- •Contents
- •Передмова
- •Financial system
- •Finance and financial system
- •II. Vocabulary exercises
- •Revenue sources and revenue-sharing arrangements in Ukraine:
- •A. Dialogue
- •1. Read and translate the dialogue in pairs:
- •Vocabulary list:
- •2. Read the dialogue, translate the Ukrainian remarks into English and act it out:
- •Communicative situations
- •A) Supply the prepositions where necessary.
- •Budgetary policy
- •2. Read the text and name the facts from the text which are new to you: Treasury
- •3.Read the text and say what you know about the budget process in Ukraine:
- •III. Match what statements are true and what are false. Results write to the table:
- •Fiscal management
- •Financial policy. Fiscal sphere
- •A. Dialogue
- •Vocabulary list:
- •2. Read the dialogue, translate the Ukrainian remarks into English and act it out:
- •Communicative situations
- •2.Express your attitude to the following:
- •3.Prepare a short talk on the following:
- •A) Supply the articles where necessary.
- •Financial Policy
- •A) Supply the articles where necessary.
- •Fiscal Policy in the uk
- •A) Fill each gap with a suitable word from the box.
- •A) Read and discuss the texts.
- •Write down five questions about each text.
- •A) Read and discuss the texts.
- •Say what you know about the use of multiyear budgeting and budget classification in Ukraine. Types of Budget Classification
- •A) Read the article quickly and underline the parts about the challenge the transition economies face and the constraints affecting the ability of the governments to meet the challenge.
- •I. Fill in each space with the appropriate words from a, b or c:
- •Taxation
- •What are taxes?
- •Column a
- •Tax system in Ukraine
- •A. Dialogue
- •1. Read and translate the dialogue in pairs: Taxation in Ukraine
- •Vocabulary:
- •2. Read the dialogue, translate the Ukrainian remarks into English and act it out:
- •B. Communicative situations
- •4. Make a short essay on the following:
- •A) Supply the articles where necessary.
- •A) Supply prepositions where necessary.
- •What Is an Excise Duty?
- •Open the brackets putting the verbs in the correct form: Tax Reform in Developing Countries
- •Read the text below carefully and underline the parts of it giving basic ideas about the desired features of a tax system. Tax System Design
- •I. Mark the correct answers on the following questions:
- •II.Fill the tables:
- •III. Match what statements are true and what are false. Results write to the table:
- •Central banking system
- •A. Dialogue
- •1. Read and translate the dialogue in pairs: Banking system in Ukraine
- •Vocabulary:
- •2. Read the dialogue, translate the Ukrainian remarks into English and act it out:
- •1. A) Supply the articles where necessary.
- •Credit Policy
- •A) Supply the prepositions where necessary.
- •3.A) Open the brackets, putting the verbs in the correct form.
- •The Bank of England
- •Fill each gap with a suitable word from the box. Sum up the text in 5-7 sentences. Present your summary in class.
- •Us Activities of Foreign Banking Organizations
- •A) Read and discuss the text.
- •Is Monetary Policy Needed?
- •A) Read and discuss the text.
- •Payment Systems
- •I. For each word or sentence choose the correct definition:
- •II.Match what statements are true and what are false. Results write to the table:
- •Banking system
- •Commercial banks
- •6To transact stock and share business – укладати угоди із цінними паперами
- •Column b
- •A. Dialogue
- •Vocabulary:
- •2. Read the dialogue, translate the Ukrainian remarks into English and act it out:
- •3.Make up a dialogue on the following:
- •B. Communicative situations
- •Make a short essay on the following:
- •1. A) Supply the articles where necessary.
- •2. A) Supply the articles where necessary.
- •Bank Accounts
- •3.A) Supply the prepositions where necessary.
- •The Nature of Banking
- •4. A) Open the brackets putting the verbs in the correct form.
- •5.Look through the text and name the facts which are new to you.
- •Choose the word which best completes each sentence:
- •II.Match what statements are true and what are false. Results write to the table:
- •International monetary system
- •International monetary institutions
- •A. Dialogue
- •Imf’s support for ukrainian reforms
- •1. Read and translate the dialogue in pairs:
- •Vocabulary:
- •2. Read the dialogue, translate the Ukrainian remarks into English and act it out:
- •3. Make up a dialogue on the following:
- •B. Communicative situations
- •A) Supply the articles where necessary.
- •International Monetary Fund
- •2.A) Supply the prepositions where necessary.
- •Your Partner ebrd
- •3. A) Fill each gap with a suitable word from the box.
- •Imbalances pur World Bank – International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (ibrd)
- •Match what statements are true and what are false. Results write to the table:
- •II. Fill the tables:
- •Foreign exchange market. Global financial markets
- •Trading in the foreign exchange market
- •A. Dialogue
- •1. Read and translate the dialogue in pairs: cornerstone of the global financial market
- •Vocabulary
- •2.Read the dialogue, translate the Ukrainian remarks into English and act it out:
- •Communicative situations
- •Global Financial Markets
- •2. A) Fill each gap with a suitable word from the box.
- •The Eurocurrency Market
- •3.Read the text quickly to find the types of most widely used swaps: Foreign Exchange Swaps
- •4. Read the text quickly to find answers to the following questions:
- •Foreign Exchange Options
- •Choose the correct answer:
- •Match what statements are true and what are false. Results write to the table:
- •Financial markets. The stock market
- •Stock markets
- •A. Dialogue
- •The corporate securities market in ukraine
- •Vocabulary
- •2. Read the dialogue, translate the Ukrainian remarks into English and act it out.
- •B. Communicative situations
- •2.A) Supply the prepositions where necessary.
- •Equity Market
- •3.A) Open the brackets putting the verbs in the correct form.
- •4. A) Fill each gap with a suitable word from the box below.
- •The New York Stock Exchange
- •5. A) Read the text below quickly and name organizations involved in the issues.
- •The New Issue Market
- •I. Choose the correct answer:
- •II.Match what statements are true and what are false. Results write to the table:
- •III.Fill the tables:
- •Financial markets. The bond market
- •Trading in the bond market
- •A. Dialogue
- •Vocabulary
- •2. Read the dialogue, translate the Ukrainian remarks into English and act it out:
- •3.Make up a dialogue on the following:
- •B. Communicative situations
- •You have an exam. The question is: “What is the difference between debt and equity market?”
- •Prepare a short talk on the following:
- •1. A) Supply the articles where necessary.
- •The Eurobond Market
- •2. A) Supply the prepositions where necessary.
- •3. A) Read the text.
- •4. A) Look through the text below to say what types of securities are described in it.
- •Us Government Securities
- •I.Choose the correct answer:
- •II. Match what statements are true and what are false. Results write to the table:
- •III. Fill the tables:
- •Financial management
- •Financial function
- •Financial ratios
- •A. Dialogue
- •Ratio analysis
- •Vocabulary list:
- •Read the dialogue, translate the Ukrainian remarks into English and act it out:
- •1. A) Supply the articles where necessary.
- •A) Read the text.
- •Corporate Governance
- •3. Read the text and say how investment risks can be reduced:
- •Investment Management
- •4. A) Supply the prepositions where necessary.
- •Financial Capital
- •5. A) Fill each gap with a suitable word from the box.
- •I. For each word or sentence choose the correct definition:
- •II. Match what statements are true and what are false. Results write to the table:
- •Accounting
- •Accounting principles and concepts
- •Book-keeping:
- •The double-entry bookkeeping:
- •A. Dialogue
- •1. Read and translate the dialogue in pairs: accountancy in a free-market economy
- •Vocabulary list:
- •2. Read the dialogue, translate the Ukrainian remarks into English and act it out:
- •3. Speak about the work of public accountants, private accountants, and accountants who work for units of the government and non-for-profit firms. B. Communicative situations
- •1. A) Supply the prepositions where necessary.
- •2. A) Read the text and single out the main facts and present them in a short review.
- •Read the text that follows to find the answers to the following questions:
- •Financial Statements And Their Elements
- •Balance sheet
- •Liabilities
- •Revenues
- •Expenses
- •Gains and losses
- •Choose the correct answer:
- •II. Match what statements are true and what are false. Results write to the table:
- •Auditing
- •Performing an audit
- •Audit strategy:
- •Audit risk:
- •A. Dialogue
- •1. Read and translate the dialogue in pairs: auditing in ukraine
- •Vocabulary:
- •2. Read the dialogue, translate the Ukrainian remarks into English and act it out:
- •3.Make up dialogues on the following:
- •B. Communicative situations
- •Discuss with your friends:
- •1. A) Read the texts and do the tasks that follow.
- •2.A) Supply the prepositions where necessary.
- •Auditors’ Report
- •3.A) Open the brackets putting the verbs in the correct form.
- •Misuse of Public Funds
- •4.A) Supply the articles where necessary.
- •Fill in each space with the appropriate words from a, b or c:
- •II. Which is correct:
- •III. Match what statements are true and what are false. Results write to the table:
- •IV. Fill the tables:
- •Glossary
- •Phraseology of reports and speeches coherent and generalization phrases
- •Phrases that are used in admission expressions
- •Nouns: common and possessive case
- •Count and noncount nouns
- •Some common noncount nouns
- •Using nouns as modifiers
- •The indefenite aricle
- •The definite article
- •No article
- •Personal pronouns
- •Possessive pronouns
- •Reflexive pronouns
- •Indefinite pronouns
- •Quantitive pronouns
- •Demonstrative pronouns
- •Degrees of comparison of adectives and adverbs
- •Numerals
- •The functions of the verb «to be»
- •The functions of the verb «to have»
- •The functions of the verb «to do»
- •General questions
- •Tag questions
- •Question words when
- •More questions with how
- •Modal verbs can; could to be able to
- •May; might
- •Must; be to; have to; have got to
- •Should; ought to
- •Will; would
- •Indefinite pronoun «one»
- •The pronouns «both, either and neither»
- •Senquence of tenses
- •The infinitive
- •The prepositional infinitive complex
- •The objective infinitivecomplex
- •The subjective infinitive complex
- •The participle
- •Complexes with the participle the objective participle complex
- •The subjective participle complex
- •The gerund. Forms and functions
- •The gerundal complex
- •Conditional sentenses
- •Irregular verbs
- •Reference list
Phraseology of reports and speeches coherent and generalization phrases
Взагалі, мені здається, що …
У доповнення до …
Загальноприйнято, що …
Очікують …
Без сумніву …
Це факт, що …
Бажано …
Немає потреби говорити …
Як ствержувалось раніше …
Якщо це так …
Незалежно від цього …
Кажучи іншими словами …
Як результат …
Немає причини для …
Більше того …
За усією ймовірністю …
Слід запам’ятати, що …
Необхідно нагадати, що …
Навпаки …
Особливо важливо …
Саме через цю причину …
Слід підкреслити …
Торкаючись цієї проблеми …
Приймаючи до уваги …
Не дивлячись на той факт, що …
Саме в цьому зв’язку …
Ось чому необхідно …
В цьому сенсі …
За всією ймовірністю …
Очевидно, що …
По-перше (по-друге) …
Нарешті …
Основне питання, яке все ще не вирішене …
Тому …
Більше того …
Однак …
Хоча …
Істотно …
Тим не менше …
У порівнянні з …
Відповідно …
В цілому …
Generally speaking it seems to me …
In addition to …
It is the general idea that …
It is expected …
It is beyond doubt …
It is a fact that …
It is desirable to …
Needless to say …
As previously stated …
It this is so …
Apart from this…
In other words …
As a result of …
There is no reason for …
What is more …
In all probability …
It should be remembered that …
It is necessary to remind …
On the contrary (vice versa) …
It is especially significant …
It is for this reason that …
It must be stressed …
Touching upon this problem …
Taking into account …
Despite the fact that …
It is in this connection …
That is why it is imperative to …
In this sense …
In all probability …
It is evident that …
First (secondly) …
Finally …
The main question not yet solved …
Therefore …
Moreover (over and above) …
However …
Though …
Essentially …
Nevertheless …
Compared with …
Hence …
On the whol
Phrases that are used in admission expressions
У цій доповіді мені б хотілося підняти декілька питань, що стосуються …
Я хотів би розпочати свою доповідь з …
Маючи на увазі основні напрямки …
Я хотів би вказати …
Я хотів би лише згадати …
Особисто я вважаю за необхідне підкреслити, що …
Невірно стверджувати, що …
В цьому зв’язку хотілося б підкреслити, що …
В такому контексті …
Необхідно відмітити …
Торкаючись проблеми …
Саме через цю причину …
Тут я маю на увазі …
Цей приклад чітко показує, що …
Основне питання, яке все ще є невирішеним …
Нарешті, мені хотілося б сказати, що …
Я хотів би привернути Вашу увагу до…
Очевидно важливо зробити висновок…
In this paper I would like to raise some questions related to …
I should like to begin my report with …
Bearing in mind the main directions …
I should like to indicate …
I would like to mention only …
Personally I find it necessary to emphasize that …
It is incorrect to state that …
In this connection particular importance should be attached to …
Within such a context …
It must be clearly noticed …
Touching on the problem of …
It is for this reason that …
I have in mind here …
This example clearly shows …
The main question not yet solved is …
Lastly I’d like to say that …
I’d like to draw your attention to …
It may be important to conclude …
GENERAL EXPRESSIONS THAT ARE USED IN THE PROFESSIONAL SPEECH
Know v
Наскільки мені відомо...
Було б корисно знати ... чи ...
As far as I know …
It would be helpful to know if
Hesitation n
Я поділяю Ваші сумніви.
I share your hesitations.
Agree v
I would agree with you that …
I cannot agree that …
Я б повністю погодився б з Вами в тому, що ...
Я не можу погодитися з тим, що ...
Disagree v, etc.
I surely cannot agree with …
Я, звичайно, не можу погодитися з ...
Support v, etc.
I would like to support …
I maintain very firmly that …
Мені б хотілося підтримати ...
Я категорично наполягаю на тому, що ...
Realize v
I realize that …
I do not realize that …
Я розумію, що ...
Я не розумію того, що ...
See v, mistake v
As you see …
If am not mistaken …
Як Ви бачите (розумієте)
Якщо я не помиляюсь ...
Interested a, etc.
It is of interest that …( it is interesting that …)
It is interesting to know whether …
Цікаво, що ...
Цікаво знати ... чи ...
Attention n
I would like to call your attention to…
I just wanted to bring to the attention of audience …
Я б хотів звернути Вашу увагу на...
Я щойно хотів запропонувати увазі аудиторії ...
Thank v, grateful a
I would like to thank Mr. N. For his helpful comments.
I am most grateful for expert advise on …
Thank you very much, Prof. D., for a very complete discussion of his problem.
Я б хотів подякувати містерові Н. За його корисні зауваження.
Я надзвичайно вдячний за кваліфіковану пораду щодо ...
Велика подяка, професоре Д., за дуже докладне обговорення цього питання.
Glad a, etc.
I am content with your answer.
Я задоволений Вашою відповіддю.
Sorry a, etc.
I am sorry to say …
It a pity that …
It is unfortunate that …
На жаль, я повинен сказати ...
Жаль, що ...
На жаль ...
Surprise v
It seems to one surprising that …
Дивним здається те, що ...
Sure a (certain a)
Я впевнений, що...
Я не можу бути впевненим
I am quite sure (certain) that …
I cannot be sure (certain) …
GRAMMAR REVISION TABLES
NOUNS: SINGULAR AND PLURAL |
||
Singular |
Plural |
Uses |
day bird street rose |
days birds streets roses |
The plural of a noun is usually made by adding –s to the singular |
tomato match dish class box |
tomatoes matches dishes classes boxes |
Nouns ending in –o, -ch, -sh, -s, -ss or –x form their plural by adding –es. (NOTE: words of foreign origin or abbreviated words ending in –o and –s only: dynamo – dynamos; kilo – kilos; photo – photos; piano – pianos); |
baby city |
babies cities |
Nouns ending in –y following a consonant form their plural by dropping the –y and adding –ies. |
loaf wife wolf calf half knife shelf life sheaf |
loaves wives wolves calves halves knifes shelves lives sheaves |
Twelve nouns ending in –f or –fe drop the –f or –fe and add –ves: loaf, wife, wolf, calf, half, leaf, self, knife, life, sheaf, shelf, thief. (Exceptions: beliefs, chiefs, roofs, cliffs, safes, cuffs, handkerchiefs). The nouns hoof, scarf and wharf take either –s or –ves in the plural: wharfs or wharves, hoofs or hooves; scarfs or scarves. |
man woman foot goose foot louse mouse child |
men women feet geese teeth lice mice children |
A few nouns form their plural by a vowel change. |
sheep deer fish species swine |
sheep deer fish species swine |
Some nouns have the same the same form for singular and plural. |
crisis criterion datum |
crises criteria data |
Some nouns that English has borrowed from other languages have foreign plurals. |