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Файл:Развитие навыков устной и письменной речи на английском языке. Практикум
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most popular diving sites, but recreational divers often have to make do with less
exotic local destinations, like the North Sea in Britain. SCUBA diving is not without
its dangers, however.
Ex. 3. Use the following expressions in 3–5 sentences:
Scuba, diving, to be on holiday, to go on holiday, vacation.
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Ex. 4. Answer the following questions:
1. What is water sport?
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2. What is a rowing team?
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3.What kinds of sport boats do you know?
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4. Where do water sport events take place?
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5. Is water sport developed in your country?
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Ex. 5. Use the following vocabulary in short stories.
1. River, canoeists, race, complete, to capsize, flow.
2. Yacht, mainsail, billow, downstream, sailing wind, land, full sail, to strike sail.
3. Helmsman, rudder, in the lead, victorious.
4. Paddle, boat, glide, bridge, surface, buoy, exercise, instructions.
Ex. 6. Tell about rowing and sailing. Their similarities and differencies.
Ex. 7. Talk on the subject:
1. On the lake on a sunny summer day.
2. Tourists travel by boat.
3. Sailing regatta.
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Ex. 8. Translate you into English:
1. cycling
1. велогонка
2. bicycle
2. велогонка мира
3. handle bar
3. велосипед
1. Байдарки, юркие каноэ, одиночки, восьмерки скользят по спокойному озеру.
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2. Это гребцы готовятся к ответственным соревнованиям.
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3. На лодочной станции всегда оживленно.
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4. Каждый выбирает лодку по своему вкусу: одному нужна лодка поменьше,
другому – побольше.
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5. Наконец-то, выбор сделан и можно отчаливать.
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6. Все рассаживаются – кто на нос, кто – на корму.
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7. Энтузиасты садятся на весла.
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8. Несколько взмахов весел – и лодка уже далеко от берега.
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9. Как увлекателен парусный спорт!
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10. Когда на всех парусах бесшумно скользишь по водной поверхности, ка-
жется, что нет ничего прекраснее!
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Text 7. Cycling
Ex. 1. Match English and Russian words and word combinations from the
Vocabulary Notes. Learn the Vocabulary Notes by heart.
Vocabulary Notes
152
4. tyre
4. велоспорт
5. helmet
5. велотрек
6. cycle race
6. велотур
7. cycle track
7. головная группа
8. indoor track
8. гонка за лидером
9. track race
9. гонка на треке
10. road race
10. дорожная гонка
11. cycle tour
11. закончить этап
12. Peace Race
12. закрытый трек
13. lap
13. на первом этапе
14. leading pack
14. основная группа
15. basic group
15. оторваться от преследователя
16. stayer race
16. победить на этапе
17. at the first stage
17. руль
18. to complete the stage
18. шина, покрышка
19. to win the stage
19. шлем
20. to shake off the pursuer
20. этап, участок
1. 6. 11. 16. 2. 7. 12. 17. 3. 8. 13. 18. 4. 9. 14. 19. 5. 10. 15. 20.
Table for Ex. 1.
Ex. 2. Read and translate Text 7.
What's the furthest you have ever cycled? Perhaps you cycle to school or to
work, or maybe at most a short cycling trip with friends? How would you feel about
spending months on the road travelling solo from the UK to China, by bike? For
Text 7. Cycling
153
British cyclist Pete Jones, camping rough and cycling long distances through
inhospitable terrain are second nature.
Mr Jones is currently undertaking a mammoth trip across the Eurasian
continent from Britain to China. Pete Jones is no stranger to China. But he says
many people there are puzzled by his passion for cycling, asking why he would
choose to cycle when he can afford a car. Indeed, while there are an estimated 400
million bicycles in China, where it has long been the preferred form of transport,
rapid economic growth has fuelled an explosive expansion in car ownership.
Edward Genochio, another British cyclist who completed a 41,000 km trip to
China and back, said one of his aims was to «promote cycling as a safe, sustainable
and environmentally benign means of getting about».
In the UK, the last few years have seen a rise in the number of people
choosing two wheels over four, with some estimates saying the number of people
cycling to work has almost doubled in the last five years. Politicians also see cycling
as a way to boost their eco-credentials, with people such as London mayor Boris
Johnson often riding to work under his own steam. But we may have to wait some
time before we see him emulating Pete Jones in attempting to cycle all the way
to China!
We often hear a saying «Don’t invent a bicycle» about something simple and
known for a long time. Really, the bicycle is old enough – more than a hundred
years of age. Its first prototype appeared in 1791 in France. In 1800 a Russian
peasant Artamonov made an iron bicycle and travelled on it from Nizhni Tagil to
Moscow. First bicycles looked odd: a large (about 1.5 m high) front wheel with a
cranked axle. The backwheel was usually smaller. Bicycles were made of iron and
riding them was not comfortable because of shaking. They were even called
«bone shakers».
In 1868 rubber tyres were invented, first solid, then pneumatic. New types of
bicycles appeared every year but only in 1885 people saw a model which looked
like modern cycles. It had two almost equal wheels and a chain drive to the rear
wheel. The frame of the cycle was diamond-shaped. This shape survived and
became basic. The new machine looked more elegant than the old «spiders» which
were soon abandoned. As time went by, new bicycles were invented – for two,
three and even fifteen riders! The first bicycle race was held in 1868 in Paris. But
the sport became popular only several decades later because bicycles were
expensive and only rich people could afford them.
154
By the end of the 19th century many factories produced thousands of
bicycles which became cheap, so many people could practice cycling and take part
in various competitions. Cycling competitions are generally divided into road and
track events. Both kinds are in the Olympic programme. Olympic road events
include individual and team races. Individual races' distances are different, usually
they do not exceed 200 kilometres. The winner is the first cyclist who passes over
the finish line with his front wheel. In the team road event the teams start the
contest with 2-4 minutes interval, and that team wins whose members get the best
sum of timings. Track events take place on special cycling tracks which look like
elongated stadiums with a sloping runway made of concrete, wood or plastics.
Track events are very spectacular. The Olympic programme includes 1 km
sprint races, 1 km heat or time trial, individual pursuit and team pursuit over 4 km.
Ex. 3. Answer the following questions:
1 Which cycle race is especially popular in your country?
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2. Which types of cycle race do you know?
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3. What organizations are promoters of race of the world?
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4. When did the first race of the world take place?
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Ex. 4. Translate into English:
1. Велогонка мира давно переросла рамки обычного международного спортивного мероприятия, завоевала исключительную популярность и признание, как самих спортсменов, так и зрителей.
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2. Велико спортивное значение гонки. Это выдающееся соревнование велогонщиков-любителей может быть названо вполне неофициальным первенством мира по многодневной гонке.
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155
3. Команда России участвовала в велогонке мира, это участие было удачным –
российские велогонщики заняли тогда 1-е место в командном первенстве.
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4. Кадждый год проходит велогонка мира. В ней команда российских велосипедистов занимает первые места.
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5. Российские спортсмены чаще других одерживали победу в этом ответственном соревновании. За ними следуют спортсмены Франции и Голландии.
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6. В этом году стартует очередная велогонка мира. Гонщики мира снова проедут по дорогам нескольких стран.
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7. Вновь будут празднично украшены города, вновь будет упорная борьба на
трассе, вновь поднимуться на пьедестал почета победители.
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Ex. 5. Retell the text.
Ex. 6. Talk about cycling in Russia and foreign countries.
Ex. 7. Read the dialogues. Roleplay them.
Dialogue 1
Jerry: Wow, we're finally here. Look at all the people!
Fay: It doesn't seem so crowded to me. This is normal in Beijing!
J: I guess we're not the only ones who want to get more exercise. («ones» = «people»)
F: Are you ready to start hiking?
J: Let's see... I have enough water, and some snacks to eat on the way... Yes, I'm
ready. Go ba?
156
F: «Go ba»?? In Chinese, we usually say «Zou ba?».
J: Yes, my teacher taught that to us. But Chinese «zou» and English «go» rhyme,
so my students sometimes combine Chinese and English – they call it «Chinglish»!
(«rhyme» = «have the same sound»)
F: I see. So the answer to «Go ba» in «Chinglish» could be «Let's zou»!
J: That's right: Let's zou!
(Fay smiles at Jerry, and they start climbing. Thirty minutes pass...)
F: Oh, I think I need to take a break. I'm exhausted! We haven't gone very far. How
can I be so tired?
J: Maybe you should get more exercise.
F: You don't seem to be tired at all. Why not?
J: It could be because I exercise regularly. I play tennis three times a week.
F: That could be it... We all need to keep our bodies in shape, don't we?
(Fay and Jerry arrive at the top of Xiang Mountain.)
J: Wow, what a beautiful view!
F: Look to the east. We can see the Summer Palace!
J: Oh, is that Kunming Lake?
F: Yes, it is. And further out we can see the center of Beijing.
J: It sure is breathtaking! I'm glad we came here on a clear day. You know, I'm really
glad I came to Beijing. It's a very nice city, very «liveable».
F: I'm really glad we came here today. We've had a great time together!
J: But you need to get into better shape, so we can do this kind of thing more often.
F: I guess you're right... Hey, I have an idea... Why don't you teach me how to play
tennis. Then we can spend lots more time together!
Dialogue 2
Fay: Jerry, could you show me how to hold the racket?
Jerry: Sure Fay, it's just like shaking hands. Hold your hand out as though you were
going to shake my hand...
F: Do you mean like this?
J: Right, like that. Then put the racket in your hand, like this.
F: So now I'm ready to hit the ball!
J: Remember what I told you. There are two types of swings, the forehand and the
backhand.
157
F: I remember. You told me hitting a forehand, starting on my right, is like hitting a
ping pong ball.
J: Exactly. Why don't you try one now. Ready? Hit this!
F: Oops! I missed it completely!
J: That's okay, try again. This time, keep your eye on the ball.
F: Keep my eye where?
J: It's just an expression. «Keep your eye on the ball» means watch the ball carefully.
F: Oh, I see. Let me try again...
J: Here comes another ball... Wow! You hit it over the fence! You're a very powerful
lady.
F: Hee hee hee. I guess I need to practice more.
J: Sure, but with a bit of practice, you'll be able to keep the ball in the court.
F: Now what about the backhand?
J: Many people think the backhand is difficult, but actually it's quite simple. It's a lot
like slapping your boyfriend in the face!
F: Huh? What do you mean?
J: Just pull your racket back to your left, then imagine you see your boyfriend with
another woman!
F: Why that dirty rat!
Ex. 8. Use the following vocabulary in short stories
1. Race of the world, route, to participate, top group, in the lead.
2. Slope, steep, cyclist, sprint, plunge.
3. Slip on, individual, winner, stage, pace, to overtake.
4. Track, race, winter path, starting line, round.
Ex. 9. Talk on the subject:
1. The types of the cycling race.
2. Races in winter.
3. Tourists travelling by bicycle.
4. I like cycling.
158
Text 8. Boxing. On the ring
1. boxing
1. ближний бой, бой с ближней дистанции
2. a boxer
2. бой на дальней дистанции
3. to box
3. боковой удар
4. boxing gloves
4. бокс
5. boxing match
5. боксер
6. boxing match promoter
6. боксерские перчатки
7. boxing team
7. боксировать, заниматься боксом
8. light flyweight
8. быть в нокауте
9. bantamweight
9. в первом, втором ... раунде
10. featherweight
10. второй полусредний вес
11. lightweight
11. второй средний вес
12. light welterweight
12. канаты на ринге
13. welterweight
13. клинч, обхват
14. light middleweight
14. команда боксеров
15. middleweight
15. легкий вес
16. light heavyweight
16. легчайший вес
17. heavyweight
17. на ринге
18. ring
18. наилегчайший вес
19. in the ring
19. нанести удар
20. ropes
20. нокаут
21. referee
21. нокаутировать кого-л.
22. second
22. организатор состязаний по боксу
23. round
23. ответный удар
24. in the first, second ... round
24. первый полусредний вес
25. gong
25. первый средний вес
Ex. 1. Match English and Russian words and word combinations from the
Vocabulary Notes. Learn the Vocabulary Notes by heart.
Vocabulary Notes
159
26. in-fighting
26. подставить перчатку (смягчить удар)
27. outfighting
27. покаутирующий удар
28. punch
28. полулегкий вес
29. punching low
29. полутяжелый вес
30. jab
30. прямой удар
31. retaliation
31. раунд
32. knockout blow
32. ринг
33. swing
33. секундант
34. uppercut
34. состязание по боксy
35. straight blow
35. судья на ринге
36. left jab
36. тяжелый вес
37. to launch a blow
37. удар
38. to soften the blow
38. удар в подбородок
39. clinch
39. удар гонга
40. knockout (K.O.)
40. удар ниже пояса
41. to knockout
41. удар по корпусу
42. to be down for the count
42. удар слева
1. 7. 13. 19. 25. 31. 37. 2. 8. 14. 20. 26. 32. 38. 3. 9. 15. 21. 27. 33. 39. 4. 10. 16. 22. 28. 34. 40. 5. 11. 17. 23. 29. 35. 41.
6. 12. 18. 24. 30. 36. 42.
Table for Ex. 1.
Ex. 2. Read and translate Text 8.
Text 8. Boxing. On the ring
Boxing is a combat sport in which two people wearing protective gloves
throw punches at each other for a predetermined set of time in a boxing ring.
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