10. Заполните пропуски неопределенными местоимениями.

1. He never makes … mistakes.

2. Peter has … English magazines.

3. There is … in the street at this time.

4. Unfortunately, I have … friends in this city.

5. Can you tell me … about the meeting?

6. There are …newspapers on the table.

7. Can I do … for you?

8. There is … in the court.

9. The lawyer tells me … about this case.

10. Does … phone you every day?

	everybody, everyone	каждый, все
every (каждый)	everything	всё
	everywhere	везде, повсюду

11. Переведите предложения.

a)

1. Everybody needs friends.

2. They have everything they need.

3. You can get the information everywhere.

4. Every country has a national flag.

5. Everyone must know the history of his birthplace.

6. He visits London every year.

b)

1. Этот юрист знает все о законах.

2. Каждый гражданин должен знать свои права.

3. Он искал свою книгу везде.

4. Расскажите нам все об этом городе.

5. Все, что он говорит – правда.

6. У каждого есть своя тайна.

Парные союзы

both … and	как … так и …
either … or	либо … либо …
neither … nor	ни …. ни…

12. Переведите предложения.

1. Both my friend and I want to be militiamen.

2. Come to see me either on Sunday or on Saturday.

3. Neither my sister nor my brother can help me.

4. Both men and women work in militia.

5. I know neither French nor German.

13. А) Прочтите текст, соблюдая интонацию:

My `name's Pe trov. I `live in the centre of the city. I `learn English. We `have our English in the morning. We are at the lesson now. We `speak English to our teacher. We `read and `ask questions. We usually speak Russian after classes.

b) Напишите текст в отрицательной форме.

с) Ответьте на вопросы по тексту.

1. What is his name?

2. Where does he live?

3. What does he learn?

4. When does he have his English?

5. Where are they now?

6. Whom do they speak English to?

7. What do they do at the lesson?

8. What language do they usually speak after classes?

d) Перескажите текст (упражнение 13а).

UNIT 11

FAMILY

Grammar: Simple Tenses.

ABOUT MYSELF AND MY FAMILY

My name is Nick Petrov. I was born in the family of lawyers in St. Petersburg in 1991. I am 18. Last year I finished a secondary school and entered St. Petersburg Law Academy. I passed my entrance exams successfully and became a first-year student. After graduation from the Academy I will be a lawyer.

My family is large. We are six in the family. My grandfather is 60. He is a former militiaman. Now he is a pensioner. He was a patrol officer. His duty was to make uniform patrol in the district and to help detectives with their follow-up investigations.

My grandmother does not work now. She was a lawyer.

My father is 44. He is a born detective. He solves crimes and protects people. He is fond of his job.

My mother works as a judge at a people's court. To be a lawyer is our family tradition. I have a sister, a schoolgirl of 12. We are a friendly family.

We have a four-room flat. It is big and comfortable. We like to spend our evenings together. In our spare time we usually watch TV, discuss family affairs and problems at work.

Notes:

to make uniform patrol in the district	осуществлять патрулирование в районе
follow-up investigation	дальнейшее расследование
four-room flat	четырех комнатная квартира
spare time	свободное время
entrance examination	вступительный экзамен

Vocabulary

born a be ~	рожденный родиться
fond a be ~ of	любящий, нежный любить, увлекаться
become v	становиться
court n	суд
crime n	преступление
criminal n	преступник
detect v	разыскивать (раскрывать)
detective n	сыщик
discuss v	обсуждать
duty n	долг, обязанность
enter v	поступать (в учебное заведение)
finish v	оканчивать (среднее учебное заведение)
former a	бывший
investigate v	расследовать
investigation n	следствие
investigator n	следователь
graduate v n	оканчивать (вуз), выпускник
graduation n	окончание
judge n	судья
law n	закон, право
lawyer n	юрист
protect v	защищать
solve v ~ crime	раскрывать, разрешать раскрывать преступление
spend v	проводить
success n	успех
successfully a	успешно
watch v ~ TV	смотреть смотреть телевизор

Exercises

1. Put the words from this table in alphabetical order and translate them.

   comfortable	problem	activity	finish
   action	method	system	profession
   criminal	protection	tradition	examination
   detective	uniform	officer	patrol

2. Put the words into two columns.

[dз]	[g]
large	give

get, good, general, give, graduate, grandmother, great, investigation, judge, ground.

3. Transcribe the words.

interior, university, solve, graduate (v), work, pensioner, watch, judge, court, lawyer, crime, success, spare.

4. Define the part of speech as in the example.

social	adjective
law	noun
to solve	verb

regulation, to include, punitive, basic, to justify, unable, enlarges, performance, disorder, to regulate, community, electoral, homeless, safety, dangerous, future, primary, terrible.

5. Translate the groups of words.

   police	police station	police service
   militia	militiaman	militiawoman
   serve	service	serviceman
   enter	entrance exams	pass entrance exams
   success	successful	pass exam successfully
   law	lawyer	lawful actions
   graduate	graduation	graduate from the university
   investigate	investigation	follow-up investigation
   duty	perform duty	main duty
   patrol	patrol officer	make uniform patrol

6. Match the synonyms.

   large	task
   study	basic
   finish	assist
   main	learn
   mission	job
   help	justice
   fight	big
   work	graduate
   judge	defense
   protection	combat
   duties	functions

7. Match the antonyms.

   enter	unpopular
   criminal	inactive
   popular	graduate
   first	rest
   active	non-criminal
   work	uncomfortable
   comfortable	final
   pass an exam	unsuccessfully
   successfully	disorder
   order	fail an exam

8. Combine the words from the two columns.

a)

entrance	cadet
friendly	investigator
former	examination
uniform	militiaman
born	patrol
professional	family
first-year	detective

b)

to pass	crime
to spend	cadets
to solve	people
to protect	the university
to enter	examinations
to graduate (from)	time
to become	the college

9. Translate the following word-combinations.

1. entrance exams, a family tradition, a secondary school, a graduation from the university, a former militiaman, follow-up investigations, a friendly family, to make uniform patrol, a born detective, to be a lawyer, a comfortable flat, to solve crime, to be fond of one's job, to protect people.

2. быть юристом, работать судьей, прирожденный сыщик, окончить вуз, поступить в университет, семейная традиция, бывший милиционер, осуществлять патрулирование в районе, народный суд, дальнейшее расследование, обсуждать семейные дела, смотреть телевизор, стать следователем, сдать успешно экзамены, родиться в семье юристов.

10. Complete the sentences according to the text.

1. I was born in …

2. I finished a secondary school and …

3. After graduation from the university …

4. My grandfather's duty was …

5. My grandmother was …

6. My father's duty is …

7. My mother works as …

8. To be a lawyer is …

9. In our free time we usually …

10. We are …

11. Answer the questions on the text.

1. When and where was Nick born?

2. When did he enter St. Petersburg Law Academy?

3. What is he now?

4. What will he be in the future?

5. How many persons does his family consist of? What are they?

6. What were his grandparents?

7. What are his parents?

8. Where do they work?

9. What is their family tradition?

10. Has he a sister? What is she?

11. Is their flat comfortable?

12. What do they usually do in their spare time?

12. Translate the sentences into English.

1. В прошлом году я успешно сдал экзамены и поступил в академию.

2. Я буду следователем.

3. Наша семейная традиция – быть юристами.

4. Мой дедушка был патрульным офицером. Он осуществлял патрулирование в районе и помогал в дальнейшем расследовании.

5. Мой отец – прирожденный сыщик. Он раскрывает преступления и защищает людей. Ему нравится его работа.

6. Моя мама работает судьей в Народном суде.

7. У нас дружная семья.

GRAMMAR

13. Put these nouns in the plural as in the example.

a man – men

my duty – my duties

his job, an officer, a woman, a child, a family, our judge, this graduate, that lawyer.

14. Put the numerals into two columns paying attention to their suffixes. (Table 5).

cardinal	ordinal
four	fifth
thirteen	nineteenth

twenty first, thirty, thousand, three hundred and five, first, eightieth, twelve, a thousand and one, twentieth, third, six hundred and second.

15. Choose from the text pronouns and put them in two columns. (Table 4).

personal	possessive
he	his

16. Fill in the gaps with possessive pronouns (Table 4).

I have a sister. … name is Olga.

I have a sister. Her name is Olga.

1. My parents live in St. Petersburg. … flat is big.

2. My father is 44. … occupation is a detective.

3. I passed … entrance exams successfully.

4. In … spare time we watch TV.

5. My grandfather was a patrol officer. … duty was to make uniform patrol.

6. My father is fond of … job.

TO BE

Simple Tenses

Present	Past	Future
I am	was	will (shall) be
He she is it		will be
we you are they	were	will (shall) be
		will be
often, always usually, seldom	yesterday last year	tomorrow next year

17. Put the sentences into Past and Future Simple.

Nick is a student now. Nick was a student last year. Nick will be a student next year.

Our friends are in the library now. Student N is absent from the lesson. Junior sergeant C. is present at the lesson.

18. Put the sentences into negative and interrogative forms (Table 4).

a)	My friend is (was, will be) a student. My friend is (was) not a student. My friend will not be a student. Is (was) my friend a student? Will my friend be a student?

1. My father was a college graduate.

2. He will be an officer soon.

3. This cadet was absent from my lecture.

4. I was busy yesterday.

b)	My friends are (were, will be) students. My friends aren't (were not, will not be) students. Are (were) my friends students? Will my friends be students?

1. They were first-year cadets last year.

2. My sisters will be lawyers next year.

3. These streets are in the centre of the city.

4. My children were born in Moscow.

19. Conjugate the sentences in Simple Tenses (Table 10).

    Present		Past	Future
    I We You They	have (not)	had (not)	will (not) have
    He She It	has (not)
    I have a friend. I had a new flat. I will have a room.

20. Put the sentences into Past and Future Simple.

1. I have a comfortable flat.

2. He has many English books.

3. They have a new office in this city.

21. Put the sentences into negative and interrogative forms.

1. He has a friend in London.

2. They had little spare time.

3. You will have a new court in our city.

4. I shall have a meeting tomorrow.

Present Simple (Table 12)

22. Fill in the gaps with do or does.

1. … you know English?

2. … he live in St. Petersburg?

3. … your father work in militia?

4. When … the students translate the texts?

5. How … your friend help you?

6. Why … your teacher answer their questions?

7. Where … your sister study?

Past Simple

Past Simple обозначает обычное действие, имевшее место в прошлом.

V + ed		V2		yesterday last wee a month ago in 1990 …
to serve – served		to know – knew
to work - worked		to go – went

		He	lived	in St. Petersburg	last year.
		He	did not live	in St. Petersburg	last year.
	Did	he	live	in St. Petersburg	last year?
Where	did	he	live	–	last year?
		Who	lived	in St. Petersburg	last year.?

Note: he can be substituted by any subject.

23. Complete the table.

+	–	?
He studied law last year.	He didn't study law last year.	Did he study law last year?
The detective solved the crimes.	…	…
…	We didn't work in this court.	…
…	…	Did they enter this college?
…	She didn't become a lawyer.	…
He made uniform patrol in that district.	…	…
…	…	Did they spend their spare time together?

Remember the irregular verbs!

to be – was/were – been	to have – had – had
to do – did – done	to make – made – made
to know – knew – known	to take – took – taken
to give – gave – given	to spend – spent – spent
to become – became – become	to come – came – come
to go – went – gone	to see – saw – seen

Future Simple

Употребляется для выражения обычных действий в будущем со словами: tomorrow; the day after tomorrow; next week (month, year); in a week (a day, a month, a year)

+			He	will	go	to Moscow	tomorrow.
–			He	will not (won't)	go	to Moscow	tomorrow.
?		Will	he	–	go	to Moscow	tomorrow?
?	Where	will	he	–	go	–	tomorrow?

24. Give interrogative and negative forms as in the example.

He will come here next month. Will he come here next month? He will not (won't) come here next month.

1. Next month our group will have two exams.

2. My friend will enter our University next year.

3. We shall graduate from this college in two years.

4. The best cadets will go to London next summer.

5. They will become lawyers in future.

25. Use the correct tense of the verbs.

1. I (not to see) that man in the office yesterday.

2. He (to know) nothing about that investigation.

3. You (to tell) anyone about this crime tomorrow?

4. Soon the officer (to have) a new rank.

5. In future I (to be) an investigator.

6. Spartan women (to have) more freedom than the women of other Greek cities.

7. When I finished school I (to enter) the university.

8. Everybody (to know) that she (to be) a good specialist now.

9. The police officer (can) speak two foreign languages.

UNIT 12

CITIES AND COUNTRIES

Grammar: Participle I, II

Passive Voice

LONDON

London is the capital of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. It is situated on the River Thames. London is the largest city in Britain and one of the largest cities in the world.

The area including London and its suburbs covers 625 square miles and is known as "Greater London". Its population is about 11 million people.

London was founded in the 1^st century AD by the Romans. It is a big port and most important commercial, industrial and cultural centre. London consists of 3 main parts: the City, the East End and the West End.

The City is about one square mile in area. More than half a million people work in the City and only a few thousand live there. It's the financial centre of the UK with a lot of banks, offices and the Stock Exchange. One of the famous sights of London, St. Paul's Cathedral, is situated in the City. The Great Fire of 1666 destroyed three-quarters of the capital. Sir Christopher Wren rebuilt St. Paul's Cathedral and designed 51 churches.

The West End is the richest part of London. It's the area of the largest department stores, hotels, cinemas and theatres, concert halls and museums including the British Museum and famous art galleries.

The geographical centre of London is Trafalgar Square with the monument to Admiral Nelson in the centre of it. There are a lot of historical places and places of interest in the West End: Buckingham Palace which is the Queen's residence, the Palace of Westminster which is the seat of Parliament. In Westminster Abbey almost all English monarchs, famous scientists, writers and musicians are buried.

The best-known streets in the West End are Whitehall where important Government offices are located, Downing Street, the residence of the Prime Minister. Many famous parks are located in the West End, Hyde Park with its Speaker's Corner being the best known.

The port of London is situated in the East End. It's a great industrial area depending on shipping. It is densely populated by working class families. Old residents of the East End are proud to be called cockneys, which means true Londoners.

Notes:

be situated syn. be located	располагаться
department store	универмаг
most important	очень важный
"Speaker's Corner"	"Уголок оратора"
St. Paul's Cathedral	Собор Святого Павла
Stock Exchange	Лондонская фондовая биржа
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland	Соединенное Королевство Великобритании и Северной Ирландии

Vocabulary

area n	площадь, пространство
Buckingham Palace	Букингемский дворец
capital n	столица
city n	город
depend (on) v	зависеть (от)
design v	проектировать
district n	район
divide v	делить(ся), разделять
famous a	известный
found v	основывать
mean v	значить, означать
monument (to) n	памятник (кому-либо)
population n	население
resident n	постоянный житель
rich a	богатый
shipping n	флот, перевозка груза
sight n	достопримечательность
square n	площадь, квадрат
the City	Сити (исторический центр Лондона)
theatre n	театр
true a	истинный, настоящий
Westminster Abbey	Вестминстерское Аббатство

Exercises

1. Write the plural form of the following nouns.

capital, city, river, port, centre, district, bank, mile, office, residence, resident, department store, concert hall, area, palace, theatre, gallery.

2. Combine the words from the 2 columns.

   the largest	End
   concert	city
   industrial	museum
   department	populated
   commercial	Abbey
   the richest	centre
   historical	residence
   art	hall
   British	Park
   places	of interest
   square	port
   Westminster	gallery
   Hyde	hotel
   densely	district
   Queen's	store
   famous	miles
   West
   geographical
   East

3. Say whether these statements are true or false.

1. London is the capital of the United Kingdom and Northern Ireland.

2. London was founded in the 2^nd century AD.

3. The main parts of London are the West End, the East End and the City.

4. The City is the industrial district of London.

5. There are a lot of places of interest in the East End.

6. More than a million people live in the City.

7. Downing Street is the residence of the Prime Minister.

8. The Speaker's Corner is located in Hyde Park.

9. Fashionable hotels and the richest department stores are situated in the East End.

10. Cockneys means true Londoners.

4. Answer the questions on the text.

1. Where is London situated?

2. When was the capital of the UK founded?

3. What is the population of London?

4. What main parts is London divided into?

5. What kind of city is London?

6. What is the City?

7. What is the main sight in the City?

8. What places of interest can one find in the West End?

9. What is Downing Street famous for?

10. What is the geographical centre of London?

11. How can you describe the East End?

5. Speak on London.

ST. PETERSBURG

Modern St. Petersburg is the second largest Russian city after Moscow. It's a big industrial, cultural and scientific centre. Its population is about 5 million people. The city was founded in 1703 by Peter the First and is situated on the banks of the River Neva. The city lies on 42 islands. Three hundred bridges cross the rivers and canals in the city.

St. Petersburg is one of the most beautiful cities in the world, it is called "Venice of North". It's the city of museums. There are about fifty historical, art and memorial museums, the Hermitage being the largest and the most famous. It's located in the former Winter Palace built in 1762 by Rastrelli as the tsar's residence. Peter and Paul Fortress is one of the famous places of interest. It was built in 1703 and became a historical museum in 1923. The Cathedral of Peter and Paul, which gave its name to the fortress, was designed by Domenico Trezzini. St. Isaac's Cathedral, the Admiralty, Nevsky Prospect are also world-known.

Palace Square is the main square of the city. It glorifies the victory of Russia over Napoleon in 1812. All the world remembers the heroic citizens of Leningrad who withstood 900-day blockade during World War II.

Today St. Petersburg has about 300 research institutes and 80 higher educational establishments. The leading industries are shipbuilding, machine-building, instrument-making. The cultural life of the city is rich and various. Thousands of guests from all over the world visit St. Petersburg and its suburbs every year.

Notes:

Peter-and-Paul Fortress	Петропавловская крепость
St. Isaac's Cathedral	Исаакиевский собор

Vocabulary

bridge n	мост
cathedral n	собор
cross v	пересекать
establishment n	учреждение
former a	бывший
fortress n	крепость
glorify v	прославлять
island n	остров
lie v	лежать, находиться
modern a	современный
palace n	дворец
place n ~s of interest	место достопримечательности
research n	исследование
scientific a	научный
suburb n	пригород
victory n	победа
withstand (withstood) v	выстоять

Exercises

6. Define the part of speech and translate the words.

the largest, rivers, famous, glorify, population, to lie, to found, gave, has, is, scientific, to remember, to design, beautiful, historical, residence, the best, higher, to withstand, the second, densely, industrial.

7. Combine the words from the two columns.

scientific	square
modern	fortress
Peter-and-Paul	museum
places	by Rastrelli
historical	centre
educational	the rivers
main	of interest
designed	establishment
the largest	residence
cross
tsar's

8. Say whether these statements are true or false as in the example.

Modern St. Petersburg is the largest city in Russia.

F

1. Its population is more than 5 million people.

2. It's situated on the River Thames.

3. 363 bridges cross the city.

4. The Russian museum is the largest in St. Petersburg.

5. The Winter Palace was built in 1762 by Rastrelli.

6. Peter and Paul Fortress was built in 1703.

7. The city lies on 42 islands.

8. Peter and Paul Fortress is a prison now.

9. St. Petersburg has more than 80 higher educational establishments now.

9. Answer the questions on the text.

1. Who was the founder of St. Petersburg?

2. When was St. Petersburg founded?

3. What is the population of St. Petersburg?

4. What kind of city is St. Petersburg?

5. How many islands does it lie on?

6. Who was the designer of the Winter Palace?

7. What is the Hermitage?

8. How many bridges cross the rivers and canals of St. Petersburg?

9. What is your favourite place in St. Petersburg?

10. What places of interest do you know?

11. What do you like (dislike) in St. Petersburg?

12. Can St. Petersburg be called a scientific and educational centre?

10. Speak on St. Petersburg.

GRAMMAR

Participle

Verb	Participle I V4 (ing)	Participle II V3
protect защищать	protecting защищающий	protected защищенный
get получать	getting получающий	got полученный

11. Form Participle I from the following verbs as in the example.

develop - developing

produce, make, go, build, design, govern, change, locate, live, depend, lie, divide, invent, elect, surround, wash, separate, write, destroy, consist, become, belong, represent, symbolize, occupy, conduct, found, educate.

12. Form Participle II from the following verbs as in the example.

found - founded

find – found

locate, depend, change, build, design, develop, make, govern, produce, divide, invent, surround, elect, name, separate, write, elect, build, destroy, represent, occupy, limit, educate,

13. Translate Participle I Present and Participle II (in the function of an attribute) as in the example.

building	built
строящий	построенный

changing	changed
making	made
developing	developed
dividing	divided
inventing	invented
surrounding	surrounded
producing	produced
designing	designed
knowing	known
founding	founded
writing	written
washing	washed

14. Match the English-Russian equivalents.

    electing	разрушающий
    limited	образованный
    representing	проводимый
    destroyed	ограниченный
    occupying	проводящий
    conducted	занятый
    limiting	представляющий
    represented	избранный
    educating	ограничивающий
    educated	представленный
    conducting	дающий образование
    elected	занимающий
    destroying	избирающий
    occupied	разрушенный

15. Translate Participle II in different functions as in the example.

elected избранный

is elected избирается

was elected был избран

will be elected будет избран

limited	is limited	was limited	will be limited
represented	is represented	was represented	will be represented
made	is made	was made	will be made
destroyed	is destroyed	was destroyed	will be destroyed
built	is built	was built	will be built
founded	is founded	was founded	will be founded
separated	is separated	was separated	will be separated
designed	is designed	was designed	will be designed

16. Form Participle I Perfect from the following verbs as in the example.

change	having changed
make	having made

develop, invent, surround, design, produce, elect, divide, found, represent, occupy, limit, destroy, know, build, limit.

17. Translate Participle I Present and Perfect as in the example.

(when, while) changing изменяя

having changed изменив

making	having made
developing	having developed
inventing	having invented
surrounding	having surrounded
producing	having produced
designing	having designed
electing	having elected
dividing	having divided
founding	having founded
representing	having represented
occupying	having occupied
limiting	having limited
destroying	having destroyed
knowing	having known

18. Translate into English using: a) Participle I and II, b) Participle I Present and Perfect.

a)

b)

разделяющий – разделенный; избирающий – избранный; ограничивающий – ограниченный; изменяющий – измененный; строящий – построенный; проектирующий – спроектированный; окружающий – окруженный; пишущий – написанный; омывающий – омываемый; знающий – известный; производящий – производимый; занимающий – занятый; дающий образование – образованный; изобретающий – изобретенный; называющий – названный; разрушающий – разрушенный; основывающий - основанный

строя – построив; производя – произведя; разрушая – разрушив; представляя – представив; защищая – защитив; окружая – окружив; изобретая – изобретя; основывая – основав; разделяя – разделив; располагая – расположив; делая – сделав; избирая – избрав; ограничивая – ограничив; проектируя – спроектировав; зная - узнав

19. Translate the sentences paying attention to Participle and Participle Constructions.

1. Having passed the Parliament the bill goes to the House of Lords.

2. There are four oceans in the world, the Pacific being the largest and the deepest.

3. Surrounded by seas GB has a mild climate.

4. GB has a highly developed industry.

5. The US Congress consists of two chambers, the Senate being the upper one.

6. There are twelve seas and three oceans washing Russia.

7. America is a land of physical contrasts including the weather.

8. There are 26 amendments in the US Constitution, the Bill of Rights being the best-known.

9. The USA was built and developed by generations of immigrants and their children.

10. There are a lot of big cities in the USA, New York being the biggest.

11. Industry being highly developed in GB, it is one of the richest countries in the world.

12. The port of London being situated in the East End, a lot of working people live there.

13. Built in 1702-1705 for the Duke of Buckingham, Buckingham Palace was sold to George III in 1961.

Simple Tenses

Passive Voice

to be + V3
Present	am, is, are	heard	Cases are heard. – Дела слушаются
Past	was, were		Cases were heard. - Дела слушались
Future	will be		Cases will be heard. – Дела будут слушаться

20. Translate the sentences paying attention to the Passive Voice.

1. London is situated on the banks of the River Thames.

2. St. Petersburg is situated on the banks of the Neva River.

3. New York is situated on the Hudson Rives.

4. Washington is situated on the bank of the Potomac River.

5. London was founded in the first century AD.

6. St. Petersburg was founded in 1703.

7. Washington was founded in 1791.

8. The Hermitage was designed by Rastrelli.

9. St. Paul's Cathedral was designed by Ch. Wren.

10. Peter and Paul Fortress was built in 1703.

11. First Metro was opened in London in 1863.

12. In 1817 the President's House was rebuilt and its walls were painted white.

13. Two Metro stations will be built in our city next year.

14. The President of the USA will be elected in November.

15. New skyscrapers will be built in New York.

16. The President is elected for the term of four years.

21. Choose the correct form of the verb.

1. The House of Commons … of 650 members, known as members of Parliament.

a) make b) is made c) will make

2. St.-Petersburg … on the River Neva.

a) was situated b) situates c) is situated

3. Members of the House of Lords …

a) elect b) are not elected c) were elected

4. The President in Russia … for the term of 4 years.

a) is elected b) elected c) elect

5. The Statue of Liberty … in France in 1884.

a) is made b) will be made c) was made

6. "The Bronze Horseman" … by Falconer in 1782.

a) was designed b) designed c) is designed

7. Washington … on the Potomac River.

a) is situated b) was situated c) will be situated

8. The first bridge … in St.-Petersburg in 1703.

a) build b) built c) was built

9. The first section of the Underground … in Leningrad in 1955.

a) is opened b) was opened c) opens

10. In 1991 Leningrad … St.-Petersburg again.

a) renamed b) will be renamed c) was renamed

11. The monument to Pushkin … by Anikhushin.

a) was designed b) design c) are designed

12. New York … on the Hudson River.

a) situated b) be situated c) is situated.

13. A new monument … next week.

a) was opened b) opens c) will be opened

14. Manhattan … from Indians for 24 dollars.

a) was bought b) bought c) is bought

15. Moscow … by Yuri Dolgoruki in 1147.

a) was founded b) found c) founded

16. Britain … from the European Continent by the English Channel and the Strait of Dover.

a) separate b) is separated c) separated

17. British Constitution … in any document.

a) wrote b) is not written c) are not written

22. Rewrite the sentences in the Passive as in the example.

Sir Christopher Wren designed St. Paul's Cathedral. St. Paul's Cathedral was designed by Sir Christopher Wren.

1. The country will elect the president next year.

2. The police found the person who broke into the shop.

3. The governor made a speech on TV yesterday.

4. The English Channel and the Strait of Dover separate Britain the UK from the European continent.

5. The Irish Sea separates Great Britain from Ireland.

6. The Atlantic Ocean and the North Sea wash the UK.

7. Englishmen speak English in Britain.

8. We elect president for four years.

9. They named the river after Henry Hudson.

10. During the war with Napoleon in 1812 the fire destroyed four-fifth of Moscow.

11. The Muscovites rebuilt the capital soon.

12. Peter the First found St.-Petersburg in 1703.

23. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the verb (Simple Tenses, Active or Passive) as in the example.

to found Peter the First founded St.-Petersburg. St.-Petersburg was founded by Peter the First.

1. to design

1. Sir Christopher Wren … St. Paul's Cathedral.

2. St. Paul's Cathedral … by Sir. Christopher Wren.

2. to build

1. Romans … churches in England.

2. Churches … in England by Romans.

3. to speak

1. People … English in many countries.

2. English … in many countries.

4. to wash

1. The North Sea … GB in the East.

2. In the East GB … by the North Sea.

5. to divide

1. The River Thames … London into two unequal parts.

2. London … by the River Thames into two unequal parts.

6. to call

1. People … the USA the "nation of immigrants".

2. The USA … the "nation of immigrants".

7. to elect

1. We … our President in 4 years.

2. Our President … in 4 years.

8. to limit

1. The Parliament … the powers of the Queen.

2. The Queen's powers … by the Parliament.

9. to occupy

1. The UK … most of the territory of the British Isles.

2. Most of the territory of the British Isles … by the UK.

10. to collect

1. P.M. Tretyakov … first exhibits for the future gallery.

2. First exhibits for the future gallery … by P.M. Treryakov.

11. to head

1. The Prime Minister … the executive power.

2. The executive power … by the Prime Minister.

12. to visit

1. Thousands of people … St.-Petersburg every year.

2. St.-Petersburg … by thousands of people.

PART II