- •Практична граматика англійської мови для студентів 3 курсу
- •Table of contents
- •(Verbids, verbals)
- •Categories of Finite Forms of the Verb (revision)
- •Classification of non-finite forms of the verb (verbals)
- •Verbals
- •Verbals
- •Indefinite Continuous Perfect Non-Perfect Active Passive
- •Grammatical categories of participle I
- •General Characteristic of the infinitive
- •Double nature of the infinitive
- •Verbal Features of the Infinitive
- •A: Morphological features
- •B: Syntactical features
- •Nominal features of the Infinitive
- •Other functions of the Infinitive
- •Grammatical categories of the infinitive
- •Forms of infinitive
- •The infinitive as subject
- •1. The infinitive as the subject can either:
- •Part 1
- •Infinitive as predicate
- •The infinitive as predicative
- •Part 1
- •Part 2
- •The infinitive as part of compound verbal modal predicate
- •Part 2
- •The infinitive as part of compound verbal aspect predicate
- •Not all these verbs have the same combinability:
- •To stop
- •Task 15. Use either an infinitive or a gerund or both in the sentences below.
- •Module 2 the infinitive as object
- •To remember, to forget, to regret,
- •To mean
- •To prefer
- •To like
- •To afford
- •To consider
- •To be sorry
- •To be afraid
- •Cannot help
- •Part 1
- •The infinitive as attribute
- •The infinitive as an adverbial modifier
- •1. Adverbial Modifier of Purpose (Manner)
- •Compare
- •2. Adverbial Modifier of Result or Consequence
- •3. Adverbial Modifier of Comparison
- •4. Adverbial Modifier of Subsequent Events
- •5. Adverbial Modifier of Exception
- •6. Adverbial Modifier of Condition
- •7. Adverbial Modifier of Time
- •8. Adverbial Modifier of Attendant Circumstances
- •Part 2
- •Part 2
- •Group 1. Verbs of sense perception
- •Complex Object after these verbs is used in the following way:
- •Completed action
- •Action in progress
- •Complex Object is not used:
- •Translation
- •Group 2. Verbs of mental activity
- •Complex Object after these verbs is used in the following way:
- •Group 3. Verbs of wishes, intentions and emotions
- •Complex Object after these verbs is used in the following way:
- •Group 4. Verbs of inducement
- •Complex Object after these verbs is used in the following way:
- •Bare infinitive
- •Group 5. Verb of reporting and declaring
- •Complex Object after these verbs is used in the following way:
- •Group 6. Verbs denoting order, permission, prohibition and persuasion
- •Complex Object after these verbs is used in the following way:
- •Group 7. Certain phrasal verbs
- •(The infinitive as part of a compound verbal predicate of double orientation)
- •Translation
- •Group 2. Verbs of sense perception
- •Complex Subject after these verbs is used in the following way:
- •Completed action
- •Action in progress
- •Group 3. Verbs of mental activity or perception
- •Complex Subject after these verbs is used in the following way:
- •Group 4. Verbs of reporting
- •Complex Subject after these verbs is used in the following way:
- •Group 6. Phrases with modal meaning
- •Complex Subject after these verbs is used in the following way:
- •Revision of the infinitive
- •Task 67. Paraphrase the sentences below using (if possible) one of the following constructions: a) Complex Object; b) Complex Subject; c) For-to-Infinitive Construction
- •Task 67. Replace the underlined phrases with an appropriate infinitive or infinitive construction.
- •Appendix: verbals
- •Infinitive and gerund
- •Verbs followed immediately by infinitive
- •Verbs followed by either gerund or infinitive without a change in meaning
- •Adjectives followed by infinitive
- •Set expressions used with infinitive
- •IV. Verbs commonly used with the gerund
- •Expressions always used with gerund
- •Verbs with prepositions commonly used with the gerund
- •Set phrases with prepositions commonly used with gerund
- •Gerund after certain nouns with prepositions Preposition ‘of’
- •Preposition ‘at’
- •Preposition ‘for’
- •Preposition ‘in’
- •Miscellaneous Prepositions
- •Gerunds after prepositions
- •Infinitive and gerund used with different meaning to stop
- •To remember, to forget, to regret,
- •To mean
- •To prefer
- •To like
- •To be sorry
- •To be afraid, to dread, to fear
- •To afford
- •To consider
- •To intend
- •To need
- •To advise to allow to recommend
- •To be interested
- •To imagine
- •Cannot help (used to say that it is impossible to avoid or prevent something)
- •Grammar terms glossary
4. Adverbial Modifier of Subsequent Events
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Characteristic Features |
Combinability |
Particles |
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1. The infinitive in this function is often found after the following notional verbs:
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Jane was driven away, never to come back. (She was driven away and never came back.) = Джейн увезли, и ей не суждено было вернуться. / Джейн відвезли, і їй не призначено було повернутися.
I am sorry to have raised your expectations only to disappoint you. (= I raised your expectations and by doing that only disappointed you.) = Мне жаль, что я дала вам надежду, только для того, чтобы снова разочаровать вас. / Мені шкода, що я дала вам надію, тільки для того, щоб знову розчарувати вас.
Soames arrived at three o’clock to hear that Fleur had gone out with the car at ten. (He arrived and heard.) = Сомс приехал только для того, чтобы узнать, что Флер уехала на машине в 10. / Сомс приїхав тільки для того, щоб довідатися, що Флер виїхала на машині о десятій.
Ted came down one morning to find his wife very excited. (He came down and found.) = Однажды утром Том спустился вниз и нашел свою жену в очень возбужденном состоянии. / Одного ранку Том спустився вниз і знайшов свою дружину в дуже збудженому стані.
He came home only to find it empty. (He came and found.) = Он пришел домой только для того, чтобы увидеть, что там никого нет. / Він прийшов додому тільки для того, щоб побачити, що там нікого немає.
5. Adverbial Modifier of Exception
|
Characteristic Features |
Questions |
Prepositions |
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Except what?
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I had nothing to do (except what?) but wait. = Мне ничего не оставалось делать кроме того, как ждать. / Мені нічого не залишалося робити крім того, як чекати.
What could he do (except what?) but submit? = Что он еще мог сделать кроме того, как подчиниться. / Що він ще міг зробити крім того, як підкоритися.
There was nothing to do (except what?) except turn back home. = Ничего не оставалось делать кроме того, как повернуть домой. / Нічого не залишалося робити крім того, як повернути додому.
What could he do (except what?) but forgive her? = Что он еще мог сделать кроме того, как простить ее? / Що він ще міг зробити крім того, як простити її?
The girl couldn’t help (except what?) but smile in return. = Девушка не могла не улыбнуться в ответ. (= Ей ничего не оставалось делать кроме того, как улыбнуться в ответ.) / Дівчина не могла не посміхнутися у відповідь. (= Їй нічого не залишалося робити крім того, як посміхнутися у відповідь.)