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Файл:Развитие навыков устной и письменной речи на английском языке. Практикум
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«y» – why, try, spy, by, bye, bygone, dynamics, bypass, rye, style, my, cry, dry,
dye, cycle, cytology, cyclone, hyphen, hypothesis.
Ex. 2. Read the words according to the rule of closed syllable.
«a» – marry, angry, narrow, cash, cabman, camber, clamp, clap, bank, badge,
dam, damp, can, random;
«e» – left, shelf, enter, well, rest, beg, century, sense, cell, censor, census, pebble,
web, net, stem, tense, melting, stress, hence, kept, lend, spend, merry, essence,
error, envelope;
«i» – still, window, jig, gim, pig, drink, since, vintage, industry, dig, dignity, written,
mistake, fiction, bit, bill;
«o» – cost, lot, not, follow, cloth, modern, slot, cobble, drop, conscience, possible,
sponsor, hostage, bottom, borrow, bond, soft, solve;
«u» – under, cut, rust, rubber, husband, culture, such, Sunday, function, construction, us, club, instruction, just, luck, budget, fund, bulk, thunder, pump, culture,
custom, number, public, gulf, must, current;
«y» – system, crystal, myth, hybrid, symmetric, symbol, sphynx.
Ex. 3. Read the words according to the rule of «vowel + r» (ar, or, er, ir, ur).
a first-year student; a third-year student; to be born, turner;
«ar» – card, far, farm, arm, party, garden, market, car, carpet, charge, cargo, department, armour;
«er» – serve, certificate, certainly, certitude, service, defer, deserve, dessert,
detergent, perception, pervasive;
«ir» – first, third, firm, circle, circuit, circumference, birthday;
«or» – afford, to be born, nor, fortress, border, order, important, storage, torsion;
«ur» – turner, fur, nurse, burn,burly, burr, burse, curtain, church, curb, curl, metallurgical, demur (колебания), purpose.
Ex. 4. Read the words with combinations of «vowels + re».
«are» – care, fare, rare, declare, warehouse, warfare, shareholder, aware, compare, prepare, welfare, parents, mare;
«ere» – here, mere, cereal, severe, sere;
«ire» – tire, desire, wire, satire, admire, retire, mire, empire;
«ore» – bore, store, iron ore, deplore (сожалеть), score, more, explore;
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«ure» – sure, cure, lure, pure, endure, secure, obscure.
Ex. 5. Read the words with combinations of vowels with the letter «r».
«air» – despair, pair, hair, chair, air, affair, stair;
«ear» – clear, bear, weary, earn, appear, learn, hear, rear, gear, shear;
«our» – tour, devour, our.
Ex. 6. Read the words with combinations «au» and «aw».
«au» – fault, precaution, default;
«aw» – pawn, dawn, claw, hawk, draw, raw.
Ex. 7. Read the words with the letter – combinations «ay».
payment, way, ray, tray, say, stay, clay, day, may, decay, defray (оплачивать),
delay, lay.
Ex. 8. Read the words with the letters «ai».
main, fail, aim, railway, again, brain, training, chain, claim, drain, tail, tailor, daily,
trailer, daisy, caisson, maid, paint, laid, detail, detain (задерживать, заставлять,
ждать), waist, waiter, contain, certain, strait, hail, obtain, retail, paid, explain.
Ex. 9. Read the words with vowel «a» after «w».
watch, was, warrant, water, warn, war, wabble (качание, колебание), wad (пыж),
waddle (ходить в развалку), wallaroo (кенгуру), wallet, want, wardrobe, wasp
(осa), warrior (воин), wart (бородавка), wash, washer (шайба, прокладка), re-
ward, wasp, Washington.
Ex. 10. Read the words with the letter «a» + «l».
always, almost, all, already, walk, call, small, talk, walnut, wall-paper, walrus
(морж), stall.
Ex. 11. Read the words with the vowel «a».
last, past, pass, plant, branch, large, part, grasp, grant, dance, ask, vast, staff, craft,
clasp, demand, advance, mass.
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Ex. 12. Read the words with the letters «ei», «ie».
to ceil (штукатурить), ceiling, deceit (обман), deceive, Diesel, receipt, perceive,
believe, field, shield.
Ex. 13. Read the words with the letters «ew».
knew, new, few, dew, mew, news, pew, hew.
Ex. 14. Read the words with combination of letters «igh».
high, higher, right, might, night, bright, fight, flight, light, sight, sigh.
Ex. 15. Read the words with the letter «i» before «ld», «nd».
child, kind, mild, mind, find, wild, wind (ветер), grind, wind (обматывать), bind,
behind.
Ex. 16. Read the words with the letters «ow», using dictionary, divide them
into 2 columns.
towel, trowel (садовый совок, лопатка), tower, tow (буксир, пакля), towage (буксировка), town, tow-line (буксирный трос), tow-row (шум, гам), bow (поклон, нос корабля), bow-compass (кронциркуль), bowels (внутренности, недра), bower (беседка), bowk (бадья подъёма (горн.), bowl (кубок, чаша), bowling (игра в шары),
bowman (стрелок из лука), bowman (гребец), bowse (выбирать сети), bowshot
(дальность полёта стрелы), bow window (окно с выступом, эркер), bow-wow (лай
собаки), Moscow, to-morrow, nowadays, know = how, town, down, allow, power,
flower low, show, shadow, blow, throw, own, flow, sowar (кавалерист), window.
Ex. 17. Read the words with vowel combination «ou».
south, mount, count, round, sound, pound, loud, out, found, bound, mountain,
fountain, cloud, denounce (обвинять), ground, boundary, mouse, enough, country.
Ex. 18. Read the words with the letter «o» after «w».
wonder, worry, wondrous, wolf, women.
Ex. 19. Read the words with the letter «o» before 2 consonants.
folk, fold, hold, molding, gold, told, holt (убежище, нора), jolt (толчок, удар), post,
poll, sold, soldier, volt, voltage, wont, wold.
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Ex. 20. Read the words with the letter combination «oy».
deployment, destroy, boy, toy, employ, annoy, deploy, enjoy, convoy, royal, joy.
Ex. 21. Read the words with the stressed vowel «o».
some, London, son, front, money, wonder, month, love, other, mother, brother,
sometimes, among, won, nothing, above, ton, none, somebody, done, come,
comfortable, wonderful, money, cover, otherwise, another, monkey, monk.
Ex. 22. Read the words with letters «qu».
qualification, quantity, equilibrium, equivalent, quite, quiet, quotation, quote, equipment, equity, quarter, request, require, requirement, earthquake, queue.
Ex. 23. Read the words with the last stressed vowel «y».
typify, verify, simplify, try, certify, clarify, decry (осуждать, порицать), defy (бросать вызов), deify (боготворить), deny, supply, occupy, cry, spy, imply, comply,
reply, apply, justify, signify, qualify.
Ex. 24. Read the words with vowel combinations.
«ee» – heel, seed, street, needle, breed, decree, deed, deep, deem, degree,
employee, trustee, feeling, feed, need, agreement, drawee, consignee, payee;
«ea» – eagle, leaf, leave, east, teach, sea, meat, meal, speak, cease, deal, mean,
least, tea, leader, lead (свинец), clean, seal, neat, dream, heat, defeat, dean, feasible, feature, threat, thread, reason, peace, teacher, treaty, dead, deaf, heavy,
season, beam, weather;
«oo» – tool, good, soon, noodle, look, cool, too, loop, wood, roof, spoon, whoop
(возглас), root, proof, mood, moon;
«oi» – hoist, noise, soil, coin, avoid, choice, moisture, voice, point, spoil, despoil,
dispoilment (ограбление), void, boil, joint ;
«ei» – weight, freight, reign, deign (снизойти), feign (притворяться).
Ex. 25. Read the words with the letters «ck».
ticket, bucket, back, buckwheat, check, cock, clock, deck, stock, reckon, neck, rock,
stick, pocket, wicked (злой), lock, lack.
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Ex. 26. Read the words with the letters «ti».
location, attention, transportation, station, initiate, negotiation, substantial,
circumstantial, initiative, transaction, deferential (почтительный), essential.
Ex. 27. Read the words with the letters «qu».
frequency, require, inquiry, requirement, quantity, delinquency (проступок), equity,
quarrel, question.
Ex. 28. Read the words with the consonant «g».
engage, bridge, gap, gesture, luggage, baggage, geography, pedagogical, forget,
gesture, gear, drainage, general, age, ago, cog, log, frog, damage, danger, edge,
cargo, large, passenger, generation, infringement, demagogic, imagination,
magazine, engineering, integral, rigid, edge, catalogue, logic, revenge, image.
Ex. 29. Read the words with the consonant «c».
centigrade, centre, celebrate, celestial, cement, censorship, centaur, century,
ceramic, cereal, ceremony, certain, camshaft, carrier, caterpillar, civil, citizen, cite,
citers, city, cluster, clever, country, cattle, coach, coast, course, collar, cure, couple,
curious, current, custom, cybernetics, cyclometer, cyclone, cypress, practice,
society, decanter, Decembrist, delicacy, price, practical.
Ex. 30. Read the words with combination of 2 consonants.
debt, often, half, knight, listen, walk, Wednesday, knife, know, write, talk, walk,
should, would, could, climb, damn, dumb, debtor, ghost, knowledge, receipt, knock,
thumb, folk, rhyme.
Ex. 31. Read the following words.
honourable, hour, honour, knee, written, write, wrote.
Ex. 32. Read the words with the suffix «ture».
architecture, structure, lecture, debenture (долговое обязательство), departure,
moisture, adventure, agriculture, manufacture, expenditure.
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Ex. 33. Read the words with the letters «ph».
phone, symphony, philarmony, physics, philosophy, cipher, decipher, decipherable,
phase, phrase, emphasize, photography, sphere, sophisticate, sphinx, graphic,
amphitheatre.
Ex. 34. Read the words with the letters «ch».
architecture, technologist, challenge, chamber, mechanical, technological, chapter,
chance, change, chemical, technology, chemist, chemistry, architect, character,
characteristic, chip, charity, school, charm, chart, choice, cheap, exchange,
cheerful, chimney, church, anchor, scheme, scholarship, chronic.
Ex. 35. Read the words with letter – combination «wh».
which, wheat, whale, whom, what, wharf, whatever, whose, wheel, whence, while,
whetstone, whip, whirl, whisper, white, who, whole, whether, why, when.
Ex. 36. Read the words with the letters «sh».
shall, shining, share, sheer, sheet, shell, shift, ship, shirt, shiver, short, shoot, shoe,
shock, shot, shore, fresh.
Ex. 37. Read the words with the letters «sion».
decision, provision, abrasion, vision, confusion, invasion, concision, scission.
Ex. 38. Read the words with the letters «ci».
delicious, sufficient, efficient, official, depreciate, appreciate, deficient, financial.
Ex. 39. Read the words with the letter – combination «sure».
measure, treasure, leisure, measurement, pleasure, exposure, enclosure.
Ex. 40. Read the words with letter – combination «sc».
scope, scooter, science, scintillate, scissors, score, Scotch, scission, scientist,
scomful, scout, scientific, susceptible, screen.
Ex. 41. Read the following words taking into account various rules of reading
and exceptions.
«a» – last, parents, small, flat, large, also, ago, factory, plant, far, carry, match;
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«e» – led, lead, leather, great, appear, strength, region, earth, vehicle, mean,
engine;
«i» – divorce, marital, mine, mind, grind, digital, die, while, facility, unite,
significance, find, triangle, brick, direct, civil;
«o» – room, group, old, now, know, out, some, wonderful, house, worry, woman,
wolf, shovel, irrevocable, govern, love;
«u» – use, unit, utterance, us, gulf, further, feature, future, justice, juice, useless,
occur, nuclear, utensils, valuable, build, suburbs, due;
«y» – Egypt, type, pyramid, hypocrisy, cylinder.
to live, to give, city, get, begin, library, weather, ready, breakfast; door, flood, do,
country, courage, group, friend, route; study, busy; over; put, pull, bush; buy, guy;
do; there; should, would, could.
enough, tough, rough, though, dough, through, cough, borough, fought, sough.
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Part 2. ORAL AND WRITTEN PRACTICE
Module 1. About Myself and My Family
Text 1. My Visit Card
Ex. 1. Write down and translate the following vocabulary notes and sentences. Learn the Vocabulary Notes by heart.
Vocabulary Notes
1. name second name surname full name
Example: His name is Ilya. His second name is Petrovich. His surname is Pavlov.
So, his full name is Ilya Petrovich Pavlov.
2. to be 18 (19, 20) years old; to be 18, 19, 20.
Example: My sister is 19 years old. I am 18. My mother is 39 years old.
3. to be born in
Example: Tom is an Englishman but he was born in Russia. I was born in
Washington. They were born in England. Where were you born?
4. good-looking
Example: Mark’s girlfriend is a very good-looking young person. Good-looking
people are usually successful.
5. slim
Example: My sister always keeps to diets and goes to sport clubs, that is why she
is very slim.
6. to train
Example: Sportsmen must train regularly. You should train hard to have good
physical fitness.
7. to keep one’s health
Example: Proper meals and sport keep our health.
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8. experienced
Example: My aunt has worked at school during 25 years, so she is very
experienced in pedagogy.
9. to be two/four years older/younger than …
Example: Ann is four years older than my brother. Sam is two years younger than
Mark.
10. to be the first/second/third/fourth/fifth year student
Example: This young man is the second year student of the Siberian State
University of Physical Education and Sport. She is the third year student of the
Omsk State University.
11. to have much in common
Example.: My sister and me have much in common.
12. to decide
Example: She decided not to come to his birthday. When will you decide what to
do?
13. to enter
Example: Frank entered the Omsk State Pedagogical University last year. I am
going to enter the Siberian State University of Physical Education and Sport this
year.
14. to graduate from
Example: She graduated from the Omsk State Technical University last year. Next
year my best friend will graduate from the Omsk State Agrarian University.
15. merited
Example: John’s brother is a merited artist of Russia. I would like to become
a merited master of sport.
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16. to go in for sport / to do sport(s) / to take up sport
1. entered
2. good-looking
3. competition
4. admitted
5. boast
6. higher education
7. coach
8. was born
9. name
10. decided
11. application
12. trains
13. slim
14. entrance exams
15. experienced
16. graduated from
17. to go in for sport
18. have much in common
Example: Many people nowadays go in for sport. It is popular to do sport. What
kind of sport do you take up? I take up gymnastics.
17. application
Example: People usually write an application when they want to leave their work.
18. entrance examinations
Example: My entrance examinations were difficult enough.
19. to admit
Example: He says he admits my work. I don’t admit a call.
20. coach (trainer)
Example: A coach plays a very important role in a sportsman’s career.
21. competition
Example: Swimming competition will take place in the middle of July.
22. to take part in
Example: Paul often takes part in different conferences.
23. higher education
Example: You need a higher education for finding a good and well-paid work today.
Ex. 2. Fill in the gaps choosing the words from the following table:
1. He says that his __________ is Mark.
2. Everybody likes her, she is a very kind and __________ person.
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