- •Практична граматика англійської мови для студентів 3 курсу
- •Table of contents
- •(Verbids, verbals)
- •Categories of Finite Forms of the Verb (revision)
- •Classification of non-finite forms of the verb (verbals)
- •Verbals
- •Verbals
- •Indefinite Continuous Perfect Non-Perfect Active Passive
- •Grammatical categories of participle I
- •General Characteristic of the infinitive
- •Double nature of the infinitive
- •Verbal Features of the Infinitive
- •A: Morphological features
- •B: Syntactical features
- •Nominal features of the Infinitive
- •Other functions of the Infinitive
- •Grammatical categories of the infinitive
- •Forms of infinitive
- •The infinitive as subject
- •1. The infinitive as the subject can either:
- •Part 1
- •Infinitive as predicate
- •The infinitive as predicative
- •Part 1
- •Part 2
- •The infinitive as part of compound verbal modal predicate
- •Part 2
- •The infinitive as part of compound verbal aspect predicate
- •Not all these verbs have the same combinability:
- •To stop
- •Task 15. Use either an infinitive or a gerund or both in the sentences below.
- •Module 2 the infinitive as object
- •To remember, to forget, to regret,
- •To mean
- •To prefer
- •To like
- •To afford
- •To consider
- •To be sorry
- •To be afraid
- •Cannot help
- •Part 1
- •The infinitive as attribute
- •The infinitive as an adverbial modifier
- •1. Adverbial Modifier of Purpose (Manner)
- •Compare
- •2. Adverbial Modifier of Result or Consequence
- •3. Adverbial Modifier of Comparison
- •4. Adverbial Modifier of Subsequent Events
- •5. Adverbial Modifier of Exception
- •6. Adverbial Modifier of Condition
- •7. Adverbial Modifier of Time
- •8. Adverbial Modifier of Attendant Circumstances
- •Part 2
- •Part 2
- •Group 1. Verbs of sense perception
- •Complex Object after these verbs is used in the following way:
- •Completed action
- •Action in progress
- •Complex Object is not used:
- •Translation
- •Group 2. Verbs of mental activity
- •Complex Object after these verbs is used in the following way:
- •Group 3. Verbs of wishes, intentions and emotions
- •Complex Object after these verbs is used in the following way:
- •Group 4. Verbs of inducement
- •Complex Object after these verbs is used in the following way:
- •Bare infinitive
- •Group 5. Verb of reporting and declaring
- •Complex Object after these verbs is used in the following way:
- •Group 6. Verbs denoting order, permission, prohibition and persuasion
- •Complex Object after these verbs is used in the following way:
- •Group 7. Certain phrasal verbs
- •(The infinitive as part of a compound verbal predicate of double orientation)
- •Translation
- •Group 2. Verbs of sense perception
- •Complex Subject after these verbs is used in the following way:
- •Completed action
- •Action in progress
- •Group 3. Verbs of mental activity or perception
- •Complex Subject after these verbs is used in the following way:
- •Group 4. Verbs of reporting
- •Complex Subject after these verbs is used in the following way:
- •Group 6. Phrases with modal meaning
- •Complex Subject after these verbs is used in the following way:
- •Revision of the infinitive
- •Task 67. Paraphrase the sentences below using (if possible) one of the following constructions: a) Complex Object; b) Complex Subject; c) For-to-Infinitive Construction
- •Task 67. Replace the underlined phrases with an appropriate infinitive or infinitive construction.
- •Appendix: verbals
- •Infinitive and gerund
- •Verbs followed immediately by infinitive
- •Verbs followed by either gerund or infinitive without a change in meaning
- •Adjectives followed by infinitive
- •Set expressions used with infinitive
- •IV. Verbs commonly used with the gerund
- •Expressions always used with gerund
- •Verbs with prepositions commonly used with the gerund
- •Set phrases with prepositions commonly used with gerund
- •Gerund after certain nouns with prepositions Preposition ‘of’
- •Preposition ‘at’
- •Preposition ‘for’
- •Preposition ‘in’
- •Miscellaneous Prepositions
- •Gerunds after prepositions
- •Infinitive and gerund used with different meaning to stop
- •To remember, to forget, to regret,
- •To mean
- •To prefer
- •To like
- •To be sorry
- •To be afraid, to dread, to fear
- •To afford
- •To consider
- •To intend
- •To need
- •To advise to allow to recommend
- •To be interested
- •To imagine
- •Cannot help (used to say that it is impossible to avoid or prevent something)
- •Grammar terms glossary
The infinitive as an adverbial modifier
The infinitive can be used as different adverbial modifiers:
an adverbial modifier of purpose / manner
an adverbial modifier of result or consequence
an adverbial modifier of comparison / manner
an adverbial modifier of subsequent events
an adverbial modifier of exception
an adverbial modifier of condition
an adverbial modifier of attendant circumstances
an adverbial modifier of time
Study the tables below to find information about the use of the infinitive in this function.
1. Adverbial Modifier of Purpose (Manner)
|
Characteristic Features |
Questions |
Conjunctions |
|
Sometimes has an additional meaning of an adverbial modifier of manner.
|
|
|
Note 1: Sometimes the infinitive in this function has an additional meaning of manner.
My friend thinks he will go to Britain (for what purpose?) to improve his English. = Мой друг думает, что он поедет в Великобританию для того, чтобы улучшить свой английский. / Мій друг думає, що він поїде у Великобританію для того, щоб поліпшити свій англійський.
To occupy her mind (what for?), she took the job offered to her. = Для того, чтобы занять свои мысли, она взялась за работу, которую ей предложили. / Для того, щоб зайняти свої думки, вона узялася за роботу, що їй запропонували.
A lot of girls like to keep diaries (what for?) in order to share their secrets with some anonymous reader. = Многие девочки любят вести дневники для того, чтобы доверить свои секреты анонимному читателю. / Багато дівчат люблять вести щоденники для того, щоб довірити свої секрети анонімному читачеві.
Mary turned away (what for)? so as to hide her tears. = Мэри отвернулась, чтобы скрыть свои слезы. / Мери відвернулася, щоб сховати свої сльози.
Then she turned down (what for?/ in what manner?) as if to look at the flowers. = Затем она отвернулась будто бы для того, чтобы посмотреть на цветы. / Потім вона відвернулася нібито для того, щоб подивитися на квіти.
The mother’s lips moved as if to warn her son about something. – Губы матери шевельнулись, как будто она хотела предупредить своего сына о чем-то. / Губи матері ворухнулися, начебто вона хотіла попередити свого сина про щось.
The professor shook his head as though to show that he was dissatisfied. – Профессор покачал головой, будто бы он хотел показать, что он был недоволен. / Професор похитав головою, начебто він хотів показати, що він був незадоволений.
Note 2: Don’t confuse the infinitive in the function of purpose with the infinitive in the function of the subject.
Compare
|
Subject |
Adverbial Modifier of Purpose |
|
(What?) To occupy your mind while you are ill is very important.
|
She did some mental calculations (what for?) to occupy her mind. (What for?) To occupy her mind she did some mental calculations. |