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Unit 1 Topic: Job opportunities

I Reading skills

1. Read and remember the following words and word combinations used in their specialized meanings.

implementation

- здійснення, виконання

to support

- підтримувати; сприяти

to deal with

- вести справу; розглядати питання

to encompass

- охоплювати

to disseminate information

- розповсюджувати інформацію

foundations of information and computation

- основи інформатики та обчислення

artificial language

- штучна мова, прикладна мова

to invoke

- сприяти

to generate proof of concept

- спричиняти випробування ідеї

source code

- первісна (початкова) програма

to retrieve information

- вишукувати інформацію

2. Read and translate the following text into Ukrainian

Information technology

Information technology (IT), as defined by the Information Technology Association, is "the study, design, development, implementation, support or management of computer-based, information systems particularly software applications and computer hardware." IT deals with the use of electronic computers and computer software to convert, store, protect, process, transmit, and securely retrieve information.

Today, the term information technology has ballooned to encompass many aspects of computing and technology, and the term has become very recognizable. IT professionals perform a variety of duties that range from installing applications to designing complex computer networks and information data bases. A few of the duties that IT professionals perform may be included: data management, networking, engineering, computer hardware, database and software design, as well as the management and administration of entire systems.

When computer and communications technologies are combined, the result is information technology, or "infotech". Information technology is a general term that describes any technology that helps to produce, manipulate, store, communicate, and/or disseminate information. Presumably, when speaking of Information Technology (IT) as a whole, it is noted that the use of computers and information are associated.

Computing is usually defined as the activity of using and developing computer technology, computer hardware and software. It is the computer-specific part of information technology. Computer science (or computing science) is the study and the science of the theoretical foundations of information and computation and their implementation and application in computer systems. Computer programming in general is the process of writing, testing, debugging, and maintaining the source code and documentation of computer programs. This source code is written in a programming language, which is an artificial language, restrictive, demanding, and unforgiving to humans but easily translated by the computer. The purpose of programming is to invoke the desired behavior (customization) from the machine. The process of writing high quality source code requires knowledge of both the application's domain and the computer science domain. The highest quality software is thus developed by a team of various domain experts, each person a specialist in some area of development. But the term programmer may apply to a range of program quality, from hacker to open source contributor to professional. And a single programmer could do most or all of the computer programming needed to generate the proof of concept to launch a new “killer” application.