Добавил:
ivanov666
Опубликованный материал нарушает ваши авторские права? Сообщите нам.
Вуз:
Предмет:
Файл:Развитие навыков устной и письменной речи на английском языке. Практикум
.pdf
20. to be played by amateurs
20. проводить турнир
21. to draw up the rules
21. происходить из (какой-либо страны)
22. to end in a draw
22. профессионал
23. to handle the ball
23. разработать правила
24. to hold a tournament
24. регби
25. to lay down the rules
25. скачки
26. to originate from
26. сквош
27. to take part in smth.
27. соревнование между
28. to win the World Cup
28. сформулировать правила
29. yachting
29. футбол
1. 7. 13. 19. 25. 2. 8. 14. 20. 25. 3. 9. 15. 21. 27. 4. 10. 16. 22. 28. 5. 11. 17. 23. 29. 6. 12. 18. 24.
Table for Ex. 10.
Ex. 11. Read and translate Text 2.
Text 2. Sport in Britain
The British are a sports-loving nation. Cricket, soccer, rugby, tennis, squash,
table tennis, badminton, canoeing and snooker were all invented in Britain. The first
rules for such sports as boxing, golf, hockey, yachting and horse -racing also
originated from Britain. The most popular sports that people take part in, rather than
watching, are angling, snooker and darts.
Cricket is very much the English game. A match can take five days and still
end in a draw. A form of cricket was being played 250 years ago.
Football began as a contest between neighbouring villages – with no limit
to the number on each side, no fixed pitch and almost no rules. The Football
Association drew up the rules of the modern game in 1863 and in 1888 12 clubs
81
joined together to form the first Football League. England won the World Cup in
1966. Rugby and Football became two separate sports.
Two kinds of rugby are played in Britain. Rugby Union is played by amateurs
in teams of 15 in the south of England and in Wales (where it is the national sport).
Rugby League is played by professionals in teams of 13 in the north of England.
Golf was probably invented in Holland, but has been played in Scotland for
at least 400 years. At first, it was played with balls made of wood, then of leather
stuffed with feathers.
The first rules for tennis were drawn up by the All-England Lawn Tennis and
Croquet Club when it held its first tournament in the London suburb of Wimbledon
in 1877. Wimbledon is still the world’s most famous tennis event.
Water sports – swimming, diving, underwater – swimming, sailing, yachting,
rowing, canoeing, water-polo are very popular in G.B.
Ex. 12. Answer the questions:
1. How can you prove that sports play an important part in Britain?
2. What is the history of football?
3. Is cricket popular in Britain?
4. What two kinds of rugby are played in Britain?
5. Where was golf invented?
6. What were the first rules of tennis drawn by?
Ex. 13. Translate into English. Write down the translation.
1. Многие виды спорта были изобретены в Великобритании.
__________________________________________________________________
2. Футбольные правила были созданы Ассоциацией футбола.
__________________________________________________________________
3. Матч крокета, чисто английской игры, может продолжаться несколько дней.
__________________________________________________________________
4. Регби и футбол – две различные игры.
__________________________________________________________________
5. В регби играют любители и профессионалы.
__________________________________________________________________
82
6. Гольф был изобретен в Голландии. Первые правила были созданы в 18
веке.
__________________________________________________________________
7. Всеанглийский клуб тенниса и крокета провел первый чемпионат мира по
теннису в 1877 году.
__________________________________________________________________
Ex. 14. Read the dialogue and read the part of the text about sport in Britain
once again. Make up your own dialogue on the following situation: two
journalists (one of them is from Britain, another one is from Russia) discuss and
compare sport in Russia and in Britain. Use the information and the phrases (mind
the phrases in bold) from the text and the dialogue given below.
Dialogue. Sport in Britain and Russia.
Mike: I consider, that people in Britain are great sport-lovers, aren`t they?
Ben: Yes, they are, I agree with you. Many sports are popular in Britain, such as
hockey, soccer, track-and-field, weightlifting, tennis, basketball, volleyball, figureskating, cross-country skiing, swimming, shooting and many others.
M: Yes, sporting activities are a part of daily life in Britain.
B: What about Russians?
M: Most Russians growing up in the North, grow with outdoor winter sports and
activities, such as skiing and skating. In all parts of Russia fishing is extremely
popular.
B: Yes, it is true and it is also worth mentioning, that there are all necessary
facilities for those, who wish to go in for sport. In all schools there is a gym and a
sports ground. There are a lot of indoor and outdoor stadiums. Above all, much
attention is paid to organized sports: there are different sporting societies and clubs.
Many of them take part in different international tournaments and are known all over
the world.
M: Yes, and I want to add, that a great number of our sportsmen participate in the
Olympic Games.
B: Yes, certainly, we were always proud and will be proud of them. Yes, and what
about National and International matches?
M: Sure, they are regularly held in Russia and in Britain and always attract large
number of fans.
83
B: Besides, there is a lot of live broadcasting of matches and championships, many
of them are televised live.
Ex. 15. Write an essay on the topic «Great Britain». Be ready to speak on the
topics «Great Britain», «Sport in Great Britain».
84
Module 5. Healthy Way of Life
1. society
1. объединять
2. humanity (mankind)
2. развивать
3. to develop
3. отдых
4. development
4. развлекаться
5. growth
5. слава
6. to derive
6. развитие
7. to disport
7. общество
8. to appear
8. улучшить выступление
9. to mean
9. человечество
10. pastime
10. подстрекать, потворствовать
11. recreation
11. спортивное мастерство
12. pleasure
12. высокие награды
13. to be fond of
13. рост
14. to unite
14. значить, означать
15. to keep fit
15. бегать трусцой
16. daily activity
16. принимать запрещенные препараты
17. to suffer from tiredness
17. роднить всех людей
18. to do jogging
18. обязательный предмет
19. to make all people kin
19. увлекаться
20. facilities
20. удовольствие
21. to pay much attention to
21. развлечение
22. educational establishments
22. оснащение
23. a compulsory subject
23. появляться
24. high rewards
24. времяпрепровождение
25. to encourage
25. страдать от усталости
Ex. 1. Match English and Russian words and word combinations from the
Vocabulary Notes. Learn the Vocabulary Notes by heart.
Vocabulary Notes
85
26. to take drugs
26. показать истинную ценность спорта
27. to improve performance
27. уделять большое внимание
28. violence
28. заниматься чем-либо по разным
причинам
29. to demonstrate true value
of sport
29. образовательные учреждения
30. to include
30. насилие
31. fair play
31. быть в хорошей форме
32. sportsmanship
32. происходить от
33. respect
33. повседневная деятельность
34. to be practiced for various
reasons
34. включать
35. amusement
35. честная игра
36. social relationships
36. уважение
37. fame
37. общественные связи
1.
11. 21. 31. 2.
12. 22. 32. 3.
13. 23. 33. 4.
14. 24. 34. 5.
15. 25. 35. 6.
16. 26. 36.
7.
17. 27. 37.
8.
18. 28.
9.
19. 29. 10.
20. 30.
1) daily activities
10) respect
15) recreation
23) amusement
2) pleasure
11) violence
16) growth
24) disport
3) humanity
12) compulsory subject
17) pastime
25) fame
Table for Ex. 1.
Ex. 2. Fill in the gaps:
86
4) development
13) sportsmanship
18) unites
26) recreation
5) to keep fit
14) fair play
19) facilities
27) to take drugs
7) demonstrate the true value of sport
20) suffer from tiredness
8) educational establishments
21) social relationships
9) to improve their performance
22) makes all people kin
1. спорт вероятно существует столько
же сколько и человечество
a) sport unites people of different
classes and nationalities
2. спорт обычно ассоциируется с иг-
b) sport is practiced for various
1) Sport is probably as old as the _______________ itself.
2) It has been developing with the_______________ and_______________of the
mankind.
3) The word sport was derived from the word «_______________» and first appeared in the literature in 1303 and meant sport, _______________,
_______________ and _______________ .
4) Sport _______________ people of different classes and nationalities.
5) It helps people to become strong, _______________ and to develop physically,
makes them more organized and better disciplined in their _______________.
6) Regular exercises give you energy. That is why people who _______________
should do more exercises.
7) All necessary _______________ are provided for people: stadiums, sports
grounds, swimming pools, skating rinks, skiing stations, football fields.
8) Sport is paid much attention to in our _______________.
9) Physical culture is _______________ at schools, colleges and universities.
10) The high rewards encourage sportsmen _______________.
11) Another problem is aggression and _______________ within the sport area.
12) Athletes and coaches must _______________, which includes
_______________, _______________, _______________ for others.
13) Despite these problems, people like sport and go in for sport, sport is practiced
for various reasons: _______________, education, _______________, health,
_______________, physical development, _______________ .
14) Sport is a very important part of our daily life and a thing that ______________.
Ex. 3. Match Russian and English phrases.
87
рой, физическим упражнением и соревнованием
reasons: amusement, education,
recreation, health, social relationships,
physical development, fame
3. спорт объединяет людей различ-
ных классов и национальностей
c) sport is usually associated with
play, physical exercise and competition
4. спорт помогает людям становиться
сильными, быть в хорошей форме,
развиваться физически, делает их
более организованными и дисциплинированными в их повседневной деятельности
d) sport is probably as old as the
humanity itself
5. спортом занимаются по разным
причинам: развлечение, образование,
отдых, здоровье, общественные связи, физическое развитие, слава
e) sport is a very important part of our
daily life and a thing that makes all
people kin
6. спорт очень важная часть нашей
повседневной жизни, вещь, которая
роднит всех людей.
f) sport helps people to become
strong, to keep fit, to develop physically,
makes them more organized and better
disciplined in their daily activities.
1. 4. 2. 5. 3. 6.
great magnitude and complexity
большая притягательная сила и сложность
consequences
последствия
disinterested by-standers
те, кто не проявляет интерес (равнодушные)
through their encounters
посредством встеч, контактов
Table for Ex. 3.
Ex. 4. Remember these English words and word combinations:
88
a salient part
важная, заметная часть
pastime
приятное время препровождение
constituent elements
составные части
within contemporary cultures
в рамках современной культуры
for economical and political ends
в экономических и политических целях
for sports sake
ради спорта
the value of sport for individual
consumption
ценность, значение спорта в личных
целях
neither good not evil
ни добро, ни зло
do the reflecting and interpreting
придавать значение и давать толкование (свое понимание)
sociological implication
значение для общества
go beyond
не ограничиваться
imbeded in
входить в (проникать в)
original meaning
первоначальные значения
maintain its basic value system
сохранять свои основные ценности,
значения
Ex. 5. Read and translate Text 1.
During the present century, sport has become a social phenomenon of great
magnitude and complexity. It has the potential of both positive and negative consequences for induviduals and groups throughout the world.
A majority of the world community has been involved as active participants
interested spectators or simply disinterested by-standers through their encounters
with sport in some form or another every day of their lives. Sport is a salient part of
our daily lives. Several meanings of sport are associated with three constituent
elements: play, physical exercises and competition.
Sociologists give different definitions and descriptions of sport as a social
activity. The word sport was derived from the word «disport» and first appeared in
the literature in 1303 and meant sport, pastime, recreation and pleasure. For some
Text 1. Sport and Society
89
sport is synonymous with athletics and elite competition while for others, sport is
physical activity that includes formal and informal competition, play and exercise.
Society within contemporary cultures has shaped the meaning of sport
which generally falls into two categories: sport that is entertainment and sport
that is practiced.
The first refers to the exploitation of sport (i. e., the organization and
promotion of sport for economical and/or political ends). The second, sport that is
practiced, embraces sport for sport’s sake (i.e., the value of sport for individual
comsumption).
Sport is neither good nor evil, sport is neutral. It is only when sport is acted
upon that meaning and value are derived. Human beings do the reflecting and
interpreting. People create and shape games and sports, dance and exercise,
give meanings to events like the Olympics, Asian Games, Wimbledon Tennis,
World Cup etc.
As we examine the sociological implication of sport in our world today we
must go beyond the mere tabulations of numbers of people involved or the
amount of money expended, and examine the more qualitative dimensions of
sport. We must seek the meaning of sport – for individuals, for collective
life-styles, and for society.
Sport has become imbeded in the social life of nations for a variety of
reasons. Sport, like any other set of norms, beliefs, and values, may be and has been
exported to our societies. The sport traditionally will retain its original meaning and
form that is consistent with the new culture, maintaining its basic value system.
Ex. 6. Answer the questions.
1. What has sport become during the present century?
2. Is sport a salient part of our daily lives?
3. What three constituent elements are several meanings of sport associated?
4. Which two categories does the contemporary sport fall into and what are they?
5. Is sport good or evil?
6. Why must we go beyond the mere tabulations of numbers of people involved or
the amount of money expended and examine the more qualitative dimensions of
sport as we examine the sociological implication of sport in our world today?
7. Has sport become imbedded in the social life of nations?
90
Соседние файлы в предмете [НЕСОРТИРОВАННОЕ]