- •Предисловие
- •Youth Problems
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •V. Fill in the gaps.
- •VI. Translate from Russian into English.
- •VII. Retell the text. The problems of teen-agers
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •V. Fill in the gaps.
- •VI. Translate from Russian into English.
- •VII. Retell the text. Unit 2. The problem of environmental protection clean air, fresh water - only a dream?
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •VI. Answer the questions based on the text:
- •VII. Retell the text. Toxic wasteland
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •VII. Translate the following sentences into English:
- •VIII. Retell the text. Additional texts for reading, translating and rendering.
- •If You Do Not Litter, Our Town Will Glitter
- •Global Climate Change
- •A Time-bomb in the Earth's Atmosphere
- •Acid Rains
- •Unit 3. Science The concept of science
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •VIII. Retell the text. Structure of a science.
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •The basic stages of development of a science.
- •The achievement of science and technical revolution and our day-to-day life
- •Additional texts for reading, translating and rendering Science
- •Michael Lomonosov
- •Unit 4. Mass media the modern broadcasting industry
- •Exercises
- •Television
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •Newspaper
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •VII. Tell your group mates the most interesting article you’ve
- •VIII. Retell the text. Radio
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •VI. Answer the following questions:
- •VII. Imagine that you are a disc jockey in one of the most famous
- •VIII. Retell the text. Magazine
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •VII. Combine the sentences.
- •VIII. Retell the text. Additional texts for reading, translating and rendering tv in britain
- •Грамматический справочник Неличные формы глагола. The Verbals
- •§1. Инфинитив. The Infinitive
- •§2. Причастия настоящего и прошедшего времени, Participle I and Participle II.
- •Формы причастия от переходных глаголов
- •§3. Герундий (gerund)
- •§4. Наклонение (the mood)
- •§ 5. Условные предложения (Conditional Sentences)
- •§6. Страдательный залог (The passive voice)
- •§7. Предложение (The Sentence)
- •Сложное предложение
- •Придаточные предложения подлежащие (Subject Clauses)
- •Дополнительные придаточные предложения (Object Clauses)
- •Определительные придаточные предложения (Attributive Clauses)
- •Придаточные предложения цели (Adverbial Clauses of Purpose)
- •Придаточные предложения условия (Adverbial Clauses of Condition)
- •§8. Согласование времен (The Sequence of Tenses)
- •Косвенная речь (inderect speech)
- •Grammar exercises Exercises to §1
- •1. Point out what part of the sentence the infinitive is and whether it has a noun or a verb function:
- •2. Fill the gaps with the particle to wherever necessary:
- •3. Use Infinitive Constructions instead of the italicized subordinate clauses.
- •4. Use the required form of the infinitive in brackets. Insert the particle to where necessary.
- •5. Combine each of the following pairs of sentences into one, using an infinitive or an infinitive phrase in the function of an adverbial modifier of purpose instead of the second sentence.
- •Exercises to §2
- •5. Replace the attributive clauses by phrases with the participle II.
- •Exercises to §3
- •1. Use the right form of the Gerund instead of the verbs in brackets and add the preposition:
- •2. Use a Gerund instead of the subordinate clause, add the preposition if necessary:
- •3. Translate into English, using the Gerund:
- •4. Complete the sentences with the Gerund of the following verbs: eat, follow, increase, lend, meet, restrain, smoke, speak, stay, travel.
- •5. Translate into Russian:
- •Exercises to §4
- •1. Read the sentences and translate them.
- •2. Open the brackets, using the subjunctive mood and translate the sentences into Russian.
- •3. Put the verbs in brackets in the right form of the Subjunctive Mood.
- •1. Change the sentences from real condition into two forms of unreal condition.
- •2. Use the right form of the verbs in brackets.
- •3. Translate into English.
- •Exercises to §6
- •1. Change the sentences from active to passive.
- •2. Change the sentences from active to passive, paying attention on the preposition.
- •3. Use the right form of the verbs in brackets.
- •4. Translate the following sentences into Russian.
- •5. Translate the following sentences into English, using Passive Voice.
- •Exercises to §7
- •1. Analyze the following sentences.
- •2. State the type of the subordinate clause (subject, predicative and object).
- •3. State the type of the subordinate clause.
- •4. Choose the conjunction which fits the meaning of the sentence.
- •5. Translate into English.
- •Exercises to §8
- •1. Change the sentences into past, using Sequence of Tenses.
- •2. Use the right form of the verbs in brackets.
- •3. Translate from Russian into English.
- •4. Change the sentences into indirect speech:
- •5. Translate into English:
- •Формулы речевого общения, сгруппированные по коммуникативным намерениям
Vocabulary
to interfere вмешиваться
to neglect пренебрегать
common language общий язык
to hush up скрывать, замалчивать
to solve решать
quarrel ссора
assert pressure оказывать давление
to dive up отказаться
to be confident быть уверенным
Exercises
I. Read and translate the text.
II. Look through the vocabulary and be ready to write the word-dictation.
III. Make up a situation or sentences, using the topical vocabulary.
IV. Answer the questions.
1. What time of life people like most of all?
2. What do you know about the problems, facing young people all over the world?
3. What problems are acute for British and American teenagers?
4. Is there any difference between the problems of Russian and foreign young men?
5. Do you know the reasons, breeding the conflict between generations?
6. Have you any problems with your parents? What kinds of problems have you?
7. Young men from your native place, do they have any problems in their social life?
8. What do you think about the problem of getting the higher education?
9. Such problems as alcoholism and drug-taking, do they have a decision or no?
10. What can we do to prevent the wide spreading of such important problems?
V. Fill in the gaps.
1 … complain that the young people do not blindly accept the ideals of their parents.
2 One of the informal organizations of the 1970s were the… .
3 Some of … spend their free time in different night clubs.
4 Every year three millions of people die of … .
5 In our country most of the girls, dreaming about the career of top models become … .
6 … can be part- time workers, seasonal workers and so on.
7 The violence and the lack of money breed … .
8 … is the great problem of Russian people, drinking more and more every year.
9 Every … is unique in its experience.
VI. Translate from Russian into English.
Проблемы молодежи
Занятость
Жилищный вопрос
Делить с кем – либо квартиру
Наркомания
Отрицать все
Проституция
Убийства
Взрослые
Программы социальной занятости
VII. Retell the text. Unit 2. The problem of environmental protection clean air, fresh water - only a dream?
Environmental protection is one of the global problems facing the planet's civilization today. Our environment is deteriorating at a surprisingly fast tempo.
Air pollution has increased most dangerously in many countries and recently has exceeded the critical point. The use of fossil fuels is the most important cause of air pollution. High levels of impurity have been measured in the largest cities and highly industrialized areas of the world. About 50% of emissions come from energy production and the burning of fuel in stationary plants. The remaining 50% are caused by industrial processes. Pollution by traffic as well as fuel and industry, contribute to air spoilage. This pollution affects many people due to emissions of carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide, lead and dust.
Industrial waste is the most serious source of water pollution in terms of toxicity, destruction and scale. The handling of poisonous waste waters has proven most problematic that is why the chemical, metal and textile industries provide a major source of water pollution. Considerable pollution of water is caused by agriculture and animal husbandry.
Water protection has to be increased principally through restricting the causes of pollution and also through planning and research. The connections of water protection and other areas of environmental protection - especially air protection and waste management have to be taken into consideration.
Soil pollution is a consequence of intensive agricultural development. Soil erosion has been the most widespread negative effect of human activity. Over 25% of agricultural land suffers from increased acidity and salinization all over the world. The intensification of farming methods with the greater use of fertilizers, innovations in technology and the growing strain on water resources make the problem more acute.
Some causes of pollution may come from the neighbouring countries and account for a considerable damage done to the natural assets. They are generally referred to as «imported pollution» and comprise such facts as acid rain and transportation of nitrogen oxide, toxic substances, radioactive wastes, poisons and materials which affect the ozone layer of the earth.
Environmental problems should be solved by means of co-operation between independent scientists, politicians, project planners and citizens of every country involved and certainly by broad international co-operation of environment loving individuals.