- •Предисловие
- •Youth Problems
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •V. Fill in the gaps.
- •VI. Translate from Russian into English.
- •VII. Retell the text. The problems of teen-agers
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •V. Fill in the gaps.
- •VI. Translate from Russian into English.
- •VII. Retell the text. Unit 2. The problem of environmental protection clean air, fresh water - only a dream?
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •VI. Answer the questions based on the text:
- •VII. Retell the text. Toxic wasteland
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •VII. Translate the following sentences into English:
- •VIII. Retell the text. Additional texts for reading, translating and rendering.
- •If You Do Not Litter, Our Town Will Glitter
- •Global Climate Change
- •A Time-bomb in the Earth's Atmosphere
- •Acid Rains
- •Unit 3. Science The concept of science
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •VIII. Retell the text. Structure of a science.
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •The basic stages of development of a science.
- •The achievement of science and technical revolution and our day-to-day life
- •Additional texts for reading, translating and rendering Science
- •Michael Lomonosov
- •Unit 4. Mass media the modern broadcasting industry
- •Exercises
- •Television
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •Newspaper
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •VII. Tell your group mates the most interesting article you’ve
- •VIII. Retell the text. Radio
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •VI. Answer the following questions:
- •VII. Imagine that you are a disc jockey in one of the most famous
- •VIII. Retell the text. Magazine
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •VII. Combine the sentences.
- •VIII. Retell the text. Additional texts for reading, translating and rendering tv in britain
- •Грамматический справочник Неличные формы глагола. The Verbals
- •§1. Инфинитив. The Infinitive
- •§2. Причастия настоящего и прошедшего времени, Participle I and Participle II.
- •Формы причастия от переходных глаголов
- •§3. Герундий (gerund)
- •§4. Наклонение (the mood)
- •§ 5. Условные предложения (Conditional Sentences)
- •§6. Страдательный залог (The passive voice)
- •§7. Предложение (The Sentence)
- •Сложное предложение
- •Придаточные предложения подлежащие (Subject Clauses)
- •Дополнительные придаточные предложения (Object Clauses)
- •Определительные придаточные предложения (Attributive Clauses)
- •Придаточные предложения цели (Adverbial Clauses of Purpose)
- •Придаточные предложения условия (Adverbial Clauses of Condition)
- •§8. Согласование времен (The Sequence of Tenses)
- •Косвенная речь (inderect speech)
- •Grammar exercises Exercises to §1
- •1. Point out what part of the sentence the infinitive is and whether it has a noun or a verb function:
- •2. Fill the gaps with the particle to wherever necessary:
- •3. Use Infinitive Constructions instead of the italicized subordinate clauses.
- •4. Use the required form of the infinitive in brackets. Insert the particle to where necessary.
- •5. Combine each of the following pairs of sentences into one, using an infinitive or an infinitive phrase in the function of an adverbial modifier of purpose instead of the second sentence.
- •Exercises to §2
- •5. Replace the attributive clauses by phrases with the participle II.
- •Exercises to §3
- •1. Use the right form of the Gerund instead of the verbs in brackets and add the preposition:
- •2. Use a Gerund instead of the subordinate clause, add the preposition if necessary:
- •3. Translate into English, using the Gerund:
- •4. Complete the sentences with the Gerund of the following verbs: eat, follow, increase, lend, meet, restrain, smoke, speak, stay, travel.
- •5. Translate into Russian:
- •Exercises to §4
- •1. Read the sentences and translate them.
- •2. Open the brackets, using the subjunctive mood and translate the sentences into Russian.
- •3. Put the verbs in brackets in the right form of the Subjunctive Mood.
- •1. Change the sentences from real condition into two forms of unreal condition.
- •2. Use the right form of the verbs in brackets.
- •3. Translate into English.
- •Exercises to §6
- •1. Change the sentences from active to passive.
- •2. Change the sentences from active to passive, paying attention on the preposition.
- •3. Use the right form of the verbs in brackets.
- •4. Translate the following sentences into Russian.
- •5. Translate the following sentences into English, using Passive Voice.
- •Exercises to §7
- •1. Analyze the following sentences.
- •2. State the type of the subordinate clause (subject, predicative and object).
- •3. State the type of the subordinate clause.
- •4. Choose the conjunction which fits the meaning of the sentence.
- •5. Translate into English.
- •Exercises to §8
- •1. Change the sentences into past, using Sequence of Tenses.
- •2. Use the right form of the verbs in brackets.
- •3. Translate from Russian into English.
- •4. Change the sentences into indirect speech:
- •5. Translate into English:
- •Формулы речевого общения, сгруппированные по коммуникативным намерениям
Vocabulary
Discipline дисциплина
as a whole в целом
to subdivide подразделять
to differ различать
sharp точный
to borrow занимать
specified специальный
in turn в свою очередь
detailed подробный
alongside совместно
research исследование
enterprise предприятие
Exercises
I. Read and translate the text.
II. Look through the vocabulary. Make up a situation or
sentences using the words.
III. Learn the words and be ready to write a dictation.
IV. Translate from English into Russian:
the set system, conditionally, the engineering science, subject, method, subsystem, intermediate position, technical and social studies, bionics, the various way, classification, the complex, traditional, within, framework, orientation, to cause, discipline, concrete combination, to be defined, corresponding problem, wildlife management, crossroad, large scale enterprise, to be typical.
V. Transcribe the following words:
Natural, public, sharp, intermediate, bionics, methodical, extremely, orientation.
VI. Answer the following questions:
1. How can we subdivide the scientific disciplines?
2. What is the difference between these three groups?
3. What position does a number of scientific disciplines borrow? Give the examples.
4. Why can’t we give the detailed classification of the specified subsystems.
5. For what purpose did scientists spend the scientific researches?
VII. Translate from Russian into English.
Формировать, дисциплина, делить, подсистема, метод, количество, естественные (природные) науки, между, по разному, предмет, классификация, решать, традиционные исследования, широкий, современный, ориентация, биология, науки о земле, в связи с, поднимать, решение, социальные проблемы, типичный.
VIII. Retell the text.
The basic stages of development of a science.
Sources of a science leave the roots in practice of early human societies in which the cognitive and industrial moments have been inseparably alloyed. Manufacture of ideas, representations, and consciousnesses is originally directly twisted in material activity and in material dialogue of people, in language of a real life. Initial knowledge had practical character, carrying out a role of methodical managements of concrete kinds of human activity. In the countries of the Ancient East (Babylonia, Egypt, India, China) such quantity of knowledge which have made the important precondition of the future science has been saved up significant. It is possible to count the remote precondition of a science and mythology in which attempt to construct complete, universal system of representations about the validity surrounding the person for the first time has been realized. By virtue of the religious character these representations, however, have very far defended from a science and, moreover, formation of a science demanded as a preliminary condition of criticism and destruction of mythological systems. The certain social conditions were necessary for occurrence of a science also: high enough level of development of manufacture and public attitudes, and also presence of the rich and wide cultural tradition admitting free perception of achievements of different cultures and peoples.
Especially high rates of development are characteristic for those directions of a science which, integrating achievements of its various branches, open essentially new prospects of the decision of large complex problems of the modernity (creation of new energy sources and materials, optimization of attitudes of the person with the nature, management of the big systems, space researches, etc.).