- •Stone age on the territory of Kazakhstan. Divisions into periods, archaeological monuments. Main characteristics.
- •Bronze Age Stone age on the territory of Kazakhstan. Divisions into periods, archaeological monuments. Main characteristics.
- •Saks tribal unity (location, economy, culture, social organization).
- •Huns in the history of Central Asia (location, economy, social organization, political history).
- •Usuns in the history of Kazakhstan (location, economy, social organization, political history).
- •Turks in the history of Eurasia. Turkic and Western Turkic Khanates (politic and social history, economy).
- •Turgeshes and Kharlukhs in the history of Kazakhstan (location, economy, social organization, political history).
- •Oghuz state in the history of Kazakhstan (location, economy, social organization, political history).
- •Karakhanid state (political history, peculiarities of economics and social organization).
- •Kharakhitais state (location, economy, social organization, political history).
- •11) Qimaques in the history of Kazakhstan (location, economy, social organization, political history).
- •Kypshaks in the history of Kazakhstan (location, economy, social organization, political history).
- •Nayman and Kerey Uluses (location, economy, social organization, political history).
- •The Great Silk Way on the territory of Kazakhstan.
- •16) Aqtaban Shubirindi – the Great Retreat. The struggle of a Kazakh people with Zhonghar invasion in XVII-XVIII centuries.
- •17) The development of culture and science in VI – XII centuries (Abu Nasyr al-Farabi, Balasaguni, u. Kazhgari, m. Khodzha Akhmed Yassaui).
- •18) Mongol conquest of Central Asia and Kazakhstan: causes, chronology, stages and consequences. The heroic defense of Otrar.
- •The state of Golden Horde (political history, economy, social organization).
- •20 )The formation of the state of White Horde and Mughulistan (political history, social organization).
- •21) The Mongol conquest of the territory of Kazakhstan and the consequences of the invasion.
- •Abulkhair Khanate (1428-1468) or The State of Nomadic Uzbeks.
- •23. Ethno genesis of a Kazakh people. The origin of the ethno name ‘Kazakh’.
- •The Kazakh Zhuzes: the origin, territory, tribal structure.
- •25. The formation and demise of Kazakh khanate XV-XVI.
- •The first Kazakh Khans and Kazakh Khanate in the xy-XVI centuries.
- •AThe history of assessment of the Small, Middle and Great Hordes with Russia XVIII-XIX cc.
- •28. The history of assessment of the Small and Middle Zhuses with Russia.
- •The history of assessment of the Great Zhuz with Russia.
- •30) The main battles of the Kazakhs struggle with Zhonghar invasion in XVII-XVIII
- •31. The assessment of Kazakhstan into Russian empire: the main stages and their features.
- •The Kazakh revolt of Small Horde under the leadership of Sirim batyr (1783-1797).
- •Kazakhstan within the Russian empire (administrative reforms of 1822, 1824, 1867-68 years and their colonial character).
- •The uprising of the Kazakhs of Small Horde under the leadership of Isatai Taiman uli and Makhambet Otemys uli (1836-1838).
- •The national movement of a Kazakh people for independence under the leadership of Kenesary Khasym uli (1837-1847 years).
- •The February bourgeois-democratic revolution of 1917 in Russian and its influence on Kazakhstan.
- •Kazakhstan during the civil war in 1918-1920 years and establishment of Soviet power.
- •Islamization and the introduction of Shari’a law by the end of the seventeen century.
- •The role and place of “Alash Orda” movement in the history of Kazakhstan. A. Bokeihanov and his role in the history of Kazakhstan.
- •The role of the Great Silk Way on the territory of Kazakhstan and it’s in cultural and economic development of the region.
- •The personality of Tauke Khan and his code Jhety Jharga
- •The epoch of Enlightenment in Kazakhstan. Abai Kunanbaev (1845-1904). – the great figure of Kazakh Enlightenment
- •The impact of Russian revolution of 1905
- •The national-liberating revolt of 1916 year (the causes, peculiarities, main centers)
- •The February bourgeois-democratic revolution of 1917 in Russia and its influence on Kazakhstan
- •Alash Orda’ political party, its program aims and activity
- •The success of 1917 October revolution and the establishment of Soviet government in Kazakhstan
- •Kazakhstan during the Civil war 1918-1920
- •The history of Kazakh “Soviet nationhood” (as an autonous and Soviet Socialist republic).
- •The policy of ‘military communism’ in Kazakhstan (1918-1920).
- •The nep in Kazakhstan (1921-1925) and its nature. The results of nep policy in Kazakhstan.
- •The process of industrialization in Kazakhstan (1920-1934). The results of industrialization policy in Kazakhstan.
- •The Collectivization in Kazakhstan (1928-1940): the means of introduction and its consequences.
- •The policy of Soviet government in the field of culture in 1920-1930ss years.
- •The crimes of totalitarian regime in Kazakhstan: the mass repressions of 1920-1930ss years.
- •61) The political party “Alash”, its program aims and activity. The creation of government “Alash Orda” (1917-1918).
- •62) The participation of Kazakhstan people in the front battles of the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945).
- •63) The feats of labour of Kazakhstan people during the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945).
- •64) The cultivation of the “Virgin Lands” in Kazakhstan in 1950-1960ss years: the projects and results.
- •66) The front feats of Kazakhstan people during the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945).
- •67) The front and labour heroism of Kazakhstan people during the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945).
- •68) The epoch of Enlightenment in Kazakhstan. Ibrahim Altynsarin the great teacher of humanity.
- •69) Kazakhstan the new nation in the system of International relatins. (membership in uno)
- •70) The policy of “Reoganizatin/Perestroika” in Kazakhstan (1985-1991): the main stages and their characteristies
- •71. The disintegration of ussr: the causes and consequences. The formation of cis.
- •72. The history of the Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
- •73. The fates of the leaders of AlashOrda government.
- •74) Kazakhstan as the successful experience of multiethnic state.
- •75. The role and functions of the Assembly of Kazakhstan people.
- •76. The foreign policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan at the present time.
- •77. The history of the ussr disintegration and the Independence of Kazakhstan .
- •79. The state symbols of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
- •80. The main priorities of the entrance of the Republic of Kazakhstan in 50 most competitive countries of the world.
- •81. Kazakhstan chairmanship in osce in 2010
- •82. The history and role of the parliament (Madjilis) in Kazakhstan
- •83. The history and role of the Supreme Court in Kazakhstan
- •84. The role of president in political system of Kazakhstan
- •85. The government and prime minister in political system of Kazakhstan (the history, role and functions)
- •87. The creation of AlashOrda government. The first experience of nationhood as an autonomous republic.
- •88. The famine of 1932-1933 years in Kazakhstan.
- •90. Main priorities of current Kazakhstan foreign policy.
72. The history of the Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
The further development of society was impossible by the law of the formal union republics. It was necessary to make cardinal changes in the state fundamental legal bases. The first constitution (the main law) of the Republic of Kazakhstan was accepted on 28 January 1993. The first Constitution of Republic consist of 131 articles with 21 parts and 4 chapters. According to the Constitution, the Republic of Kazakhstan proclaimed itself as a democratic, secular, legal and unitary state whose highest value are an individual, his life, rights and freedom. The acceptance of the Constitution had a great political meaning. Kazakhstan was rebuilt as a unified, independent and democratic state. The first Constitution was examined and accepted in difficult, contradictory condition. Various political powers tried to affect on its preparing process. That document historically functioned as the main law for two years, in spite of some unrealized opportunities and adaption to concrete periods of the country’s development.
The new Constitution was accepted at the republican referendum on 30 August in 1995, which was carried out by suggestion of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Some mistakes and faults of the Constitution of 1993 were reconsidered. The structure, function and relations of the legislative, executive and judicial authorities of the republic were clearly defined in the new Constitution. Acceptance of that constitution brought to an end the process of formation of Kazakhstan as Presidential Republic.
73. The fates of the leaders of AlashOrda government.
A political persecution of the “Alash” party participants was gradually reinforced with the strengthening of the totalitarian regime. A supercharging of the situation grew as a general occurrence by the end of 20s. 44 people of so called “bourgeois nationalists” – the former figures of the “AlashOrda” were arrested on a false accusation at the end of 1928. They were figures like Baytyrsynov A., Dulatov M., Zhymabaev M., AimauytovZh., GabbasovKh, and others. The other group of national intelligentsia (about 40 people) consisting of TynyshbaevM.,Dosmykhambetov KH., AkhbaevZh. etc. was arrested in September-October in 1930. Almost all of them were subjected to repression in 1937-1938.
Goryachev, a divisional military lawyer, pronounced capital sentences every day from February 25 to March 13 in 1938. 39 people were sentenced to be shot in February 25, 37 people in February 26, 41 people in February 27; 40 people in February 28 and so the scores of Kazakh intelligentsia were annihilated (истреблять) until March 13 inclusive in that way.
74) Kazakhstan as the successful experience of multiethnic state.
Kazakhstan has good chances to build a successful multi-ethnic state in the Central Asia, OSCE High Commissioner for National Minorities Knut Vollebaek said.
"The authorities and people are very much aware of the complexity of those issues and they devote a lot of attention to minority matter unlike many other countries," Vollebaek said in his interview with Trend News.
He said Kazakhstan has tried a number of innovative approaches, like multilingualism, the Assembly of People and searching for ways in which minorities could be represented in the policy making.
Kazakhstan's Assembly of People is an institute to promote inter-ethnic and inter-faith consent. It contributes to formation of Kazakh model of poly-ethnic society.
Priority directions of the Assembly of Peoples, which marked 15th anniversary in May, is to strengthen statehood, protect human rights and freedoms of the people and the state and to shift to a qualitatively new level of development that meets the requirements of a civilized world community.
Kazakhstan has an official bilingualism: Kazak and Russian languages.
Many of those attempts have to be evaluated after some time, Vollebaek said.
"This is very important as minority issues are not static but they evolve with time," he said.
I think the country will greatly contribute to discussions in the OSCE family about issues that
concern integration and tolerance which are of utmost importance not only for Kazakhstan but for the whole world, Vollebaek said.
Kazakhstan can still improve some legislation and should reassure minorities that no changes implemented over night, he said.
Kazakhstan is home to about 120 ethnic groups and nationalities, principal among which are Uighurs, Russian, Uzbeks, Tatars, Germans, Koreans, Ukrainians, Belarusians, Jews, Azerbaijanis, Chechens and Ingush, Poles, Turks, Armenians, Greeks and Kurds.
Vollebaek debated population's concerns about change of geographic names with Kazakh authorities. He said he was assured that there was a moratorium on these changes and
that the leadership is very much aware of the sensitivity of this topic. If there should be changes in the future they will only do them in consultation with the population
He cited several examples of countries where two different place names exist
side by side depending on the two communities who live in a certain place.
This could be a creative solution and I try in my work to find a tailor made
solution to challenges that might exist in a given context, he said.
"Year 2010 will be a fascinating year and it will be very interesting to follow
the decisions and deliberations that Kazakhstan will bring to our Organization to
solidifying and fostering OSCE principles," Vollebaek said.
According to the 1999 estimate of the Agency of the Republic of Kazakhstan on Statistics, almost 15 million people representing 120 ethnic groups lived in the country. Among them were nearly 8 million Kazakhs, more than 4 million Slavic and non-Slavic Russians, 547,000 Ukrainians, 353,000 Germans, and 249,000 Tatars, and 1 million people belonging to other ethnic minorities. The population of the country has a high percentage of people with bi-ethnic and multi-ethnic backgrounds.