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b ih iehlb b ih \_j_ Hl_q_kl\h aZsbsZ_lky hjm`b_f b h[sbf gZjh^ guf ih^\b]hf h[s_c ]hlh\ghklvx ihkem`blv hl_q_kl\m \ ly`dbc qZk bkiulZgby \k_f q_f dZ`^uc fh`_l Lml _klv ^_eh jZ[hqbf dj_klvygZf mq_guf `_gsbgZf b fm`qbgZf xghrZf b klZjbdZf <kydbc fh`_l b ^he`_g \g_klb \ h[sbc ih^\b] k\hx ^hex ljm^Z aZ[hlu b bkdmkkl\Z
<kihfgbf k\yluo \h`^_c jmkkdh]h gZjh^Z gZijbf_j :e_dkZg^jZ G_\ kdh]h >bfbljby >hgkdh]h iheZ]Z\rbo k\hb ^mrb aZ gZjh^ b jh^bgm >Z b g_ lhevdh \h`^b wlh ^_eZeb <kihfgbf g_bkqbkebfu_ lukyqb ijhkluo ijZ\hkeZ\guo \hbgh\ [_a\_klgu_ bf_gZ dhlhjuo jmkkdbc gZjh^ m\_dh\_ qbe \ k\h_c keZ\ghc e_]_g^_ h [h]Zlujyo Bev_ Fmjhfp_ >h[jug_ Gbdb lbq_ b :e_r_ Ihih\bq_ jZa[b\rbo gZ]heh\m Kheh\vy-jZa[hcgbdZ
IjZ\hkeZ\gZy gZrZ P_jdh\v \k_]^Z jZa^_eyeZ km^v[m gZjh^Z <f_kl_ k gbf hgZ b bkiulZgby g_keZ b ml_rZeZkv _]h mki_oZfb G_ hklZ\bl hgZ gZjh^Z k\h_]h b l_i_jv ;eZ]hkeh\ey_l hgZ g_[_kguf [eZ]hkeh\_gb_f b ij_^klhysbc \k_gZjh^guc ih^\b]
?keb dhfm lh bf_ggh gZf gm`gh ihfgblv aZih\_^v Ojbklh\m ³;hevrb k_y ex[\_ gbdlh`_ bfZlv ^Z dlh ^mrm k\hx iheh`bl aZ ^jm]b k\hy´ >mrm k\hx iheZ]Z_l g_ lhevdh lhl dlh [m^_l m[bl gZ ihe_ kjZ`_gby aZ k\hc gZ
166
jh^ b _]h [eZ]h gh b \kydbc dlh `_jl\m_l kh[hc k\hbf a^hjh\v_f beb \u ]h^hc jZ^b jh^bgu GZf iZklujyf P_jd\b \ lZdh_ \j_fy dh]^Z hl_q_kl\h ijbau\Z_l \k_o gZ ih^\b] g_^hklhcgh [m^_l ebrv fheqZeb\h ihkfZljb \Zlv gZ lh qlh djm]hf ^_eZ_lky fZeh^mrgh]h g_ h[h^jblv h]hjq_ggh]h g_ ml_rblv dhe_[exs_fmky g_ gZihfgblv h ^he]_ b h \he_ ;h`b_c : _keb k\_jo lh]h fheqZeb\hklv iZklujy _]h g_dZkZl_evkl\h d i_j_`b\Z_fhfm iZkl\hc h[tykgblky _s_ b emdZ\ufb khh[jZ`_gbyfb gZkq_l \hafh`guo \u]h^ gZ lhc klhjhg_ ]jZgbpu lh wlh [m^_l ijyfZy baf_gZ jh^bg_ b k\h _fm iZklujkdhfm ^he]m ihkdhevdm P_jd\b gm`_g iZklujv g_kmsbc k\hx kem`[m bklbggh ³jZ^b BbkmkZ Z g_ jZ^b oe_[Z dmkZ´ dZd \ujZ`Zeky k\ylb l_ev >bfbljbc Jhklh\kdbc Iheh`bf `_ ^mrb k\hy \f_kl_ k gZr_c iZkl \hc Iml_f kZfhhl\_j`_gby reb g_bkqbkebfu_ lukyqb gZrbo ijZ\hkeZ\ guo \hbgh\ iheZ]Z\rbo `bagvx k\hx aZ jh^bgm b \_jm \h \k_ \j_f_gZ gZr_kl\bc \jZ]h\ gZ gZrm jh^bgm Hgb mfbjZeb g_ ^mfZy h keZ\_ hgb ^mfZeb lhevdh h lhf qlh jh^bg_ gm`gZ `_jl\Z k bo klhjhgu b kfbj_ggh `_jl\h\Zeb \k_f b kZfhc `bagvx k\h_c
P_jdh\v Ojbklh\Z [eZ]hkeh\ey_l \k_o ijZ\hkeZ\guo gZ aZsblm k\y s_gguo ]jZgbp gZr_c jh^bgu
=hkih^v gZf ^Zjm_l ih[_^m
IZljbZjrbc f_klh[exklbl_ev kfbj_gguc K_j]bc fbljhihebl Fhk dh\kdbc b Dhehf_gkdbc
=hkm^Zjkl\h Jhkkbckdh_ <eZklv b h[s_kl\h k ^j_\g_crbo \j_f_g ^h gZrbo ^g_c: K[ ^hdmf_glh\ F K –388.
12. Ba ^hg_k_gby =_grlZ[Z DjZkghc :jfbb \ PD <DI [
k_gly[jy ]
K_dj_lgh
>Zggu_ iZjlbaZg h iheh`_gbb \ hddmibjh\Zgguo h[eZklyo E_gbg]jZ^kdhc h[eZklb
« J_eb]by
G_f_pdh_ dhfZg^h\Zgb_ rbjhdh bkihevam_l \ k\hbo p_eyo p_jdh\v Jy^ p_jd\_c hkh[_ggh \ >gh\kdhf jZchg_ \hkklZgh\e_gu b \ gbo ijh oh^yl [h]hkem`_gby H kem`[Zo ^Zxlky h[ty\e_gby \ ]Za_lZo Hkh[_ggh [hevrZy kem`[Z [ueZ \ ] >gh GZ wlhf k[hjbs_ ijbkmlkl\h\Zeb ij_^
klZ\bl_eb ]_jfZgkdh]h dhfZg^h\Zgby GZ [h]hkem`_gbb ]eZ\Z ] >gh
ijhbag_k j_qv \ dhgp_ dhlhjhc ijbau\Ze gZk_e_gb_ [eZ]h^Zjblv g_f_p dh_ dhfZg^h\Zgb_ aZ hk\h[h`^_gb_ ]hjh^Z hl djZkguo < p_jd\Zo ijh\h ^ylky ki_pbZevgu_ fhe_[kl\by aZ ih[_^m ]_jfZgkdhc Zjfbb b ³kiZk_gb_ jh^bgu´ hl [hevr_\bdh\
Hl_q_kl\_ggu_ Zjob\u ‹ K
167
13. AZibkv [_k_^u ij_^k_^Zl_ey Kh\_lZ ih ^_eZf Jmkkdhc ijZ\hkeZ\ghc p_jd\b ijb KGD KKKJ = = DZjih\Z k ij_^klZ\bl_eyfb Fhkdh\kdhc iZljbZjobb
hdly[jy ]
Kh\_jr_ggh k_dj_lgh
29 hdly[jy ] hl ^h qZkh\ ij_^k_^Zl_ev Kh\_lZ ih ^_eZf Jmkkdhc ijZ\hkeZ\ghc p_jd\b ijb KGD KKKJ lh\ DZjih\ = = ijbgye
iZljbZjoZ K_j]by fbljhiheblZ Db_\kdh]h b =Zebpdh]h GbdheZy fbljh iheblZ E_gbg]jZ^kdh]h :e_dkby b mijZ\^_eZfb iZljbZjobb Zjob_ibkdh iZ =jb]hjby Qmdh\Z«
IZljbZjo b fbljhiheblu [ueb ijb]eZr_gu \ k\_l ^ey h[km`^_gby g_dhlhjuo ^_lZe_c \ k\yab k ij_^klZ\e_ggufb iZljbZjohf K_j]b_f ^h dmf_glZfb hlghkysbfbky d hj]ZgbaZpbb \ Fhkd\_ ijZ\hkeZ\gh-[h]hk-
eh\kdh]h bgklblmlZ b [h]hkeh\kdh-iZklujkdbo dmjkh\ \ _iZjobyo« < j_amevlZl_ h[f_gZ fg_gbc [ueh mklZgh\e_gh ke_^mxs__
1.Hij_^_eblv dhebq_kl\h f_kl ^ey -]h dmjkZ bgklblmlZ \ Fhkd\_ –q_eh\_d b ^ey -]h ]h^Z h[mq_gby gZ [h]hkeh\kdh-iZklujkdbo dmjkZo ^h q_eh\_d
2.«gZ dmjkZo b \ bgklblmlZo [m^ml mqblvky ebpZ ijZ\hkeZ\gh]h \_
jhbkih\_^Zgby ba fbjyg \_jmxsbo g_ fheh`_ e_l lhevdh fm`qbgu«
6.< l_dms_f ]h^m [h]hkeh\kdh-iZklujkdb_ dmjku hj]Zgbah\Zlv lhevdh
\ Fhkd\_ ohly ij_^iheh`_gby ^_eZebkv _iZjobZevgufb Zjob_j_y fb b \ ^jm]bo ]hjh^Zo dZd gZijbf_j \ DZaZgb«
AZibkv k^_eZe qe_g kh\_lZ B\Zgh\ B B
Hl_q_kl\_ggu_ Zjob\u ‹ K –75.
14. Khh[s_gb_ IheblmijZ\e_gby GZjdhfZlZ fhjkdh]h nehlZ KKKJ \ PD <DI [³K\ys_ggbd i_j_dj_klbe dj_klhf jZa\_\Zxsbcky gZ dhjf_ iZjhoh^Z kh\_lkdbc neZ]´
hdly[jy ]
K_dj_lZjx PD <DI [ lh\ FZe_gdh\m = F
<h <eZ^b\hklhd gZ iZjhoh^_ ³Fbgkd´ ijb[ueh l f_kl ih^Zjdh\ ^ey DjZkghc :jfbb kh[jZgguo jmkkdbfb wfb]jZglZfb ij_bfms_kl\_ggh k_dlZglZfb-fhehdZgZfb KZg-NjZgpbkdh Kj_^b ih^Zjdh\ – fm`kdZy b
`_gkdZy h^_`^Z h[m\v f_^bdZf_glu b objmj]bq_kdb_ bgkljmf_glu
168
DZiblZg b ihfihebl khh[sbeb h ke_^mxs_f \ fhf_gl ih]jmadb wlbo ih^Zjdh\ d km^gm ih^t_oZeZ fZrbgZ ba dhlhjhc \ur_e jmkkdbc k\ys_g gbd \ iheghf p_jdh\ghf h[eZq_gbb Hg i_j_dj_klbe dj_klhf jZa\_\Zx sbcky gZ dhjf_ iZjhoh^Z kh\_lkdbc neZ] Ihke_ wlh]h ih^Zjdb klZeb k]jm`Zlv k fZrbgu b mdeZ^u\Zlv gZ iZjhoh^
DZiblZg b ihfihebl khh[sZxl qlh kj_^b k_dlZglh\-fhehdZg kbevgh
Zdlb\babjh\Zehkv ^\b`_gb_ kheb^Zjghklb k Kh\_lkdbf Khxahf qlh \ qZklghklb gZoh^bl k\h_ \ujZ`_gb_ \ hj]Zgbah\Zgguo k[hjZo kj_^kl\ ^ey ih^Zjdh\ DjZkghc :jfbb dhlhju_ k [hevrhc Zdlb\ghklvx ijh\h^yl kZ fb jmdh\h^bl_eb j_eb]bhaguo h[sbg
Ihemqbeb h^gh\j_f_ggh khh[s_gb_ qlh gZ ^jm]bo km^Zo b^msbo ba aZ]jZgihjlh\ lZd`_ hlijZ\e_gu ih^Zjdb ^ey DjZkghc :jfbb
GZqZevgbd IheblmijZ\e_gby GZjdhffhjnehlZ KKKJ ;_eZoh\
Kh\_lkdbc Khxa \ ]h^u <_ebdhc Hl_q_kl\_gghc \hcgu – Lue Hd dmiZpby Khijhlb\e_gb_ F K
15. Pbjdmeyj ‹ =eZ\eblZ h ihjy^d_ ba^Zgby j_eb]bhaghc ebl_jZlmju
n_\jZey ]
] Fhkd\Z
<K?F G:Q:EVGBD:F =E:<DJ:CH;EEBLH<
< k\yab k aZijhkZfb k f_kl h ihjy^d_ jZaj_r_gby ba^Zgbc j_eb]bha ghc ebl_jZlmju ij_^eZ]Zx \ ^Zevg_cr_f jmdh\h^kl\h\Zlvky ke_^mxsbf ba^Zgb_ ebl_jZlmju ebklh\hd k \haa\Zgbyfb d \_jmxsbf hl^_evgu_ fhebl\u b ^jm]b_ p_jdh\gu_ ijhba\_^_gby fh`gh jZaj_rZlv d i_qZlb gZ f_klZo lhevdh k kZgdpbb K_dj_lZj_c PD GZpdhfiZjlbc DjZcdhfh\ b H[dhfh\ <DI [ ih ijhiZ]Zg^_
Miheghfhq_gguc KGD KKKJ ih hojZg_ \h_gguo lZcg \ i_qZlb b GZqZevgbd =eZ\eblZ G KZ^qbdh\
Bklhjby kh\_lkdhc iheblbq_kdhc p_gamju« K
EBL?J:LMJ: B BKDMKKL<H
16. >hg_k_gby khljm^gbdh\ -]h b -]h mijZ\e_gbc GD<>-GD=; KKKJ h om^h`gbd_ I > Dhjbg_
bxgy ]
Kh\_jr_ggh k_dj_lgh
Dhjbg IZ\_e >fbljb_\bq – om^h`gbd j_eb]bhaguc nZgZlbd Zglbkh \_lkdb gZkljh_g ]jmiibjm_l \hdjm] k_[y om^h`gbdh\ k ih^h[gufb \a]ey
169