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Файл:Проблемы медицины и биологии. Межрегиональная научно-практическая конференция молодых ученых и студентов с международным участием
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Материал и методы исследования. Обобщены данные о больных СКЭБИ находившихся на
лечении в неврологическом отделении Кемеровской областной клинической больницы за период с 2007
по 2010 г. Для определения выраженности СЭИ использовался лейкоцитарный индекс интоксикации
(ЛИИ) рассчитываемый по формуле Я. Кальф-Калифа.
Результаты и их обсуждение. При расчете ЛИИ отклонение от нормативных значений (0,3-1,5)
наблюдалось у пациентов в тяжелом и средне тяжелом состоянии. В группе пациентов с преобладанием
симптомов КЭ в клинической картине заболевания во всех случаях в остром периоде наблюдалось
снижение ЛИИ ниже нормативных значений, что свидетельствовало о преобладании вирусного
компонента в патогенезе заболевания. В группе с преобладанием симптомов КБ в первые дни
заболевания показатель ЛИИ находился в рамках нормативных значений, однако наблюдалась тенденция
к повышению ЛИИ выше нормативных значений к 5-7 дню заболевания, что может указывать на
преобладание бактериального компонента инфекции. В группе пациентов с клиническими проявлениями
обеих инфекций (КЭ и КБ) в остром периоде, изменения ЛИИ носили разнонаправленный характер.
Среди пациентов с неспецифическим течением СКЭБИ (без патогномоничных симптомов КЭ или КБ)
наблюдалось легкое течение заболевания и значимых отклонений при расчете ЛИИ не выявлено.
Вывод. Характер изменений ЛИИ при СКЭБИ позволяет объективизировать оценку тяжести
состояния больного, а также судить о роли вирусного и бактериального компонентов инфекционного
процесса в развитии клинических проявлений заболевания.
ЯКОВЛЕВА Т.В., НЕДУЕВА А.О.
ОТНОШЕНИЕ ПАЦИЕНТОВ К СВОЕМУ ЗДОРОВЬЮ И ЗДРАВООХРАНЕНИЮ
Кафедра пропедевтики внутренних болезней
Кемеровская государственная медицинская академия, г. Кемерово
Научный руководитель – к.м.н., доцент Т.В. Протасова
Отношение населения к здоровью формируется под влиянием многих социальных институтов, и
одним из существенных является система здравоохранения.
Цель исследования – изучение отношения пациентов к своему здоровью и здравоохранению.
Материалы и методы исследования
Методом сплошной выборки проведено одномоментное интервьюирование 38 пациентов
поликлиники ГУЗ ОКГВВ г. Кемерово в возрасте от 28 до 80 лет (21 мужчин (55,3%), средний возраст
51,1 лет, и 17 женщин (44,7%), средний возраст 52,3 лет). Все больные разделены на группы по возрасту:
I группа – до 50 лет, II группа – 50 лет и старше.
Результаты и их обсуждение
Выявлены возрастные и гендерные различия в обращаемости пациентов: лица I группы
посещают поликлинику преимущественно 1-2 раза в год, только в случае заболевания, а лица II группы –
3 раза в год и чаще, при этом 50% из них – «за советом, чтобы не заболеть». Более 75% опрошенных
считают, что самое главное для сохранения здоровья – здоровый образ жизни, при этом никто из них не
считает необходимым строгое следование советам врача. Несмотря на информированность о пользе
здорового образа жизни, не считают необходимым выполнять рекомендации по его изменению 80%
женщин и 100% мужчин I группы, и 42% женщин и 88% мужчин I группы. Отмечена низкая
приверженность к медикаментозному лечению: по разным причинам не выполняют рекомендации врача
в I группе 100% мужчин и 60% женщин, во II – 55,6% и 45% (соответственно). При этом 33,3% всех
мужчин не готовы тратить деньги на свое лечение, более 75% женщин готовы потратить более 500 р/мес.
Основной проблемой здравоохранения респонденты считают «недостаточную ответственность
государства за здоровье человека» (50%) и «недостаточные усилия медицины по сохранению здоровья
людей» (30%). Лишь женщины I группы (60%) считают, что пациенты должны сами прилагать усилия
для сохранения своего здоровья.
Выводы. Несмотря на хорошую информированность респондентов о способах сохранения
здоровья, отмечается низкий комплайенс по отношению к соблюдению врачебных рекомендаций и
перекладывание ответственности за свое здоровье на государство и врачей.
ЯРКОВСКАЯ А.П.
ЗНАЧЕНИЕ ДУПЛЕКСНОГО СКАНИРОВАНИЯ
ЭКСТРАКРАНИАЛЬНЫХ АРТЕРИЙ В ВЫЯВЛЕНИИ
ЦЕРЕБРОВАСКУЛЯРНОЙ ПАТОЛОГИИ У БОЛЬНЫХ
ИНФАРКТОМ МИОКАРДА
Кафедра подготовки врачей первичного звена и скорой медицинской помощи ФППС
Кемеровская государственная медицинская академия, г. Кемерово
Научный руководитель – д.м.н., профессор Н.И. Тарасов
Цель исследования: определение распространенности стенотического поражения
экстракраниальных артерий у больных инфарктом миокарда без манифестных клинических
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проявлений церебровасулярной болезни с использованием метода цветного дуплексного
сканирования экстракраниальных артерий в виде скрининга
Материалы и методы
Обследовано 282 больных инфарктом миокарда, которым, кроме общепринятых
диагностических исследова ний в первые часы госпитализации выполняли коронарографию и
дуплексное сканирование экстракраниальных артерий
Результаты исследования и их обсуждение
Результаты исследования превзошли наши ожидания: У 235 из 282 пациентов (83,3%) выявлены
признаки сочетанного атеросклероза коронарных и брахиоцефальных артерий. При этом поражение
двух бассейнов артерий преобладало у мужчин (75,7% больных с сочетанным поражением составили
лица мужского пола). Одним из важнейших достижений в области кардионеврологии стало определение
атеросклероза как системного заболевания. При этом для атеросклероза сосудов головного мозга
характерны не только локальные изменения в виде бляшек с происходящими в них процессами, но и
гемодинамическая перестройка артерий на участках дистальнее атеросклеротических стенозов.
Однако практика и наш собственный опыт показывает, что эти изменения ишемического характера,
обусловленные, прежде всего, поражением брахиоцефальных артерий и развивающиеся на фоне
ишемической бол езни сердца, часто не диагностируются или недооцениваются.
Выводы. Ультразвуковые методы исследования сосудов (в частности сонных артерий) на наш
взгляд, должны получить большее распространение в клинической практике, с целью создания
необходимой информационной базы для формирования новых представлений о распространенности
кардиоцеребральной патологии и своевременной ее диагностики.
ЯРКОВСКАЯ А.П., ИСАКОВ Л.К., ВАТУТИН М.К.
РАСПРОСТРАНЕННОСТЬ ЦЕРЕБРАЛЬНОЙ ПАТОЛОГИИ У
БОЛЬНЫХ ИНФАРКТОМ МИОКАРДА ПОЖИЛОГО ВОЗРАСТА
Кафедра подготовки врачей первичного звена и скорой медицинской помощи ФППС
Кемеровская государственная медицинская академия, г. Кемерово
Научный руководитель – д.м.н., профессор Н.И. Тарасов
Цель исследования: Оценка распространенности и выраженности патологии сосудов
головного мозга у больных инфарктом миокарда пожилого возраста.
Материалы и методы
В течение года проведено обследование 875 пациентов инфарктом миокарда пожилого возраста.
Выраженность церебральной патологии определялась по Е.В.Шмидту (1985г)
Результаты исследования и их обсуждение
Выделено 4 группы больных:
1. Малосимптомная группа (6,4%),
2. Пациенты с дисциркуляторной энцефалопатией (61,1%).
3. Пациенты с транзиторной ишемической атакой в анамнезе (13,6%).
4. Пациенты с последствиями завершенного инсульта (18,9%).
Обращает на себя внимание незначительное количество пациентов без выраженного неврологического
дефицита (6,4%) у пациентов пожилого возраста. Большинство пациентов имели признаки
дисциркуляторной энцефалопатии различной степени выраженности. Патология коронарных артерий
часто сочетается с атеросклерозом церебральных артерий, а обострения коронарной болезни сердца
сопровождаются морфологическими изменениями атеросклеротических бляшек, обнаруженных в сонных
артериях. Особенно это актуально для больных пожилого возраста.
Выводы.
Результаты исследования свидетельствуют о значительной (более, чем в 90% случаев)
распространенности церебральной патологии у пациентов с обострением коронарной болезни сердца
пожилого возраста, и, следовательно, о недостаточном объеме проводимых мер первичной
профилактики кардиоцеребральных заболеваний в этой популяции. В связи с этим актуальность
своевременной диагностики и лечения церебральной патологии следует определять как
чрезвычайную, требующую концентрации усилий не только врачей-неврологов, но и усилий
специалистов разных профилей.
CHUYKOVA A.S, GULEVICH E.I
VACUUM EXTRACTION BY “KIWI” SYSTEM - OUTCOME OF CHILDBIRTH FOR A WOMAN
AND A FETUS
Department of Foreign Languages
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology#1
Supervisors: cand.philol.sci., assistant professor L.V.Gukina, assistant L.N.Petrich
Purpose: is to analyze the outcome of childbirth for a woman and a fetus through vacuum extraction
(VE) by KIWI system. The statistic analysis of 12 labors through vacuum extraction, neonatal development and
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its outcome for the period from July 27, 2010 till December 13, 2010 has been done in maternity hospital №3.
The basic group has been compared with physiological childbirth, caesarian operation and forceps operations.
All have been compared by medical social criteria. Literature review regarding this issue has been done as well.
Nine female patients in the basic group have birth injuries: there are 25% of perineal tear; 25% - vaginal
laceration; 8% - vulva laceration, 17% - cervical rupture and 83% - episiotomy. There has not been any post
partum complication. According to statistics birth injuries, when applying VE are more frequent than in
physiological childbirth, but they are more rare when applying forceps operations.
Three (25%) infants have been born in the basic group – with 7 points according to the Apgar score at
the 1st minute; 4 (34%) infants have 6 points; 2 (17%) infants have 5 points, 1 (8%) infants has 4 points, 1(8%)
infant has 2 points and 1 (8%) infant has 1 point.
At birth 4 (33%) infants have moderate asphyxia at childbirth, 9 (75%) infants have cerebral ischemia
and myeloischemia at the cervical level, 1 (8%) infant has cardio–distress syndrome, 2 (17%) infants have
cephalohematoma and 2(17%) infants are practically healthy.
All infants have been discharged with the improvement, the rehabilitation period has taken 6-8 days.
The risk of postpartum pathology of infants in applying VE is higher than at physiological childbirth,
but it is lower when applying obstetric forceps and caesarian operations.
Conclusion. The implementation of VE by “KIWI” system proves its advantage over forceps
operations as it reduces the risk labor injuries for a woman and postpartum pathologies in infants.
GERASIMOVA S.S.
APPLICATION OF ANTIBIOTICS IN OSTEOSYNTHESIS IN CHILDREN
Department of Foreign Languages
Department of Faculty Pediatrics and Neonatology
Kemerovo State Medical Academy, Kemerovo
Supervisors: MD, professor L.N.Igisheva, MD, professor S.I.Golovkin,
cand.philol.sci., assistant professor L.V.Gukina, senior lecturer L.V.Lichnaya
One of the main problems in osteosynthesis is postoperative purulent complications. Therefore today
the preventive maintenance in the preoperative period is problematic. Thus, a research objective was to
estimate rational choice of an antibacterial preparation in osteosynthesis in children.
Material and methods: 263 cases of children aged 3-16 years with isolated and polytrauma, treated
with osteosynthesis method were retrospectively analysed. Group I consisted of 241 patients who had undergone
intrabone surgery with metalloosteosynthesis during 1996-2009. In Group II 22 patients had also undergone
minor invasive intramedullar osteosynthesis procedure. In Group I 190 children (78,8 %) received
cephalosporins of the third generation (cefeperazon, ceftazidin); 15 children (6,2 %) - cephalosporins of the
second generation (cefurocsim); 16 children (6,63 %) - aminoglicozids (gentamycin, amikacin); 6 children
(2,5%) - lincozaminoglicans (lincomycin), 10 children (4,16%) - inhibitor protected aminopenicillin (ampicillin /
sulbaktam); 4 children (1,65 %) - ampicillin. The daily average dose of parenteral cephalosporins of the third
generation was 55mg/kg 2-3 times a day during 5-6 days that corresponds to a protocol of antibiotic therapy. In
Group II inhibitor protected aminopenicillin (ampicillin / sulbaktam) were applied under trade names «sultasin»,
«ampicid». Antibiotic was administered as preventive preparation 30-40 min. prior the operation and 1 day
postoperatively in a dose of 40mg/kg.
Results and discussion: The analysis of the received data showed that 3 children (1,2 %) in Group I had
contact osteomyelitis as a complication. The bacteriological test of the material taken from a wound revealed
staphyl. epider, staphyl. aureus, serraci marsc. that are highly sensitive to cephalosporins groups of I, II generations
and aminopenicillin. Therefore the application of cephalosporins of III generation and aminoglicozids is not rational
for the prevention of bacterial complications. In Group II complications were not revealed.
Conclusion: The protocol of surgical treatment of fractures should include cephalosporins of I and II
generations, inhibitor protected aminopenicillins as antibiotic prevention.
GONCHAROVA D.S.
STUDENTS’ ATTITUDE TO HEALTH
Department of Foreign Languages
Kemerovo State Medical Academy, Kemerovo
Supervisors: cand. philol.sci., assistant professor L.V.Gukina, lecturer V.N.Surina
Purpose: To study KemSMA students’ attitude to their own health as well as to modern medicine,
representatives of which they will become after the graduation.
At all the times, physical and mental health has always been the world's eternal value of a man and
society. Even in ancient times it was understood as the main condition for the free activity of a man and his
perfection by physicians and philosophers. Defined by the World Health Organization, health is not merely the
absence of diseases or infirmity but the state of complete social and spiritual well-being.
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Today especially urgent is the issue of students' health, because maintaining their health improves the
health of the nation, including reproductive health. This group is among the least socially protected because the
specificity of the age and learning process influence almost all organs and body systems. The problem sounds
more dramatic for medical students as future medical professionals whose duty should comprise providing health
care for people. But how can one help people if they cannot help themselves?
During the first years of study medical university students' health becomes worse: body mass index
increases, irregular meals and imbalanced diet also contribute to health problems as well as increased levels of
stress and depression make things much more worse. Unfortunately, the group of students who have chronic
diseases and need specialised medical care gradually enlarges. Self-esteem and life satisfaction are also found to
decrease during the first years.
Results: During the research the students were interviewed on several issues. After processing the
results, the following information was received: only 29% of students always care about their health; 28% of
students regularly go in for sports, and only 10% do not go in for sports at all. Only 17% of students have bad
habits. The most commonly bad habits are drinking alcohol and smoking. About 72% of respondents see a
physician in case of illness. Regular medical check-ups were taken by 65% of respondents. While 5% of students
responded that they consider their health excellent, and 38% - suppose to have good health.
Conclusion: Most students of KemSMA do care about their health. Medical students have adequate
medical activity. Bad habits such as smoking, alcohol consumption are, unfortunately, spread among students
and sports is very popular with KemSMA students. Many students evaluate their level of health as high.
GRIBANOV N.I.
ACUTE CERVICAL FRACTURES IN ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS
Department of Foreign Languages
Department of Traumatology, Orthopedics and Military Surgery
Kemerovo State Medical Academy, Kemerovo
Supervisors: MD, professor I.P. Ardashev, cand.philol.sci., assistant professor L.V.Gukina
Study design: A new technique for the management of traumatic cervical fracture in patients with chinon-chest deformity in ankylosing spondylitis is presented.
Objective: To present a new surgical technique for acute deformity correction through cervical
fractures in the setting of kyphotic deformities.
Background data: Cervicothoracic kyphotic deformity in ankylosing spondylitis is currently treated
with extension osteotomies. The surgeon manipulates the head to generate osteoclasis, temporarily producing an
unstable cervical fracture. Cervical fractures in ankylosing spondylitis are highly unstable and frequently
associated with neurologic compromise. Most reports describe either no reduction and fixation in situ or
reduction in preoperative traction followed by fixation.
Methods: A 60-year-old man with chronic ankylosing spondylitis and profound kyphotic deformity
suffered from traumatic lower cervical spine fracture. He was treated with an acute cervical spine extension
osteotomy through the fracture site using an anterior lengthening bar modification to a halo vest. The anterior
lengthening bar allows controlled extension of the neck without manual manipulation by the surgeon.
Results: In the patient presented a chin-brow angle of approximately 90o was corrected to
approximately 5o to 8o. No immediate or delayed complications were seen. After halo vest treatment for 3
months an excellent postural correction was obtained.
Conclusion: Surgical extension osteotomy in the lower cervical spine through the fracture site using the
anterior lengthening bar-halo extension brace seems to be a safe method for correcting spine flexion deformity in
ankylising spondylitis after traumatic fracture.
DANILOVICH A.I.
LIFE’S COLORS– HEALTH’S COLORS
Department of Foreign Languages
Kemerovo State Medical Academy, Kemerovo
Supervisor – cand. philol.sci., assistant professor L.V.Gukina
Purpose: To estimate how colors influence the people’s health.
Colors play an important role in people's life. Under the influence of a certain color blood pressure can
raise or drop, appetite increases. On rainy day we feel depressed and the world around seems unfriendly. Color
awakens an unconscious reaction that can vary depending on the personal characteristics. The color we like can
speak a lot about ourselves: our problems, fears, aspirations and so on. Taking care of their health people are
unaware that colors around influence greatly our physical and psychological state, some of them causing serious
diseases. Nowadays such colors as yellow, orange, pink, violet become fashionable. But young people wearing
clothes of these colors become more aggressive and irritable. In questionnaire 85% of students marked the
influence of color. Red actively helps overcome life's obstacles. It is effective for treating depression and
melancholia. Red causes anxiety, restlessness, nervous tension, so it is contraindicated to sanguine and choleric
people. After 10 min. red light illumination the labor productivity increases by 26% due to increase in muscle
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tension. It also increases hand grip by 2 times. But 25% of respondents marked red as an irritant. Blue color
relieves itching, irritation, increases perspiration, lowers fever and stimulates the epyphysis secreting melatonin
at night. To overcome depression one must get up at dawn. Blue softens the rude behavior, develops compassion
and promotes intellectual pursuits. Green normalizes homeostasis, stimulates the pituitary gland, gives
confidence and improves cardiac function. It has a beneficial effect in migraine, glaucoma, hypertension,
hysteria and insomnia and can be used for treatment of muscular dystrophy. It has bactericidal, disinfectant,
antiseptic effect. Blue is preferred by 26% of medical students. Yellow - the color of health - gives vitality, helps
melancholy, promotes the transmission of nerve impulses and is useful for nervous system disorders. Yellow
stimulates circulatory and lymphatic systems, enhances the activity of pancreas, intestines, and improves
immunity. It prevents depression, promotes intellectual activities, and brings together seven general emotional
moods. Lemon color affects chronic disease, contributes to cleaning the airways, affects the formation of bones
and teeth, stimulates brain function, the thymus gland, which is important to maintain immunity, growth. It
affects the speed of muscle contraction, energy distribution.
Conclusion: Thus, colors that surround us can exert influence not only on our mood but on different
physiological processes and health in general.
FILKOV A.G.
KNOWLEDGE OF SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS AMONG DIFFERENT SOCIAL
GROUPS OF POPULATION IN PROKOPIEVSK CITY
Department of Foreign Languages
Department of Dermatovenerology
Kemerovo State Medical Academy, Kemerovo
Supervisors: cand.med.sci., assistant professor A.S. Urbansky, cand.philol.sci., assistant professor L.V. Gukina
Objective: To estimate the level of knowledge of the population about sources, mechanisms, ways and
factors of transfer of sexually transmitted infections (STI) agents for optimization of sanitary and educational
work as preventive measures to decrease the incidence of socially significant infections.
Material and methods: Interviewing of 80 persons who have been divided in 4 peer groups according
to their social status: group I – pupils of 11th grades of an average comprehensive school, group 2 – the working
population, group 3 - pensioners, group 4 – persons without a certain residence. The questionnaire has been
developed independently and included 20 targeted questions. All data was processed by means of variation
statistics methods.
Results: Among schoolboys there is the lowest knowledge about sexually transmitted infections as 85%
of respondents do not know the mechanism and ways of transfer of the disease (р <0,01). Nobody of pupils
knew the agents of STI as well as factors and risk groups. Good knowledge about STI was shown by respondents
from groups 2 and 3. In 100 % of cases they knew the causative agents and infection sources; in 90 % of cases –
ways and the transfer mechanism; in 95 % of cases – preventive measures, including specific ones (р<0,001). In
a group of persons without a certain residence 40 % of respondents found it difficult to name the etiological
agent (р <0,05), but 95 % of them specified the danger of death caused by this infection, and 65 % - have been
informed on risk factors and preventive measures against STI (р <0,01).
Conclusion: Thus, the activities to improve sanitary awareness about sexually transmitted infections
should be undertaken first of all at comprehensive schools.
KAMLENOK K.V.
DANCING FOR HEALTH
Department of Foreign Languages
Kemerovo State Medical Academy, Kemerovo
Supervisor – cand. philol.sci., assistant professor L.V.Gukina
Purpose: To study the influence of Dancing on health and ways of this influence.
There are many benefits of dancing. Experts agree that dancing is a true sports and a valid form of
exercise. Dancing uses many muscles and burns calories. It can also help with cardiovascular conditioning.
Dancing can help lower your heart rate, blood pressure and cholesterol level. It can also help strengthen bones
and improving posture. Some use dancing as a form of rehabilitation after an injury or surgery. Dancing also
reduces stress and improves mood as well because endorphins are released during physical exertion. How many
calories will a person burn while dancing? That depends on the type of dancing: 235 calories/hour; ballet: 300;
salsa dancing: 420; aerobic dancing: 540; belly dancing: 380.
Dancing has been used as a form of therapy for patients with Parkinson's disease, diabetes, Attention
Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), depression. Dancing improves memory, multitasking abilities and
attention skills. Ballet works the legs, the toes and the arms. Jazz dance builds muscle tone, speeds up
metabolism and is a wonderful form of self-expression. Belly dancing helps with weight loss. Salsa dancing
improves strength, and the tango helps with meditation.
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Dancing may be a triple benefit for the brain. Not only does the physical aspect of dancing increase
blood flow to the brain, but also the social aspect of the activity leads to less stress, depression and loneliness.
Further, dancing requires memorizing steps and working with a partner, both of which provide mental challenges
that are crucial for brain health.
Dancing can reduce the risk of Alzheimer's disease and other forms of dementia in the elderly. One of the
surprises is that almost none of the physical activities appeared to offer any protection against dementia exept dancing.
Many kids with special needs have difficulty with motor skills. Dance movements emphasize all body
parts and the way they move. Children learn through dance therapy to move their arms, legs and bodies smoothly
and in a more coordinated way, improving motor skills.
According to the survey of 150 KemSMA students 73% have problems with backbone, 83% - believe
that dancing improves health, for 83% of respondents - dancing leads to less stress, 77% - feel themselves better
during dancing and for 93% - dancing is a good hobby.
Conclusion: Results of the research prove that dancing is now not only an important social activity but
also the effective way to improve health.
KUKSHINA M.A.
PREVENTION OF GASTRIC DISODERS CAUSED BY
STUDENTS' LIFESTYLE
Department of Foreign Languages
Kemerovo State Medical Academy, Kemerovo
Supervisors: cand. philol.sci., assistant professor L.V.Gukina, senior lecturer L.V.Lichnaya
Objectives: 1) To analyse the influence of the students' lifestyle (the regimen and dietary pattern, the
type of food, bad habits) on the origin of gastric disorders that lead to further gastric conditions and 2) To
discuss the means of prevention of stomach troubles.
Having intensive lifestyle students are not really aware of the consequences of their malnutrition. So
they often have fast food during lunch time, do not chew food properly. Eventually all these can cause
mechanical damage of the lining of the stomach. Moreover, too hot or too cold food results in gastritis that
occurs because of the thermal mucous coat damage. Besides, too spicy food causes irritation of the mucous
membrane of the stomach as well. Bad habits also play a dramatic role and lead to various gastric disorders, thus
causing a lot of health problems.
Nowadays, young generation does not even realize the crucial effect of this kind of a diet. During the
research a survey of 150 students - the first and second year students in the Kemerovo State Medical Academy was carried out. The survey shows that 72% of the students spend only 15 minutes for their meals. It has been
found that only 35% of all respondents have breakfast in the morning and 67% - do not have lunch time meals
that should usually consist of the starter, main course and dessert. About 50% - have dinner after 10 p.m., that,
firstly, disturbs night sleep and secondly, makes food to be much longer in the digestive system, thus causing
additional impairments in the mucous lining of the stomach. Among all respondents 32% smoke cigarettes, 23%
drink some alcohol containing beverages and 41% - do both. Besides, 66% of the students said that they suffer
from some digestive problems.
Conclusion: Try not to take too much food at a time. Make a dietary pattern for every meal. You should
not drink water during your meal because it dilutes the gastric juice and prolongs the process of digestion. Eat
more probiotic food that can perfectly renew organisms in the gut. At the same time, you should avoid the
yogurts containing plenty of food additives and sugar that irritate the mucous membrane of the stomach. Try to
relax during your meals, do not hurry up, and chew properly. Eat with pleasure. In case you have some problems
with digestion or some stomach aches visit your physician as soon as possible. Take care of your health.
KUTIKHIN A.G.
THE GREAT CANCER MYTHS
Department of Foreign Languages
Department of Epidemiology
Kemerovo State Medical Academy, Kemerovo
Supervisors: MD, professor E.B.Brusina, cand.philol.sci., assistant professor L.V.Gukina,
senior lecturer L.V.Lichnaya
Purpose: To describe some commonly held myths about agents that cause cancer.
Cancer is a dreadful disease. In most polls, it is the most feared disease of all. There are always debates
about what is or is not a human carcinogen. So, many of the substances known as carcinogens in public opinion
are not them at all. Firstly, it has been stated that radon is the second leading cause of lung cancer after cigarette
smoking. However, a significant amount of data does not support this claim of the association of radon exposure
in the home and lung cancer. Secondly, a smattering of reports from rodent studies have suggested some
associated risk between radiofrequency in the potential range of a cell phone’s Mhz and tumors, a range that
could damage DNA. Nevertheless, a number of human epidemiological and occupational exposure studies do
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not support any association of cell phone risk and cancer. Then, there have been some studies suggesting a link
between magnetic fields generated by electrical power lines and childhood leukemia. Notwithstanding, the
results of the comprehensive study conducted by National Cancer Institute investigators showed that the risk of
acute lymphoblastic leukemia (the most common malignancy of childhood) was not increased among children
who lived in homes with the highest exposure to magnetic fields. Recently, a rumor that armpit antiperspirants or
deodorants caused breast cancer was widely circulated on the Internet and picked up in the media. This is
another example of widely disseminated urban myth. Both the American Cancer Society and the National
Cancer Institute posted notices on their Web sites to assure the public that there is no scientific basis for this
rumor. Finally, some of the compounds used to disinfect water in urban drinking water systems are carcinogenic
at high doses at rodents. Thus, it was a hypothesis that they may be carcinogenic for humans as well. However,
this assumption is not likely to be true. The overall cancer risk due to disinfectants in drinking water is very
small and the risk-benefit ratio is very large.
Conclusion: Radon in the home, cell phones, magnetic fields, antiperspirants, deodorants, disinfectants in
drinking water, acrylamide in foods, alar, and saccharin are not carcinogens. People should not be afraid of them.
LIPOVA Yu.S.
AESTHETIC FACTOR IN DENTISTRY
Department of Foreign Languages
Kemerovo State Medical Academy, Kemerovo
Supervisors: cand. philol.sci., assistant professor L.V.Gukina, lecturer I.A.Khonina
Purpose: To show the importance of having a beautiful smile and healthy teeth.
A smile is a visiting card for everyone. It is true that smile helps people be more polite, happy and
attractive. Nowadays Swiss smile sets new standards for functional perfection and stylish product design. A
smile has mimic parameters which are connected with emotions and psychological health of a person.
Unfortunately, many people have got broken, crooked teeth or sometimes the teeth are missed. People tend to
have some bad habits in eating and drinking. Moreover, piercing the lips and the tongue brings serious traumas
to teeth and gums. Young people very often spoil healthy enamel by sticking twinkles and diamonds. However,
today cosmetic dentistry offers a wide range of dental procedures such as removing stubborn stains (teeth
whitening), correcting broken, crooked, or missing teeth with porcelain veneers or implants. More and more
young people need orthodontic treatment to improve the appearance of their teeth. «Invisible» or ceramic braces
are popular and effective as they are aesthetic. Good therapy is sure to be more important than decorations.
The results of the survey which was carried out among the students of our medical university showed
that 61% of them don’t consider their smiles as perfect; 33% - quite the contrary- do not doubt the beauty of own
smile, and 6%- are shy of their teeth and smile. To the question "Do you have any dental system anomalies?" a
little bit more than half respondents (57%) answered negatively, 30% - answered “yes” and 13% - didn’t think
about this question. Only 35% of respondents who have such anomalies will go to repair it, while 65% - will not.
About 27% of students are going to use expensive aesthetic braces, 37% of them - in the nearest future,
remaining 32% - are not planning, because they believe that such treatment is expensive for them. Twenty
percent of respondents have a lot of bad habits, which have a pernicious effect on the health of teeth; 73% - have
none, and 7% - are not aware of them. All junior students have not any decorations such as twinkles or
diamonds, and only 4% of them want to have them. About 49% of students go for a dental examination
irregularly; 37% - on the contrary, do it regularly (once every six months), and 14% - find it difficult to answer.
Conclusion: It is necessary to maintain the condition and function of your teeth with proper dental
hygiene and regular dental visits. Aesthetics of healthy smile can be achieved by high-tech dental technologies.
Healthy teeth are sure to make a healthy person.
MUKHINOVA E.S.
COLD-ACTIVATED BROWN ADIPOSE TISSUE
IN HEALTHY MEN
Department of Foreign Languages
Kemerovo State Medical Academy, Kemerovo
Supervisors: cand. philol.sci., assistant professor L.V.Gukina, MD, professor N.A.Barbarash
Purpose: To indicate that brown adipose tissue is important in the regulation of body weight. It is
possible that individual variation in adaptive thermogenesis can be attributed to variations in the amount or
activity of brown adipose tissue.
Until recently, the presence of brown adipose tissue was thought to be relevant only in small mammals
and infants, with negligible physiologic relevance in adult humans. Researches performed a systematic
examination of the presence, distribution, and activity of brown adipose tissue in lean and obese men during
exposure to cold temperature.
Methods: Researchers studied 24 healthy men —10 who were lean (BMI <25) and 14 who were overweight
or obese (BMI >25) — under thermoneutral conditions (22°C) and during mild cold exposure (16°C).
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Putative brown-adipose-tissue activity was determined with the use of integrated
18
F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography and computed tomography. Body composition and
energy expenditure were measured with the use of dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and indirect calorimetry.
Outcome: The activity was significantly lower in the overweight or obese subjects than in the lean
subjects (P=0.007). BMI and percentage of body fat both had significant negative correlations with brown
adipose tissue, whereas resting metabolic rate had a significant positive correlation.
Conclusion: The percentage of young men with brown adipose tissue is high, but its activity is reduced in
men who are overweight or obese. Brown adipose tissue may be metabolically important in men, and the fact that it
is reduced yet present in most overweight or obese subjects may make it a target for the treatment of obesity.
PEKARSKAYA E.V.
SOUND MIND AND HEALTHY BODY
Department of Foreign Languages
Kemerovo State Medical Academy, Kemerovo
Supervisors: cand. philol.sci., assistant professor L.V.Gukina, senior lecturer L.V.Lichnaya
Purpose: To make the review of available sources and analyse the attention that students pay to their
health and body.
We are all aware that to be able to relax, to have regular meals with good appetite, to enjoy walking or
visiting beauty salons and massage sessions depend on our abilities to care of ourselves. Why then some people
succeed in learning how to keep their body healthy and beautiful whereas others are doomed to reading some
useful articles but cannot make themselves apply them in life. Cautious and caring attitude to ourselves is the
basis for physical and emotional well-being. Many people do not pay proper attention or sometimes neglect the
body or even do harm with: poor diet, overstrain, bad habits etc. Students' life does not contribute to good health
either: lack of free time, a lot of in-door hours, fast food and stress of examinations and all kinds of tests. On the
other hand many students understand relaxation as doing nothing. So, they prefer to sleep, do some routine, even
useless work instead of some healthy activities.
To make research we surveyed about 150 2nd, 3d and 4th -year students of the Kemerovo state Medical
Academy. The survey findings showed that medical students enjoy: walking - 57%, running - 32%, fitness 20%, swimming - 19%, shopping (to relieve stress) - 12%. In addition 25% of respondents have regular meals,
25% - take vitamins and other preparations to support health and only 9% - pay no attention to their health.
The survey also found out that medical students think about their appearance as well, because sound
mind and healthy beautiful body are interrelated factors. As the questionnaire says: 32 % of students sometimes
visit beauty salons, and only 5 % of them visit them often. They prefer the following procedures: 61 % manicure, 51 % - various masks, 36 % - depilation, 36 % - pedicure, 29 % - massage, 19 % - are fans of solaria,
18 % - use cleanings, 13 % - peelings.
Conclusion: Among all respondents 60 % of medical students do not apply any special methods to
maintain beauty and health and only 40 % - are aware of their importance and use various procedures to care of
the body and keep emotional comfort. But still many young people apply classical, well-known, widely-used
sports, rational dieting, stress control and arrange their time properly. Be fine and protect the beauty!
PILYAVSKIKH L.N., ROMANENKO E.S.
CHOCOLATE – ENERGY OF LIFE
Department of Foreign Languages
Kemerovo State Medical Academy, Kemerovo
Supervisor – cand. philol.sci., assistant professor L.V.Gukina
Purpose: To investigate benefits of chocolate on human health.
Numerous scientific studies show that chocolate is a kind of nutritional food and is beneficial to human
health. There are many reasons for people to fell in love with chocolate. Can anyone believe that dark chocolate
can help with hypertension? And also chocolate will not fat you and can lower cholesterol level. Chocolate can
improve the protection of the teeth. High cocoa polyphenols rich chocolate 15 g three times daily improved
tiredness and activity in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome over a period of 8 weeks compared to simulated
iso-caloric chocolate. Consuming of dark chocolate rich in cocoa flavonoids is associated with marked beneficial
effect on endothelial performance of healthy subjects. This finding provides further insights into the favorable
effects of chocolate on cardiovascular system.
Material and methods of research:
We had studied scientific articles of foreign scientists on the issue "chocolate and health", Interviewing
among students of KemSMA to learn public opinion about chocolate, quality and quantity of its use,
We had made an experiment in which the volunteer ate one chocolate bar of three different kinds (white-,
milk- and bitter-chocolate ) a day within three weeks. The researcher estimated such parameters of health state as:
weight, memory state and skin. The mood and working capacity of the volunteer were also estimated.
Results and discussion: More than half of students who eat chocolate more often than once a week also
consider that chocolate is of use for health. The most popular is milk chocolate. But 56 % of respondents
consider that chocolate is at the bottom of excess weight.
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Results of our experiment have confirmed the fact that chocolate does not make a person get fat. The
volunteer has not only lost weight, but grew a little thinner. There were no evident problems with skin. The
mood and working capacity of the volunteer have also improved.
Conclusion: Chocolate is a harmless, useful dietary component for any person. It raises mood and
improves memory. Chocolate is effective in prevention and control of depression and is the vital source for
human life. But one should keep norm.
PURGIN E.V.
«ANTIBACTERIAL» ON THE LABEL - TO BUY OR NOT TO BUY?
Department of Foreign Languages
Kemerovo State Medical Academy, Kemerovo
Supervisor — cand. philol.sci., assistant professor L.V.Gukina
Purpose: To understand which products are better - antibacterial cleansers or a plain soap?
The active ingredient in most antibacterial products is triclosan, an antibacterial agent that kills bacteria
and inhibits bacterial growth. But triclosan does not only kill bacteria, it also has been shown to kill human cells.
Triclosan was introduced into consumer products in 1995, and its use has spread rapidly. Antibacterial
ingredients have become so prevalent in the United States that there are now antibacterial soaps, laundry
detergents, shampoos, toothpastes, body washes, dish soaps and many household cleaning products. Consumers
use these products because they have been marketed as an effective and necessary way to lower the risk of
infection. However, many scientists fear that the widespread use could lead to a strain of resistant bacteria, or
"superbugs," and cause the ingredients to lose effectiveness for the times when they really are needed.
In the study, published in the March 2, 2004 Annals of Internal Medicine, people who used antibacterial
soaps and cleansers developed cough, runny nose, sore throat, fever, vomiting, diarrhea and other symptoms just as often as people who used products that did not contain antibacterial ingredients. The researchers pointed
out that most of the symptoms experienced by the study participants are typically caused by viruses, which the
antibacterial soaps don’t protect against. And for the symptoms like vomiting and diarrhea, which may be caused
by bacteria, the people who used regular soaps had no greater risk than those who used antibacterial products.
Further, many medical professionals now accept the hygiene hypothesis, that centers on the idea that
children need to be exposed to some bacteria in early childhood in order to strengthen their immune systems.
Children who are not exposed to common bacteria, which are wiped out by antibacterial soap, may be more
prone to allergies and asthma.
The survey of 150 students of the Kemerovo State Medical Academy showed that 95% of students use
antibacterial products. Moreover, 81% of students are confident of its safety and 86% - prefer antibacterial soap
to a plain one, but 56% of students do not read about ingredients at the label.
Conclusion: The American Medical Association does not recommend antibacterial products. All you
need to use is a plain, aggressive chemicals-free soap that you can pick up in your local health food store, and
washing with plain soap and water will prevent you of the most dangerous bacteria.
SAMKO I. I.
SLEEP DISORDERS IN STUDENTS
Department of Foreign Languages
Kemerovo State Medical Academy, Kemerovo
Supervisor — cand. philol.sci., assistant professor L.V.Gukina
Purpose: Sleep disorders are very common nowadays, especially among students, being a result of the
typical lifestyle they live. But few people think that the quality of sleep affects the energy, emotional balance,
productivity and even health. The main purpose of this research is to identify the possible presence of sleep
disorders in students of KemSMA and to give possible recommendations to overcome this problem, as well as to
show the importance of sleep quality.
Student and sleep seem to have an antagonistic relationship. Mental and physical exercise, a lot of
homework and social life are doing so that the student’s life and problems with sleep now become the
synonymous. However, sleep problems break the rhythm of life, significantly reduce the activities efficiency and
produce discomfort. More over, a lack of sound sleep has a negative impact on energy, emotional balance and
health. Unfortunately, even a minimal loss of sleep takes a toll on mood and ability to withstand stress. Ignoring
sleep problems and disorders can lead to poor health and accidents.
What are the main symptoms of sleep problems? The major features of the possible presence of sleep
disorders are:
→irritability or sleepiness during the day
→difficulty in concentrating
→difficult to stay awake when you are sitting, watching TV or reading
→the desire to nap during the day
→use of a large number of caffeinated beverages to control sleepiness
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If there are any of the symptoms mentioned in the list above on a regular basis, it may be a sleep
disorder.
To make a research we have interviewed 150 junior students of medical, pediatric, dental faculties and
the faculty of preventive medicine. The review has showed that 88% of students feel constant sleepiness during
the day. About 87% - have the desire to nap during the day. Concentrating trouble are noted by 38% of
respondents and 30% - say that it is hard to stay awake during watching TV or reading.
Conclusion: The results showed that symptoms of sleep disorders are typical for students of our
academy. Information from various sources indicates the importance of healthy sleep for normal life and mental
activity. There is a strong evidence that to save student’s health, they should pay more attention to this problem.
SINELSHCHIKOVA V.S.
BENEFITS AND HARMS OF ENERGETIC DRINKS
Department of Foreign Languages
Kemerovo State Medical Academy, Kemerovo
Supervisor – cand. philol.sci., assistant professor L.V.Gukina
Purpose: To determine how useful or harmful as well as popular among the medical students'
community energy drinks are.
Energetic drinks are advertised worldwide. They are also available in stores anyplace. Energetic drinks
are marketed as the products to make us active and vigorous and sometimes promise the effects that are hard to
believe in. These claims are mostly advertising tricks. There is an idea that high quality green tea is more
refreshing than energetic drinks. Energetic drinks include various components but some ingredients are basic.
Each energetic drink contains some components that may lead to serious health problems. The question arises
whether energy drinks are safe. Most natural health professionals would say no.
Most energy drinks contain at least as much caffeine as a standard eight-ounce cup of coffee (~80mg).
To put it into perspective, a 12oz. soda contains 18-48mg of caffeine. In addition to large doses of caffeine,
energy drinks contain excessive amounts of sugar and legal herbal stimulants.
Children in school certainly do not need to consume any type of beverage that contains stimulants,
particularly when they are combined with sugar. Despite manufacturer claims to the contrary, marketing of
energy drinks is targeted at high school kids, and adults who are under 30 years of age.
Many young people might already be aware of the basic contents mentioned above, but still are not
exactly sure about the specific ingredients in energy drinks, and what effect those ingredients can have on their
body, for example, studies have implicated synthetic taurine in illnesses ranging from high blood pressure to
strokes and seizures to heart disease.
However, energy drinks are not all doom and gloom. There are some known positive side effects as
well. For instance, drinks that contain Echinacea are said to help bolster the immune system, while energy drinks
containing Ginkgo biloba and ginseng are thought to improve memory.
According to the survey of 150 medical students 66% of students do not use energetic drinks, 22% of
students marked the energetic effect felt, 11% of respondents marked evident negative effects (stomach and
abdominal aches, nausea and feeling of heart palpitation), about one-third of students use tea and 64% - use
coffee for cheer.
Conclusion: Energy drinks do more harm than good. Fortunately, more than half medical students do
not use them and give preference to natural drinks (tea, coffee and others) to feel rather energetic.
SHINKAREVA A.G.
INFLUENCE OF PHOBIAS ON YOUNG PEOPLE'S LIVES
Department of Foreign Languages
Kemerovo State Medical Academy, Kemerovo
Supervisors: cand. philol.sci., assistant professor L.V.Gukina, lecturer V.N.Surina
Purpose: To understand the nature of phobias, their kinds, methods of treatment, and define what
phobias prevail among students.
The term "phobia" results from Greek "phobos" and means fear or horror. Obtrusive fears (phobias) are
intensive and insuperable fear that embraces a patient, in spite of the fact that he understands the senselessness of
fear and attempts to manage it. Similarly, phobia is irrational and excessive fear of some object or situation.
The systematic study of phobias began in 1871, when Westphal described agoraphobia; he specified
that phobias emerged in consciousness of a man besides his will and cannot be arbitrarily "banished" from
(driven out of) his consciousness.
There are three types of phobias : 1. Social phobias are dread of social situations. 2. Agoraphobia is fear to
appear in a trap in an inevitable place or situation. 3. Specific phobias are fear of a certain object. There are four
main types of specific phobias: the natural environment, fear of animals, medical fears, and situation fears.
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