- •Предисловие
- •Youth Problems
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •V. Fill in the gaps.
- •VI. Translate from Russian into English.
- •VII. Retell the text. The problems of teen-agers
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •V. Fill in the gaps.
- •VI. Translate from Russian into English.
- •VII. Retell the text. Unit 2. The problem of environmental protection clean air, fresh water - only a dream?
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •VI. Answer the questions based on the text:
- •VII. Retell the text. Toxic wasteland
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •VII. Translate the following sentences into English:
- •VIII. Retell the text. Additional texts for reading, translating and rendering.
- •If You Do Not Litter, Our Town Will Glitter
- •Global Climate Change
- •A Time-bomb in the Earth's Atmosphere
- •Acid Rains
- •Unit 3. Science The concept of science
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •VIII. Retell the text. Structure of a science.
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •The basic stages of development of a science.
- •The achievement of science and technical revolution and our day-to-day life
- •Additional texts for reading, translating and rendering Science
- •Michael Lomonosov
- •Unit 4. Mass media the modern broadcasting industry
- •Exercises
- •Television
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •Newspaper
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •VII. Tell your group mates the most interesting article you’ve
- •VIII. Retell the text. Radio
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •VI. Answer the following questions:
- •VII. Imagine that you are a disc jockey in one of the most famous
- •VIII. Retell the text. Magazine
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •VII. Combine the sentences.
- •VIII. Retell the text. Additional texts for reading, translating and rendering tv in britain
- •Грамматический справочник Неличные формы глагола. The Verbals
- •§1. Инфинитив. The Infinitive
- •§2. Причастия настоящего и прошедшего времени, Participle I and Participle II.
- •Формы причастия от переходных глаголов
- •§3. Герундий (gerund)
- •§4. Наклонение (the mood)
- •§ 5. Условные предложения (Conditional Sentences)
- •§6. Страдательный залог (The passive voice)
- •§7. Предложение (The Sentence)
- •Сложное предложение
- •Придаточные предложения подлежащие (Subject Clauses)
- •Дополнительные придаточные предложения (Object Clauses)
- •Определительные придаточные предложения (Attributive Clauses)
- •Придаточные предложения цели (Adverbial Clauses of Purpose)
- •Придаточные предложения условия (Adverbial Clauses of Condition)
- •§8. Согласование времен (The Sequence of Tenses)
- •Косвенная речь (inderect speech)
- •Grammar exercises Exercises to §1
- •1. Point out what part of the sentence the infinitive is and whether it has a noun or a verb function:
- •2. Fill the gaps with the particle to wherever necessary:
- •3. Use Infinitive Constructions instead of the italicized subordinate clauses.
- •4. Use the required form of the infinitive in brackets. Insert the particle to where necessary.
- •5. Combine each of the following pairs of sentences into one, using an infinitive or an infinitive phrase in the function of an adverbial modifier of purpose instead of the second sentence.
- •Exercises to §2
- •5. Replace the attributive clauses by phrases with the participle II.
- •Exercises to §3
- •1. Use the right form of the Gerund instead of the verbs in brackets and add the preposition:
- •2. Use a Gerund instead of the subordinate clause, add the preposition if necessary:
- •3. Translate into English, using the Gerund:
- •4. Complete the sentences with the Gerund of the following verbs: eat, follow, increase, lend, meet, restrain, smoke, speak, stay, travel.
- •5. Translate into Russian:
- •Exercises to §4
- •1. Read the sentences and translate them.
- •2. Open the brackets, using the subjunctive mood and translate the sentences into Russian.
- •3. Put the verbs in brackets in the right form of the Subjunctive Mood.
- •1. Change the sentences from real condition into two forms of unreal condition.
- •2. Use the right form of the verbs in brackets.
- •3. Translate into English.
- •Exercises to §6
- •1. Change the sentences from active to passive.
- •2. Change the sentences from active to passive, paying attention on the preposition.
- •3. Use the right form of the verbs in brackets.
- •4. Translate the following sentences into Russian.
- •5. Translate the following sentences into English, using Passive Voice.
- •Exercises to §7
- •1. Analyze the following sentences.
- •2. State the type of the subordinate clause (subject, predicative and object).
- •3. State the type of the subordinate clause.
- •4. Choose the conjunction which fits the meaning of the sentence.
- •5. Translate into English.
- •Exercises to §8
- •1. Change the sentences into past, using Sequence of Tenses.
- •2. Use the right form of the verbs in brackets.
- •3. Translate from Russian into English.
- •4. Change the sentences into indirect speech:
- •5. Translate into English:
- •Формулы речевого общения, сгруппированные по коммуникативным намерениям
Vocabulary
disease болезнь
cancer рак
effort усилие
to improve улучшать
public health здоровье людей
nuclear ядерный
investigation достижение
pressure давление
barrels of oil баррель нефти
destruction вырубка
local authorities местные власти
environmental degradation ухудшение окружающей среды
resource ресурс
to consider предполагать
Exercises
I. Read and translate the text.
II. Look through the vocabulary and be ready to write the word-dictation.
III. Make up a situation or sentences, using the topical vocabulary.
IV. Translate from English into Russian:
ecologically damaged area, soil erosion, salinizalion, chemical degradation, ecology related deseases, infant mortality, an average life span, geophysical, pressure, indiscriminate, deformity.
V. Translate from English into russian:
неблагополучная в экологическом отношении зона; подвергнуться загрязнению; наносить вред окружающей среде; загрязнение окружающей среды; проблема охраны окружающей среды; эрозия почвы; химическое загрязнение почвы; избыточная концентрация соли в почве; болезни, вызванные загрязнением окружающей среды; детская смертность; средняя продолжительность жизни; экологический кризис.
VI. Answer the following questions:
1. What facts and figures prove that the damage to environment in Russia is a serious problem?
2. Why has the incidence of ecology-related deseases been growing?
3.What adds to the radio-active contamination in Russia?
4. What can be said about the state of forests?
5. What aggravates the impact of the greenhouse effect?
6. Lives of Russians are endangered by the impermissible condition of the environment, aren't they? Prove this by quotations.
VII. Translate the following sentences into English:
1. Загрязнение атмосферы продолжает расти повсеместно, сокращаются источники пресной питьевой воды.
2. Никакая другая развитая промышленная держава не отравляла воздух, землю, воду и население так систематически.
3. Примерно 920.000 баррелей нефти, примерно один из каждых десяти, разливается ежедневно.
VIII. Retell the text. Additional texts for reading, translating and rendering.
If You Do Not Litter, Our Town Will Glitter
We produce more and more waste. And the problem of pollution is aggravated by our "throw-away" technology. Bach year only Americans dispose of about 10 million autos, 20 million tons of waste paper, 50 million cans.
We are turning the world into a gigantic dump. Instead of repairing a radio set, for example, it is easier and cheaper to buy a new one and discard the old. It is no longer fashionable to re-use anything. Cities are surrounded by junkyards full of rusting automobiles. Cans and bottles have piled up.
Is there any hope that we can solve the pollution problem? Fortunately, solutions are in sight. Cars are flattened in a giant compressor that reduces a car to the size of a television set in a matter of minutes. Any left-over scrap metal is mixed with concrete and made into exceptionally strong bricks that are used in buildings and bridges.
To eliminate the problem of man-made pollution, to make our earth beautiful again, each of us must take some steps to clean up the environment. The latest idea is an "ecology drive". Students in New York, New Jersey and Connecticut, for instance, collected tons of discarded bottles and cans and transported the junk to collection centres.
Everything can be recycled. The salvaged aluminium is used to make new cans, and the glass is melted down to make new bottles.
Answer the following questions:
1. Why do they call our society "consumer-oriented"?
2. What is meant by "throw-away" technology?
3. What attracts people to this kind of technology?
4. What are the dangers of the situation in which the world is turning into a dump?
5. Are there any measures that could stop the pollution?
6. What is "an ecology drive"?
7. What can each of us do to control pollution?