- •Предисловие
- •Youth Problems
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •V. Fill in the gaps.
- •VI. Translate from Russian into English.
- •VII. Retell the text. The problems of teen-agers
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •V. Fill in the gaps.
- •VI. Translate from Russian into English.
- •VII. Retell the text. Unit 2. The problem of environmental protection clean air, fresh water - only a dream?
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •VI. Answer the questions based on the text:
- •VII. Retell the text. Toxic wasteland
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •VII. Translate the following sentences into English:
- •VIII. Retell the text. Additional texts for reading, translating and rendering.
- •If You Do Not Litter, Our Town Will Glitter
- •Global Climate Change
- •A Time-bomb in the Earth's Atmosphere
- •Acid Rains
- •Unit 3. Science The concept of science
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •VIII. Retell the text. Structure of a science.
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •The basic stages of development of a science.
- •The achievement of science and technical revolution and our day-to-day life
- •Additional texts for reading, translating and rendering Science
- •Michael Lomonosov
- •Unit 4. Mass media the modern broadcasting industry
- •Exercises
- •Television
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •Newspaper
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •VII. Tell your group mates the most interesting article you’ve
- •VIII. Retell the text. Radio
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •VI. Answer the following questions:
- •VII. Imagine that you are a disc jockey in one of the most famous
- •VIII. Retell the text. Magazine
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •VII. Combine the sentences.
- •VIII. Retell the text. Additional texts for reading, translating and rendering tv in britain
- •Грамматический справочник Неличные формы глагола. The Verbals
- •§1. Инфинитив. The Infinitive
- •§2. Причастия настоящего и прошедшего времени, Participle I and Participle II.
- •Формы причастия от переходных глаголов
- •§3. Герундий (gerund)
- •§4. Наклонение (the mood)
- •§ 5. Условные предложения (Conditional Sentences)
- •§6. Страдательный залог (The passive voice)
- •§7. Предложение (The Sentence)
- •Сложное предложение
- •Придаточные предложения подлежащие (Subject Clauses)
- •Дополнительные придаточные предложения (Object Clauses)
- •Определительные придаточные предложения (Attributive Clauses)
- •Придаточные предложения цели (Adverbial Clauses of Purpose)
- •Придаточные предложения условия (Adverbial Clauses of Condition)
- •§8. Согласование времен (The Sequence of Tenses)
- •Косвенная речь (inderect speech)
- •Grammar exercises Exercises to §1
- •1. Point out what part of the sentence the infinitive is and whether it has a noun or a verb function:
- •2. Fill the gaps with the particle to wherever necessary:
- •3. Use Infinitive Constructions instead of the italicized subordinate clauses.
- •4. Use the required form of the infinitive in brackets. Insert the particle to where necessary.
- •5. Combine each of the following pairs of sentences into one, using an infinitive or an infinitive phrase in the function of an adverbial modifier of purpose instead of the second sentence.
- •Exercises to §2
- •5. Replace the attributive clauses by phrases with the participle II.
- •Exercises to §3
- •1. Use the right form of the Gerund instead of the verbs in brackets and add the preposition:
- •2. Use a Gerund instead of the subordinate clause, add the preposition if necessary:
- •3. Translate into English, using the Gerund:
- •4. Complete the sentences with the Gerund of the following verbs: eat, follow, increase, lend, meet, restrain, smoke, speak, stay, travel.
- •5. Translate into Russian:
- •Exercises to §4
- •1. Read the sentences and translate them.
- •2. Open the brackets, using the subjunctive mood and translate the sentences into Russian.
- •3. Put the verbs in brackets in the right form of the Subjunctive Mood.
- •1. Change the sentences from real condition into two forms of unreal condition.
- •2. Use the right form of the verbs in brackets.
- •3. Translate into English.
- •Exercises to §6
- •1. Change the sentences from active to passive.
- •2. Change the sentences from active to passive, paying attention on the preposition.
- •3. Use the right form of the verbs in brackets.
- •4. Translate the following sentences into Russian.
- •5. Translate the following sentences into English, using Passive Voice.
- •Exercises to §7
- •1. Analyze the following sentences.
- •2. State the type of the subordinate clause (subject, predicative and object).
- •3. State the type of the subordinate clause.
- •4. Choose the conjunction which fits the meaning of the sentence.
- •5. Translate into English.
- •Exercises to §8
- •1. Change the sentences into past, using Sequence of Tenses.
- •2. Use the right form of the verbs in brackets.
- •3. Translate from Russian into English.
- •4. Change the sentences into indirect speech:
- •5. Translate into English:
- •Формулы речевого общения, сгруппированные по коммуникативным намерениям
Vocabulary
sphere сфера
development развитие
theoretical ordering теоретическое обоснование
validity действительность, законность
consciousness сознание
productive force производительная сила
concept термин
to include включать
reception получение
a sum сумма, количество
the scientific knowledge научные знания
to form in aggregate picture of the world формировать общую
научную картину мира
designation конструирование, формирование
separate branches отдельные отрасли (науки)
purpose цель
description описание
explanation объяснение
prediction предсказание
in a broad sense в широком смысле
reflection отражение
Exercises
I. Read and translate the text.
II. Look through the vocabulary. Make up a situation or
sentences using the words.
III. Learn the words and be ready to write a dictation.
IV. Translate from English into Russian.
Sphere of human activity, theoretical ordering of objective knowledge, form of public consciousness, the major social institute, the result of the activity, the given moment, scientific knowledge, the direct purposes, the basis of laws, the validity.
V. Translate from Russian into English.
Функция, на протяжении исторического развития, главный социальный институт, деятельность, закон, феномен,, картина мира, новые знания, использовать, также, научное знание, предмет, изучение, открытые наукой, теоретический.
VI. Answer the following questions.
1. What is science?
2. Can you tell the function of science?
3. What does concept “science” include?
4. For what purpose is the term “science” used?
5. Enumerate the direct purposes of the science.
VII. Combine the following sentences.
1. the, to, force, of, and, social, science, the, of, historical, turns, productive, society, major, institute, during, development, a.
2. is, of, scientific, the, “science”, also, for, of, branches, knowledge, a, designation, term, used, separate.
3. purposes, the, an, direct, the, and, explanation, the, a, description, of, science, prediction, the, of, phenomena, the, of, validity, and, processes.
VIII. Retell the text. Structure of a science.
The scientific disciplines forming in the set system of a science as a whole, rather conditionally it is possible to subdivide into 3 big groups -natural, public and the engineering science differing in the subjects and methods. The sharp side between these subsystems is not present - a number of scientific disciplines borrow intermediate position. So, for example, on a joint technical and social studies there is an industrial art, between natural and engineering science - bionics, between natural and social studies - economic geography. Each of the specified subsystems, in turn, forms system in the various ways the coordinated, subject and methodical communications of separate sciences that does a problem of their detailed classification of the extremely complex and completely not decided about one today.
Alongside with the traditional researches spent within the framework of any one branch of a science, problem character of orientation of a modern science has caused wide expansion of the interdisciplinary and complex researches spent by means of several various scientific disciplines which concrete combination is defined by character of a corresponding problem by a life. An example of it is research of problems of the wildlife management, taking place on a crossroads of engineering science, biology, sciences about the Earth, medicine, economy, mathematics, etc. Such problems arising in connection with the decision of large-scale enterprises, and social problems, are typical for a modern science.