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Файл:Развитие навыков устной и письменной речи на английском языке. Практикум
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82. kick-off
82. угол (поля)
83. kick
83. удаление игрока с поля
84. powerful blow
84. удар
85. hard blow
85. ударить с силой по мячу
86. direct kick
86. упустить мяч
87. corner kick
87. футбол
88. free kick
88. футболист
89. free goal kick
89. футбольная команда
90. pass
90. футбольное поле
91. penalty kick
91. центральный круг, центр поля
92. goal
92. центральный нападающий, центр напа-
дения
93. to kick a goal
93. центральный полузащитник, центр за-
щиты
94. decider
94. чаша стадиона
95. the ball in the own net
95. чистильщик
96. to tie even the goal
96. штанга, стойка ворот
97. to even the score
97. штрафная площадка
98. double booking
98. штрафной удар
1. 11. 21. 31. 41. 51. 61. 71. 81. 91. 2. 12. 22. 32. 42. 52. 62. 72. 82. 92.
3. 13. 23. 33. 43. 53. 63. 73. 83. 93.
4. 14. 24. 34. 44. 54. 64. 74. 84. 94.
5. 15. 25. 35. 45. 55. 65. 75. 85. 95. 6. 16. 26. 36. 46. 56. 66. 76. 86. 96. 7. 17. 27. 37. 47. 57. 67. 77. 87. 97.
8. 18. 28. 38. 48. 58. 68. 78. 88. 98. 9. 19. 29. 39. 49. 59. 69. 79. 89. 10. 20. 30. 40. 50. 60. 70. 80. 90.
Table for Ex. 1.
181
Ex. 2. Read and translate Text 10.
Text 10. Sports and games
Sports games include football, basketball, volleyball, handball, tennis, hockey,
baseball and others.
Football, or soccer, is the most popular of all ball games. Football requires
strength, will-power, persistence and endurance. Each team consists of 11 players:
a goalkeeper, forwards, halfbacks and fullbacks. Football is played for about 90
minutes, two halves of 45 minutes each with additional time minutes added by
referee, the interval being 15 minutes. The team that scores the greatest number of
goals is the winner. The homeland of modern football is England where in October,
1863 the first football association was formed and the rules were worked out. The
first international soccer match was played in 1872 between Scotland and England.
Now more than 140 countries belong to the International Federation of Football
Associations (FIFA). Football is one of the favourite sports games in Belarus.
Belarusian football team «Dynamo» was the champion of the USSR in 1982. At
present Belarusian footballers play for the best European clubs.
Volleyball is a popular recreational game and a competitive sport. Volleyball
as a recreational game is played indoors and outdoors on any court. The competitive
volleyball is divided into volleyball and beach volleyball. Beach volleyball
is played outdoors on a sand court with two players in a team. Normally volleyball
is played indoors on a court made of wood or other indoor surface material. There
are six players in a team. In a standard game the teams are arrayed in two rows on
each side of the net. The game starts with a serve by the right back of the serving
team. Each team tries to hit the ball to the floor of the other team's court and to
make it difficult for the other team to return the ball. Every team scores a point each
time the ball touches the other team's floor or whenever that team hits the ball more
than three times. Volleyball games are played in three or five sets, until the score of
25 points with 2 points advantage is reached in every set, with the exception of the
last one, in which 15 points are sufficient for the victory. Volleyball was invented in
the USA in 1895 by the physical fitness instructor William G.Morgan. The first international volleyball tournament was held in Paris in 1931. In 1946 the International
Volleyball Federation was formed. In 1961 volleyball was added to the programme
182
of the Olympic Games. Basketball is the world's most popular indoor sport. It is a
fast, exciting and entertaining game played between two teams of five players.
Basketball requires teamwork, quick reaction and endurance. A team wins
by scoring more points than the opposing team. Players score by shooting a large
inflated ball into baskets hung at the height of 3 m 05 cm above the ground at each
end of the basketball court. A player can advance the ball toward the basket only by
dribbling or passing the ball to a team-mate. Each team also tries to prevent the
other team from scoring. Normally, a team consists of two guards, two forwards,
and a centre. The game lasts for 40 minutes (48 minutes in the USA). It is divided
into four 10-minute quarters (12-minute quarters in the USA), with a halftime
interval of 10 or 15 minutes. A game cannot end in a tie, and additional 5-minute
periods are played until one of the teams wins. The history of basketball began in
1891. It was created by PE teacher James Neismith of the Springfield College,
Massachusetts, USA as an indoor game to occupy the students during the winter
months. The first basketball match was played on March 2, 1892. In 1932 the
International Amateur Basketball Federation was founded. Basketball appeared at
the Olympic Games in 1936 in Berlin. There are also national sports games, which
are extremely popular only in certain countries, for example, cricket in Great Britain
and the British Commonwealth of Nations, American football and baseball in the
United States of America, gorodki and lapta in Russia etc.
Ex. 3. Replace the following words and phrases with synonyms:
recently, hit, tackle, fight, championship, honours, nonstop, bare, harry, talk, go into,
air, wet, cardboard, in no time, disturbed, curious, sidewalk.
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Ex. 4. Mark the most important points of the text. Retell the text according to
these points.
Ex. 5. Fill in the gaps with appropriate verbs in the following sentences:
1. Already on the 10th minute of the first half __________ the first goal.
2. Who __________ for the penalty?
3. Our nimble defense __________ clean balls.
4. Finally they __________ violent attacks.
183
5. Full speed __________ goal.
6. But the ball __________ the post.
7. Right external rotor __________ to his striker.
8. Waiting throws down and __________ the ball, but not far enough.
9. The goalie __________ force of the ball.
10. The striker __________ strong.
11. Left-back __________ the ball.
12. He jumps high, wants the ball __________ , the goalkeeper jumps higher and
__________ the ball.
13. The legal sense __________ from close eliminator between the posts.
14. He brings the opposing strikers, wants him __________ .
15. The goalie jumps high and __________ the ball just over the bar.
16. The last shot, the referee __________ the game.
17. You __________ in the stands.
18. He __________ the pass.
19. The striker runs outline along and _________ the ball, the crowd __________ it.
20. He __________ the ball out of the net.
21. During the next shot, the ball __________ wide.
22. The gatekeeper __________ on the goal line back and forth to the striker.
23. The fast runners __________ one, two opponents and __________ the ball to
the right wing.
24. In the box __________ the center forward of the ball on target.
25. The team __________ in the following list.
26. In the area a defender __________ the ball with his hand, the referee
__________ the penalty.
27. You still __________ an accurate presentation of him.
28. He always __________ his image very cleverly.
29. The right-back __________ off.
30 But he __________ the corner.
31 The keeper went out of the gate and __________ ball far into the field.
32. You __________ these dangerous players.
Ex. 6. Paraphrase the following sentences without changing the contents:
1. The gatekeeper jumped up and carried the ball over the bar.
__________________________________________________________________
184
2. The right external rotor fitted to the right inside forward, who kicked the ball flat in
the box.
__________________________________________________________________
3. The football team of the university was defeated.
__________________________________________________________________
4. The left winger broke through, ran the outline along and in full running shot at
goal.
__________________________________________________________________
5. In the duel the left runners remained winners and untenable.
__________________________________________________________________
6. An exciting cup final is played on the lawn.
__________________________________________________________________
7. In the first half, attack occurs, but the opponent can no longer lose.
__________________________________________________________________
8. He runs, wants to catch up with the striker, as he stumbles, hitting a somersault
... all applaud.
__________________________________________________________________
Ex. 7. Read the dialogues. Roleplay them.
Dialogue 1
Dima: Hello, Sergey! Nice to see you after summer holidays!
Sergey: Hello, Dima! Nice to see you too!
D: You look healthy and full of energy! Where have you spent your summer holidays?
S: You know hiking is my hobby. This time I visited the Carpathian Mountains with
my friends.
D: They say, the Carpathian Mountains are an open-air museum.
S: That's true. They have a unique nature and climate. The mountains brought us
unforgettable impressions and pleasant emotions.
D: Wasn't it dangerous to hike in the mountains?
S: Hiking could be dangerous. That's why you must follow all the rules.
D: I am glad you had no problems during the hike. Hope to see the photos next
time!
185
S: I will show you the photos. But to feel the atmosphere of the mountains you
should go there yourself!
D: I'll think about it! Thank you!
S: See you, later!
Dialogue 2
Tanya: Hello, Natasha! Do you always visit this supermarket?
Natasha: Nice to see you, Tanya! I often buy food here.
T: I see you have bought oatmeal, cabbage, artichoke, carrot, bananas and oranges.
N: Yes. I think what we eat is very important for our health and that's why I choose
what is best for me.
T: I know, you are keen on diets and healthy food. What about pizza, sandwiches,
and Cola?
N: I never buy them. They could be dangerous for our health.
T: I see. Oatmeal is not dangerous but also is not very tasty.
N: I do not think so. I eat it every morning with pleasure. As I cook it with bananas,
peaches, raspberries or strawberries, it is very tasty.
T: Sounds really tasty. I think, I will cook oatmeal tomorrow and see whether you
are right.
N: If you eat it every day, you will keep fit and be full of energy, you will be always in
a good mood. And try to eat more fruits and vegetables and drink juice instead of
coffee.
T: Thanks for your advice. See you later!
N: Goodbye!
Ex. 8. Use the following vocabulary in short stories:
1. Sport, subject, University, currently, interesting, to attend, treat, care, football,
team.
2. International game, referee, audience, official gallery, first half, scoring, goals,
centre forward, goalkeeper, ward, advantage, keys, lead.
3. Field, whistle, centre, circle, trailer, to strengthen, to be in the attack, attacking
player, to make, to fight for the ball, to shoot the net.
4. Keeper, post, to submit, crowd, inside left, crossbar, heads, directing, kick, projection.
186
5. Pause, the second half, lead, series, defender, combination game, corner, penalty, contact, pick, fall.
6. Cheering, penalty, enthusiasm, shoot, stop, play, free.
7. Friendship, national team, to be proud of, rival, fair, host, resulting, defeat.
8. Busy bees, training, fight, in the hand, turn, provide, compensation, achieve,
victory.
9. Friend, to shout, height, favourite, society, distribute, in any case, ball, touch,
dribble, score, winning, cheer.
Ex. 9. Roleplay a conversation between a goalkeeper and a trainer after victory (after defeat).
Ex. 10. Translate into English:
1. В первом тайме атаковала наша команда.
__________________________________________________________________
2. Игра закончилась с ничейным результатом 3:3.
__________________________________________________________________
3. Центр нападения забил во второй половине игры два гола.
__________________________________________________________________
4. Недавно в нашем городе состоялась товарищеская встреча по футболу
сборных России и Франции.
__________________________________________________________________
5. Правый крайний завладевает мячом, но его неправильно атакует левый
защитник противника. Свисток. Штрафной удар.
__________________________________________________________________
6. Путь свободен, ворота пустые, он бьет – ... но мяч уходит выше ворот.
__________________________________________________________________
7. Вратарь все время начеку, он готов в любую минуту отразить удар.
__________________________________________________________________
8. Скажите, пожалуйста, с каким результатом закончилась первая половина
игры?
__________________________________________________________________
9. Я хожу на все игры своей любимой футбольной команды.
__________________________________________________________________
187
10. Все болельщики очень бурно реагируют на проигрыши своих команд.
__________________________________________________________________
11. Мне, собственно, все равно, что скажет тренер. При всем моем желании я
не мог отбить этот пушечный удар.
__________________________________________________________________
12. Что-то давно не видно на поле центрального нападающего?
__________________________________________________________________
13. Футбольная команда нашего университета заняла третье место в розыгрыше городского первенства.
__________________________________________________________________
14. Так как к концу второго тайма счет оставался ничейным, было назначено
добавочное время.
__________________________________________________________________
15. Лишь на 72-ой минуте Орлову удалось сравнять счет.
__________________________________________________________________
Ex. 11. Talk on the subject:
1. Football field.
2. Football team.
3. History of football game.
4. Football in your country.
5. Your favorite football team.
6. Football matches at the last Championship.
7. Football in sunny (rainy) weather.
8. Football fans.
9. Causes of defeat.
10. Role of the goalkeeper.
11. Footbal referee.
Text 11. Basketball
Ex. 1. Match English and Russian words and word combinations from the
Vocabulary Notes. Learn the Vocabulary Notes by heart.
188
1. basketball
1. баскетбольная площадка
2. a basketball player
2. баскетбол
3. a basketball game
3. баскетболист
4. foul
4. блокировать
5. basketball court
5. бросок в корзину
6. basket
6. вести мяч
7. basketball hoop
7. забросить мяч в корзину
8. backboard
8. игра в баскетбол
9. to dribble
9. кольцо корзины
10. to shoot at the basket
10. корзина
11. shot
11. ошибка, нарушение правил
12. to block
12. перерыв
13. penalty
13. продолжительность игры
14. free throw
14. свободный бросок
15. length of the game
15. штрафной бросок
16. break
16. щит
1. 5. 9. 13. 2. 6. 10. 14. 3. 7. 11. 15. 4. 8. 12. 16.
Table Ex. 1.
Vocabulary Notes
Ex. 2. Read and translate Text 11.
Basketball is extremely popular all around the world. The object is to put a
ball through a hoop, or basket, and thus score more points than the opposing team.
Teams comprise of ten players, with a maximum of five on court at any one time.
Substitutions are unlimited during the course of the game.
Text 11. Basketball
189
From 1898 on, many attempts were made to establish professional basketball
as a spectator sport – but success did not come until 1946. The best of the early
efforts was made by the Harlem Globetrotters, an all-black team that toured first
only the United States and then internationally to play local professional or
semi-professional teams. The Globetrotters, founded in 1926, were not affiliated
with a league. Their style was and is often showy because, at least into the early
1950s, they could dominate all opponents.
In 1946 serious professional basketball had acquired a following among
American sports fans, who wanted to see the former collegians in action. That year the
Basketball Association of America, with teams from the United States and one from
Toronto, began competing in large arenas in the major cities. Another professional
league, the National Basketball League, was already in existence, with many
franchises in medium-sized midwestern cities. The two leagues merged in 1949 as
the National Basketball Association (NBA) and pared away the weaker franchises.
With the signing of the country's best collegians through what was called a
player draft, the NBA could display both talent and balance. The NBA's greatest
spurt of growth occurred in the 1960s and '70s. Although the Boston Celtics, led by
Bill Russel, Bob Cousy, and John Havlicek and coached by Red Auerbach, won 11
of 13 NBA titles beginning in 1957, fans also closely followed such stars as
Philadelphia's Wilt Chamberlain, Cincinnati's Oscar Robertson, and Los Angeles's
Jerry West and Elgin Baylor. The NBA of the 1970s and 1980s exhibited a welcome
balance of power: from 1970 until 1988 no team won consecutive NBA titles,
though the New York Knicks (with Willis Reed, Walt Frazier, and Bill Bradley) won
twice; the Boston Celtics, 5 times (3 with Larry Bird); and the Los Angeles Lakers,
6 times (5 with Magic Johnson).
In the 1970s the NBA expanded from 9 teams to 22. Some of the new
franchises were acquired when the American Basketball Association (1968–76)
merged with the NBA. Also, a Dallas franchise was added in 1980; Charlotte, Carolina, and Miami, in 1988; and Minnesota and Orlando, in1989. During the late 1970s
and early 1980s several women's professional leagues were begun; all of them
failed financially. Women in the USA are currently under the WNBA.
The NBA today enjoys a massive worldwide following, and European
basketball is fast emerging.
Watch this space...!
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