary:
- •3. Insert the correct form of the Gerund:
- •4. Translate into English using the Gerund:
- •5. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form (gerund or infinitive). Translate into Russian:
- •6. Open the brackets choosing between a Gerund or an Infinitive:
- •7. Translate into English using gerunds or infinitives:
- •3. Причастие (The Participle)
- •1. Complete the sentences using Participle I or Participle II:
- •2. Translate into Russian. Find sentences with the Nominative Absolute Participial Construction:
- •§ 4. Модальные глаголы (Modal Verbs)
- •§ 4. Модальные глаголы (Modal Verbs)
- •1. Make the sentences negative and interrogative. Give short answers:
- •8. Translate into English:
- •§ 5. Прямая и косвенная речь (Direct and Indirect Speech)
- •1. Повествовательное предложение
- •2. Вопросительное предложение
- •3. Повелительное предложение
- •§ 6. Согласование времен (The Sequence of Tenses)
- •1. Change the direct statements into indirect ones according to the patterns:
- •2. Make up sentences according to the pattern:
- •5. Put the following into indirect speech according to the pattern:
- •6. Put the following into direct speech with the appropriate changes. Mind the puctuation:
- •§ 7. Сослагательное наклонение (The Subjunctive Mood)
- •1. Употребление сослагательного наклонения в сложноподчиненных предложениях с придаточным нереального условия (Conditional Sentences)
- •2. Употребление сослагательного наклонения в других типах придаточных предложений
- •1. Open the brackets:
- •2. Complete the sentences, using the correct forms of the verb:
- •3. Put questions to the following sentences according to the pattern:
- •6. Translate into English:
1. Change the statements to the Passive Voice according to the pattern:
Pattern: |
Shakespeare wrote a number of plays between 1589 and 1613. A number of plays were written by Shakespeare between 1589 and 1613. |
1. Many people send greeting cards on holidays.
2. The United States bought Alaska about a century ago.
3. When I was a child my grandmother usually woke me up early in the morning.
4. Most people receive presents on their birthdays.
5. Soon the children mil hang coloured balls and flags on the Christmas tree.
6. Americans have eaten turkey on Thanksgiving Day since the nation was young.
7. It is the day before Christmas now, and parents are buying gifts for their children.
2. Change the questions to the Passive Voice according to the pattern:
Pattern: |
What words do people usually use to express gratitude? What words are usually used to express gratitude? |
1. Are people making any changes in your city now?
2. Do people speak different languages in different regions of your country?
3. When do people receive gifts in your country?
4. Should a person write a "thank-you" letter nowadays?
5. What holidays do people celebrate in your country?
6. What songs did people sing when you were a child?
3. Put the following into the Passive Voice, mentioning the agent where necessary:
1. My child couldn’t have done all this damage.
2. Who did it?
3. Lightning struck this old tree.
4. We use these tea-spoons only on special occasions.
5. She expected us to offer her a new job.
6. He has written a special book for adults.
7. They showed him the easiest way to do it.
8. We are doing a lot of work.
9. Somebody had cleaned our shoes and brushed our suits.
10. People should not leave bicycles outside.
4. Put the following into the Active Voice, supplying the agent if one was not mentioned:
1. This was opposed by most people.
2. She was said to have lived on vinegar and potatoes for a long time.
3. The damaged vessel was being towed into the harbour when the towline broke.
4. Whenever there is a holiday here, most of the shops in this city are closed.
5. Soon a lot of men will be dismissed by the owners of the workshops.
6. It is being said that too little money is being spent by the government on constructing.
7. This message has been altered.
8. Have a lamp switched on, then you won’t have to climb up in darkness.
5. Translate into English using the passive forms:
1. Эта лекция была прочитана преподавателем вчера.
2. Много упражнений выполняется студентами дома.
3. Дверь открыл незнакомый человек.
4. В прошлом году эта книга продавалась в каждом киоске.
5. Говорят, что этот фильм будет демонстрироваться на следующей неделе.
6. Этим автором было написано много интересных книг.
7. Школа была построена до того, как мы переехали в этот город.
8. Я хочу, чтобы мою сестру послали на стажировку за границу.
9. Они хотят, чтобы эта проблема была наконец разрешена.
REVISION EXERCISES