- •Практична граматика англійської мови для студентів 3 курсу
- •Table of contents
- •(Verbids, verbals)
- •Categories of Finite Forms of the Verb (revision)
- •Classification of non-finite forms of the verb (verbals)
- •Verbals
- •Verbals
- •Indefinite Continuous Perfect Non-Perfect Active Passive
- •Grammatical categories of participle I
- •General Characteristic of the infinitive
- •Double nature of the infinitive
- •Verbal Features of the Infinitive
- •A: Morphological features
- •B: Syntactical features
- •Nominal features of the Infinitive
- •Other functions of the Infinitive
- •Grammatical categories of the infinitive
- •Forms of infinitive
- •The infinitive as subject
- •1. The infinitive as the subject can either:
- •Part 1
- •Infinitive as predicate
- •The infinitive as predicative
- •Part 1
- •Part 2
- •The infinitive as part of compound verbal modal predicate
- •Part 2
- •The infinitive as part of compound verbal aspect predicate
- •Not all these verbs have the same combinability:
- •To stop
- •Task 15. Use either an infinitive or a gerund or both in the sentences below.
- •Module 2 the infinitive as object
- •To remember, to forget, to regret,
- •To mean
- •To prefer
- •To like
- •To afford
- •To consider
- •To be sorry
- •To be afraid
- •Cannot help
- •Part 1
- •The infinitive as attribute
- •The infinitive as an adverbial modifier
- •1. Adverbial Modifier of Purpose (Manner)
- •Compare
- •2. Adverbial Modifier of Result or Consequence
- •3. Adverbial Modifier of Comparison
- •4. Adverbial Modifier of Subsequent Events
- •5. Adverbial Modifier of Exception
- •6. Adverbial Modifier of Condition
- •7. Adverbial Modifier of Time
- •8. Adverbial Modifier of Attendant Circumstances
- •Part 2
- •Part 2
- •Group 1. Verbs of sense perception
- •Complex Object after these verbs is used in the following way:
- •Completed action
- •Action in progress
- •Complex Object is not used:
- •Translation
- •Group 2. Verbs of mental activity
- •Complex Object after these verbs is used in the following way:
- •Group 3. Verbs of wishes, intentions and emotions
- •Complex Object after these verbs is used in the following way:
- •Group 4. Verbs of inducement
- •Complex Object after these verbs is used in the following way:
- •Bare infinitive
- •Group 5. Verb of reporting and declaring
- •Complex Object after these verbs is used in the following way:
- •Group 6. Verbs denoting order, permission, prohibition and persuasion
- •Complex Object after these verbs is used in the following way:
- •Group 7. Certain phrasal verbs
- •(The infinitive as part of a compound verbal predicate of double orientation)
- •Translation
- •Group 2. Verbs of sense perception
- •Complex Subject after these verbs is used in the following way:
- •Completed action
- •Action in progress
- •Group 3. Verbs of mental activity or perception
- •Complex Subject after these verbs is used in the following way:
- •Group 4. Verbs of reporting
- •Complex Subject after these verbs is used in the following way:
- •Group 6. Phrases with modal meaning
- •Complex Subject after these verbs is used in the following way:
- •Revision of the infinitive
- •Task 67. Paraphrase the sentences below using (if possible) one of the following constructions: a) Complex Object; b) Complex Subject; c) For-to-Infinitive Construction
- •Task 67. Replace the underlined phrases with an appropriate infinitive or infinitive construction.
- •Appendix: verbals
- •Infinitive and gerund
- •Verbs followed immediately by infinitive
- •Verbs followed by either gerund or infinitive without a change in meaning
- •Adjectives followed by infinitive
- •Set expressions used with infinitive
- •IV. Verbs commonly used with the gerund
- •Expressions always used with gerund
- •Verbs with prepositions commonly used with the gerund
- •Set phrases with prepositions commonly used with gerund
- •Gerund after certain nouns with prepositions Preposition ‘of’
- •Preposition ‘at’
- •Preposition ‘for’
- •Preposition ‘in’
- •Miscellaneous Prepositions
- •Gerunds after prepositions
- •Infinitive and gerund used with different meaning to stop
- •To remember, to forget, to regret,
- •To mean
- •To prefer
- •To like
- •To be sorry
- •To be afraid, to dread, to fear
- •To afford
- •To consider
- •To intend
- •To need
- •To advise to allow to recommend
- •To be interested
- •To imagine
- •Cannot help (used to say that it is impossible to avoid or prevent something)
- •Grammar terms glossary
Group 3. Verbs of wishes, intentions and emotions
There are quite a lot of verbs that can be used in this construction. Some of them are:
|
to like |
to love |
to dislike |
to hate |
to want |
|
to intend |
would like |
to mean |
cannot bear* |
|
Note: After the expression ‘cannot/can’t bear’ both infinitive and gerund can be used without any difference in meaning, e.g.
How can you bear to eat /eating that junky food? = Как ты можешь есть эту вредную пищу? / Як ти можеш їсти цю шкідливу їжу?
My aunt can’t bear to have / having cats in the house. = Моя тетя терпеть не может держать котов в доме. / Моя тітка терпіти не може тримати котів у домі.
Peter can’t bear to be laughed at. / Peter can’t bear being laughed at. = Питер терпеть не может, когда над ним смеются. / Питер терпіти не може, коли над ним сміються.
Complex Object after these verbs is used in the following way:
To express an action in the Passive Voice usually to + non-perfect active infinitive is used after these verbs, e.g.
Do you really want Helen to play this part? = Ты действительно хочешь, чтобы Елена сыграла эту роль? / Ти дійсно хочеш, щоб Олена зіграла цю роль?
I'd hate you to go right now, stay a little longer. = Мне очень не хочется, чтобы ты уходил прямо сейчас, останься еще немного. / Мені дуже не хочеться, щоб ти йшов прямо зараз, залишся ще трошки.
I’m going to Dorothy’s party. I’d love you to come with me. = Я иду на вечеринку к Дороти. Я бы хотела, чтобы ты пошел со мной. / Я йду на вечірку до Дороти. Я б хотіла, щоб ти пішов зі мною.
My parents always liked Mr. Nelson to sing at their parties. = Моим родителям всегда нравилось, когда Миссис Нельсон пела на их вечерах. / Моїм батькам завжди подобалося, коли Місіс Нельсон співала на їхніх вечорах.
The teacher did not mean the students to learn the poem by heart. = Учитель не имел в виду, что студенты должны выучить это стихотворение наизусть. / Учитель не мав на увазі, що студенти повинні вивчити цей вірш напам'ять.
Papa intended me to go with him to the park. (very formal, old-fashioned) = Папа хотел (имел намерение), чтобы я пошла с ним в парк. / Тато хотів (мав намір), щоб я пішла з ним у парк.
To express an action in the Passive Voice non-perfect passive infinitive is used, e.g.
Aunt Petunia wanted Harry to be punished by Mr. Dursley. = Тетя Петунья хотела, чтобы Гарри был наказан Мистером Дурсли. / Тітка Петунія хотіла, щоб Гаррі був покараний Містером Дурслі.
Mary hated her children to be spoilt by their relatives. = Мэри терпеть не могла, когда родственники баловали ее детей. / Мері терпіти не могла, коли родичі розпещували її дітей.
Some of these verbs can be also followed by the gerund, e.g.
Jenny's mother hates her staying out late. = Jenny's mother hates her to stay out late. = Мать Дженни очень не любит, когда ее дочь поздно приходит домой (гуляет допоздна). / Мати Дженни дуже не любить, коли її дочка пізно приходить додому (гуляє допізна).
Sometimes the verb to want (with the additional the meaning of ‘to allow’) and the verb to like are used with Participle I, e.g.
I don’t want you talking back to me. = Я не позволю тебе дерзить. / Я не дозволю тобі грубити.
They didn’t like me leaving so early. = Они не хотели, чтобы я уходила так рано. / Вони не хотіли, щоб я йшла так рано.
In rare cases, perfect infinitive can be used to show the priority of actions, e.g.
I hated him to have been sent away. = Я очень сожалела, что его отослали. / Мені було дуже шкода, що його відіслали.