Добавил:
Upload Опубликованный материал нарушает ваши авторские права? Сообщите нам.
Вуз: Предмет: Файл:
History.doc
Скачиваний:
8
Добавлен:
06.08.2019
Размер:
330.24 Кб
Скачать

82. The history and role of the parliament (Madjilis) in Kazakhstan

         Parliament is the highest representative body of the Republic of Kazakhstan performing legislative functions.

         Parliament divided into two: senate and madjilis. Term of the powers of the Senate deputies- six years, term of the powers of the Madjilis deputies- five years. Powers of Parliament of the regular convocation begin from the first session of   a new convocation.

         The Madjilis consist of seventy seven deputies. Sixty seven deputies are elected on one-mandatory territorial division of the Kazakhstan, with an approximately equal number of constituents. Ten deputies are elected on the basis of the Party lists according to the system of proportional representation and the territory of a united national constituency.

         The modern Kazakhstani Parliament replaced one-Chamber body of the representative power- the Supreme Soviet, which was first formed on the basis of the Constitution of Kazakh SSR of 1937 and then-on the basis of the Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan of 1993.

         In the Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan of 1993 as in the former one, the Supreme Soviet was vested with very broad authorities that impeded the implementation of the system of checks and balances. Further implementation of reforms revealed inefficiency of the Republican bodies of power, in the first place representative, which could not react effectively to rapidly changed events and to take adequate decisions. The results of the work of the separate convocation functioning on permanent basis, also confirmed the necessity of creating professional Parliament.

           The period between the years 1994-1995 is exceedingly important, in the history of formation of Kazakhstani parlamentarism. The Supreme Soviet of the thirteenth convocation functioning from April 1994 to March 1995 became the first

 Professional Parliament of Kazakhstan, in which deputies worked on permanent basis.

         The deputies selected on 2 persons from each district, city of the republican importance and capital of the Republic of Kazakhstan form the Senate at a joint session of deputies of all representative bodies, according to the district, city of the republican importance and capital of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Seven deputies of the Senate are appointed by the President of the Republic for the term of power of the Senate.

         Elections to the Senate and Madjilis of the Parliament of the first convocation were held in December, 1995.

         Two persons from 19 regions and a capital of the Republic of Kazakhstan as 40 deputies were elected to the Upper Chamber. The President of the Republic of Kazakhstan appointed seven deputies of the Senate.

         The majority of deputies until being elected held leading posts, they had scientific-pedagogical, scientific-research and creative activity, work experience in trade union and public organizations, entrepreneurial, industrial and social spheres.

         At 30 January 1996 first sitting of the Senate of the Republic of Kazakhstan of the first convocation, by presentation of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan BaigeldyOmirbek was elected a Chairman of the Senate.

         Elections of the Madjilis of the Republic of Kazakhstan were held on 9 December 1995. 67 deputies were elected, 58 male, 9 female. All deputies of the Chamber had higher education; 7 of them possessed Doctoral Degree and 10 of then possessed Science Candidate Degree.

         On 3 January 1996 at the first Session of the Madjilis of Parliament of the Republic of Kazakhstan of the first convocation Ospanov Marat Turdybekovich was elected a Chairman of the Madjilis.

         In accordance with the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan of the elections of September 1999 and October 2002, half of the composition of the Senate was re-elected.

         In 2003 the Senate comprised, 39 deputies Majority of the deputies of the Chamber had an experience of law-making, diplomatic activity, an experience of leading work in central and local state authorities, in scientific-research organization, industrial, socio-cultural and entrepreneurial spheres.

         Chairman of the Senate of the Republic of Kazakhstan of the second convocation were elected – AbdykarimovOralbai and AbykayevNurtai (since 10 March 2004)

         In autumn 1999, in accordance with introduced constitutional amendments the scheme afforded the possibility for political parties to be elected to the Parliament as to party lists on the basis of proportional representation.

         As result of this, in elections to the Madjilis of the Republic of Kazakhstan 67 deputies in one-mandate constituencies and 10 deputies from parties in united national constituencies were elected.

         ThyakbaiZharmakhanAitbaiuly was elected a Chairman of the Madjilis of the Parliament of the Republic of Kazakhstan at the second convocation.

         In August 2005 were held the elections of 16 senators elected for six-year term in September 1999.

         On 1 December 2005, AbykayevNurtai was re-elected a chairman of the Senate of the Parliament of the Republic of Kazakhstan of the third convocation.

            Elections to the Madjilis of the third convocation were held in September 2004. 12 political parties participated in the elections, 4 of them are in the composition of two elective blocs.

         Mukhamedzhanov Ural Baigunsovich was elected a Chairman of the Madjilis of the Parliament of the Republic of Kazakhstan at the third convocation.

          A new structure of the chambers of the Parliament of the Republic of Kazakhstan of the 4th convocation was formed in August, 2007 according to constitutional changes and amendments of May, 2007.

         The head of the state additionally appointed 8 members of the Senate of Parliament on August 28, 2007 in view of the above-stated changes and amendments that increased the number of Presidental nominees up to 15 people.

         According to the updated Constitutional Madjilis consists of 107 members. 98 of them were elected on August 18, 2007 from 7 political parties under party lists on unified national district, 9 members of Madjilis were elected on August 20, 2007 by the Assembly of People of Kazakhstan.

         AslanMussin was elected a Chairman of the Madjilis of the Parliament of the Republic of Kazakhstan at the 4thconvocation.

Соседние файлы в предмете [НЕСОРТИРОВАННОЕ]