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Unit 13. Types of Cargoes 191

17. In the year 1620 a ship named Mayflower … 120 Englishmen to the rocky

coast of America.

a) has brought b) brought c) had brought

18. When Jim came out of the army he … what to do. a) is wondering b) has wondered c) was wondering

19. Those who couldn’t do it … TV or looking through the newspapers. a) were watching b) have watched c) are watching

20. By the sixteenth century a new economic system … feudalism. a) replaced b) was replacing c) had replaced

21. The war broke out in 1914. The European ruling classes … for it for 20 years. a) prepared b) had prepared c) had been preparing

22. He wondered if she … the article by noon. a) would be translating b) would translate c) would have translated

23. I found out that by the year 1997 she … at the University for 20 years. a) would have been working b) would have worked c) would be working

24. It … any more. Let’s have some fun on the lawn. a) does not rain b) is not raining c) has not rained d) did not rain

25. I taught Italian for my Master’s degree but now I … Chinese. a) will teach b) have taught c) am teaching d) teach

26. Your accent is not local. Where … come from? a) have you b) do you c) did you d) you

27. He … me flowers for my birthday. a) is always sending b) always sends c) had always send d) always sent

28. She … soup on her dress. Well, what do you expect from a child? a) is always spilling b) always spills c) has always spilt d) always spilt

29. I … the boss tomorrow morning. a) will see b) see c) am seeing d) will have seen

30. Why … so rude? a) you have been b) are you being c) do you behave d) you are

31. She … very hard before the exam and passed it. a) had studied b) did study c) was studying d) studied

32. The travel was very enjoyable. – Where … to? a) did you go b) have you gone c) were you going d) had you gone

33. After the party last night I … home. a) was walking b) walked

192 Section 4: Transport Organization

c) had walked d) have walked

34. Have you ever … a horse? a) ride b) rode c) rid d) ridden

35. I … Sandra for a long time. a) have known b) know c) am knowing d) have been knowing

36. It’s ages since he … shopping. I am beginning to worry. a) went b) was going c) had gone d) has gone

37. The Chinese … printing, not the Japanese. This invention is really great. a) have invented b) had invented c) invented d) were inventing

38. Sarah had left the club before I …. a) arrived b) had arrived c) was arriving d) have arrived

39. I … breakfast this morning and it has been such a long day. a) did not have b) have not had c) was not having d) had not had

40. I … my holiday in France. a) have always taken b) always take c) am always taking d) had always taken

41. After his mother … him, poor Tom was alone in the world. a) had abandoned b) abandoned c) has abandoned d) did abandon

42. Sally’s eyes were still red because she … onions. a) was peeling b) had been peeling c) has been peeling d) peeled

43. Walt Disney … his first cartoon film before 1928. a) had made b) has made c) made d) was making

Thesaurus 193

THESAURUS

abaft – ɜ ɤɨɪɦɨɜɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ, ɧɚ ɤɨɪɦɟ access – ɞɨɫɬɭɩ accommodate – ɩɪɢɫɩɨɫɚɛɥɢɜɚɬɶ accommodate vessels – ɜɦɟɳɚɬɶ,

ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɬɶ ɫɭɞɚ

accommodation – ɠɢɥɵɟ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ accomplish – ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɬɶ adherence – ɫɨɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɟ adjust – ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ, ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɬɶ adjustable – ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɟɦɵɣ advantage – ɩɪɟɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɨ aft – ɤɨɪɦɚ, ɤɨɪɦɨɜɨɣ, ɧɚ ɤɨɪɦɟ after – ɤɨɪɦɨɜɨɣ afterpeak – ɚɯɬɟɪɩɢɤ agency – ɜɟɞɨɦɫɬɜɨ, ɚɝɟɧɬɫɬɜɨ,

ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ

aircraft – ɫɚɦɨɥɟɬ, ɥɟɬɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬ

rotary wing ~ – ɜɢɧɬɨɤɪɵɥɵɣ

ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬ, ɜɟɪɬɨɥɟɬ

single-engine ~ – ɨɞɧɨɦɨɬɨɪɧɵɣ

ɫɚɦɨɥɟɬ

alight – ɫɯɨɞɢɬɶ, ɜɵɫɚɠɢɜɚɬɶɫɹ allotment – ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ (ɝɪɭɡɚ,

ɬɨɧɧɚɠɚ) amount – ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ, ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɚ, ɫɭɦɦɚ,

ɨɛɴɟɦ

anchor – ɹɤɨɪɶ; ɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶɫɹ ɧɚ ɹɤɨɪɶ angle – ɭɝɨɥ apart – ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɨ appropriate – ɩɨɞɯɨɞɹɳɢɣ aqueous – ɜɨɞɧɵɣ area – ɨɛɥɚɫɬɶ, ɫɮɟɪɚ; ɩɨɥɟ

airside ~ – ɥɟɬɧɨɟ ɩɨɥɟ (ɚɷɪɨɞɪɨɦ) landside ~ – ɧɚɡɟɦɧɵɣ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫ (ɚɷɪɨɜɨɤɡɚɥ)

arrange – ɭɫɬɪɚɢɜɚɬɶ, ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɵɜɚɬɶ arrival – ɩɪɢɛɵɬɢɟ ashore – ɧɚ ɛɟɪɟɝɭ athwartships – ɩɨɩɟɪɟɤ ɫɭɞɧɚ;

ɩɟɪɩɟɧɞɢɤɭɥɹɪɧɨ ɞɢɚɝɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ

ɩɥɨɫɤɨɫɬɢ ɫɭɞɧɚ

autoloader – ɚɜɬɨɩɨɝɪɭɡɱɢɤ autotruck – ɚɜɬɨɩɨɝɪɭɡɱɢɤ

bag – ɦɟɲɨɤ baggage – ɛɚɝɚɠ

bale – ɤɢɩɚ, ɬɸɤ bargain – ɫɞɟɥɤɚ barge – ɛɚɪɠɚ barrel – ɛɨɱɤɚ batten – ɩɥɚɧɤɚ, ɛɪɭɫɨɤ; ɡɚɞɪɚɢɜɚɬɶ battens – ɛɚɬɟɧɫɵ bay – ɛɭɯɬɚ, ɝɭɛɚ, ɡɚɥɢɜ be available – ɛɵɬɶ ɜ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɢ beam – ɛɢɦɫ, ɲɢɪɢɧɚ (ɫɭɞɧɚ) berth – ɩɪɢɱɚɥ bill of lading – ɤɨɧɨɫɚɦɟɧɬ binding – ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ board – ɛɨɪɬ, ɞɨɫɤɚ Board – ɋɨɜɟɬ boardroom – ɡɚɥ ɡɚɫɟɞɚɧɢɹ ɋɨɜɟɬɚ ɞɢɪɟɤ-

ɬɨɪɨɜ

body – ɤɨɪɩɭɫ ɫɭɞɧɚ underwater ~ – ɩɨɞɜɨɞɧɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɶ

bog – ɬɨɧɭɬɶ, ɭɜɹɡɚɬɶ; ɛɨɥɨɬɨ, ɬɪɹɫɢɧɚ boiler – ɤɨɬɟɥ bottom – ɞɧɨ, ɞɧɢɳɟ bound – ɝɪɚɧɢɰɚ bow – ɧɨɫ ɫɭɞɧɚ brake – ɬɨɪɦɨɡ breadth – ɲɢɪɢɧɚ breakdown – ɩɨɥɧɵɣ ɭɩɚɞɨɤ ɫɢɥ breakwater – ɜɨɥɧɨɥɨɦ bridge – ɦɨɫɬ

foot ~ – ɩɟɲɟɯɨɞɧɵɣ ɦɨɫɬɢɤ navigation ~ – ɲɬɭɪɦɚɧɫɤɢɣ

bulb – ɜɵɩɭɤɥɨɫɬɶ, ɛɭɥɶɛɚ bulbous – ɛɭɥɶɛɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɵɣ bulk cargo – ɧɚɫɵɩɧɨɣ (ɧɚɜɚɥɨɱɧɵɣ) ɝɪɭɡ bulker – ɫɭɞɧɨ ɞɥɹ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɤɢ ɧɚɜɚɥɨɱɧɵɯ

ɝɪɭɡɨɜ

bulkhead – ɩɟɪɟɛɨɪɤɚ burnout – ɢɫɬɨɳɟɧɢɟ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɢ

ɞɭɯɨɜɧɵɯ ɫɢɥ

cable – ɤɚɧɚɬ, ɬɪɨɫ capacity – ɜɦɟɫɬɢɦɨɫɬɶ, ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ

lifting ~ – ɝɪɭɡɨɩɨɞɴɟɦɧɨɫɬɶ

car – ɜɚɝɨɧ cargo – ɝɪɭɡ

~ handling machinery – ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɵ

~ officials – ɥɢɰɚ, ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɡɚ

ɞɢɪɟɤɬɨɪɨɜ

ɤɨɪɩɭɫɚ

ɦɨɫɬɢɤ

ɞɥɹ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɝɪɭɡɚ

ɝɪɭɡɨɜɵɟ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɢ

194 Thesaurus

~ production unit – ɝɪɭɡɨɜɨɟ

ɯɨɡɹɣɫɬɜɨ

~ space – ɝɪɭɡɨɜɨɟ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɟ bagged ~ – ɝɪɭɡ ɜ ɦɟɲɤɚɯ baled ~ – ɝɪɭɡ ɜ ɤɢɩɚɯ bulk ~ – ɧɚɫɵɩɧɨɣ, ɧɚɜɚɥɨɱɧɵɣ

ɝɪɭɡ

bulky ~ – ɤɪɭɩɧɨɝɚɛɚɪɢɬɧɵɣ ɝɪɭɡ drummed ~ – ɝɪɭɡ ɜ ɠɟɥɟɡɧɵɯ

ɛɨɱɤɚɯ

flowing ~ – ɫɵɩɭɱɢɣ ɝɪɭɡ general ~ – ɝɟɧɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɝɪɭɡ heavy lift ~ – ɬɹɠɟɥɨɜɟɫɧɵɣ ɝɪɭɡ officer ~ – ɝɪɭɡɨɜɨɣ ɩɨɦɨɳɧɢɤ ordinary ~ – ɨɛɵɱɧɵɣ ɝɪɭɡ oversized ~ – ɧɟɝɚɛɚɪɢɬɧɵɣ (ɩɨ

ɪɚɡɦɟɪɚɦ) ɝɪɭɡ

overweight ~ – ɧɟɝɚɛɚɪɢɬɧɵɣ (ɩɨ

ɜɟɫɭ) ɝɪɭɡ palletized ~ – ɝɪɭɡ ɧɚ ɩɚɥɥɟɬɚɯ piece ~ – ɝɪɭɡɨɜɨɟ ɦɟɫɬɨ project ~ – ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɝɪɭɡ

cargoport – ɥɚɰɩɨɪɬ carriage – ɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɤɚ carrier – ɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɱɢɤ cart – ɩɨɜɨɡɤɚ cask – ɛɨɱɨɧɨɤ cast iron – ɱɭɝɭɧ cell – ɹɱɟɣɤɚ cellular – ɹɱɟɢɫɬɵɣ challenging – ɦɧɨɝɨɨɛɟɳɚɸɳɢɣ,

ɬɪɟɛɭɸɳɢɣ ɫɢɥ

charge – ɩɥɚɬɚ; ɝɪɭɡɢɬɶ, ɡɚɝɪɭɠɚɬɶ free of ~ – ɛɟɫɩɥɚɬɧɨ to be in ~ of – ɜɨɡɝɥɚɜɥɹɬɶ ɱɬɨ-

ɥɢɛɨ, ɛɵɬɶ ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦ;

ɜɡɢɦɚɬɶ ɩɥɚɬɭ

charter – ɮɪɚɯɬɨɜɚɬɶ charter Party – ɱɚɪɬɟɪ (ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪ

ɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɤɟ)

charterer – ɮɪɚɯɬɨɜɚɬɟɥɶ chartering – ɮɪɚɯɬɨɜɚɧɢɟ claim – ɩɪɟɬɟɧɡɢɹ clearance – ɡɚɡɨɪ, ɩɪɨɦɟɠɭɬɨɤ;

ɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɢɟ (ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɚ)

coating – ɩɨɤɪɵɬɢɟ collar – ɜɨɪɨɬɧɢɤ collier – ɭɝɥɟɤɨɩ, ɲɚɯɬɟɪ commencement – ɧɚɱɚɥɨ combustible – ɝɨɪɸɱɢɣ,

ɜɨɫɩɥɚɦɟɧɹɸɳɢɣɫɹ

combustion – ɜɨɫɩɥɚɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ

compartment – ɨɬɫɟɤ water tight ~ – ɜɨɞɨɧɟɩɪɨɧɢɰɚɟɦɵɣ

ɨɬɫɟɤ

comprise – ɜɤɥɸɱɚɬɶ concourse – ɝɥɚɜɧɵɣ ɜɟɫɬɢɛɸɥɶ ɜɨɤɡɚɥɚ connection – ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɟ consign – ɨɬɩɪɚɜɥɹɬɶ consignee – ɝɪɭɡɨɩɨɥɭɱɚɬɟɥɶ consignment – ɩɚɪɬɢɹ ɝɪɭɡɨɜ consumption – ɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɟ;

ɩɨɬɪɟɛɢɬɟɥɶɫɤɢɣ

fuel ~ – ɪɚɫɯɨɞ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ

controller – ɞɢɫɩɟɬɱɟɪ convey – ɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɢɬɶ corrosion – ɪɠɚɜɱɢɧɚ corrosive – ɪɠɚɜɵɣ, ɪɚɡɴɟɞɚɸɳɢɣ cost – ɫɬɨɢɦɨɫɬɶ costs – ɪɚɫɯɨɞɵ

operating ~ = running ~ – ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚ-

ɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɵ

covering hatch – ɤɪɵɲɤɚ cranage – ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɤɪɚɧɨɦ, ɩɥɚɬɚ ɡɚ

ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɤɪɚɧɨɦ

crane – ɤɪɚɧ automatic grab ~ – ɤɪɚɧ ɫ

ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɡɚɯɜɚɬɨɦ

bridge ~ – ɦɨɫɬɨɜɨɣ ɤɪɚɧ gantry ~ – ɩɨɪɬɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɤɪɚɧ grab ~ – ɝɪɟɣɞɟɪɧɵɣ ɤɪɚɧ jib ~ – ɫɬɪɟɥɨɜɨɣ ɤɪɚɧ

crew – ɷɤɢɩɚɠ crewman – ɱɥɟɧ ɫɭɞɨɜɨɝɨ ɷɤɢɩɚɠɚ customs – ɬɚɦɨɠɧɹ

damage – ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɚɬɶ, ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɟ,

ɭɳɟɪɛ

damp – ɫɵɪɨɣ, ɜɥɚɠɧɵɣ dampness – ɫɵɪɨɫɬɶ, ɜɥɚɠɧɨɫɬɶ danger – ɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶ dangerous – ɨɩɚɫɧɵɣ deadweight – ɞɟɞɜɟɣɬ (ɨɫɚɞɤɚ ɫɭɞɧɚ) deal – ɫɞɟɥɤɚ; ɢɦɟɬɶ ɞɟɥɨ ɫ ɱɟɦ-ɥɢɛɨ deck – ɩɚɥɭɛɚ

weather ~ – ɨɬɤɪɵɬɚɹ ɢɥɢ ɜɟɪɯɧɹɹ

ɩɚɥɭɛɚ

decline – ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɬɶɫɹ, ɫɩɚɞɚɬɶ decrease – ɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɟ, ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɬɶ(ɫɹ) deep – ɝɥɭɛɨɤɢɣ delay – ɡɚɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɬɶ, ɡɚɦɟɞɥɹɬɶ deliverance – ɞɨɫɬɚɜɤɚ

ɝɪɭɡɨɜɨɝɨ ɥɸɤɚ

Thesaurus 195

delivery – ɞɨɫɬɚɜɤɚ, ɫɞɚɱɚ, ɩɨɫɬɚɜɤɚ demand – ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɟ density – ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɶ department – ɨɬɞɟɥ, ɫɥɭɠɛɚ departure – ɨɬɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ, ɨɬɛɵɬɢɟ depot – ɞɟɩɨ, ɛɚɡɚ depth – ɝɥɭɛɢɧɚ, ɜɵɫɨɬɚ deputy – ɡɚɦɟɫɬɢɬɟɥɶ derrick – ɝɪɭɡɨɜɚɹ ɫɬɪɟɥɚ

heavy duty ~ = heavy-lift ~ = jumbo – ɬɹɠɟɥɨɜɟɫɧɚɹ ɫɬɪɟɥɚ

description – ɩɟɪɟɱɟɧɶ, ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ designation – ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ develop – ɪɚɡɜɢɜɚɬɶ, ɪɚɡɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɬɶ development – ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ, ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ disadvantage – ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɤ disaster – ɤɚɬɚɫɬɪɨɮɚ discharge – ɪɚɡɝɪɭɠɚɬɶ, ɜɵɝɪɭɠɚɬɶ design – ɪɚɡɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɬɶ, ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ distinguish – ɪɚɡɥɢɱɚɬɶ dock – ɞɨɤ

dry ~ – ɫɭɯɨɣ ɞɨɤ floating ~ – ɩɥɚɜɭɱɢɣ ɞɨɤ harbour ~ – ɞɨɤ ɜ ɝɚɜɚɧɢ repair ~ – ɪɟɦɨɧɬɧɵɣ ɞɨɤ shipbuilding ~ – ɫɭɞɨɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ

ɞɨɤ

domestic – ɞɨɦɚɲɧɢɣ; ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɣ downshifting – ɞɚɭɧɲɢɮɬɢɧɝ (ɫɦɟɧɚ

ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨ ɩɨɥɧɨɣ ɫɬɪɟɫɫɚ ɤɚɪɶɟɪɵ ɧɚ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɫɩɨɤɨɣɧɵɣ, ɯɨɬɹ ɢ ɫ ɦɟɧɶɲɢɦɢ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ ɨɛɪɚɡ ɠɢɡɧɢ)

drain – ɫɬɟɤɚɬɶ, ɨɫɭɲɚɬɶ drag – ɬɚɳɢɬɶ draught marks – ɦɚɪɤɢ ɭɝɥɭɛɥɟɧɢɹ draw (drew, drawn) – ɬɚɳɢɬɶ, ɜɨɥɨɱɢɬɶ draw up – ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɬɶ drilling – ɛɭɪɟɧɢɟ duties – ɩɨɲɥɢɧɵ durability – ɞɨɥɝɨɜɟɱɧɨɫɬɶ

elevator – ɷɥɟɜɚɬɨɪ, ɝɪɭɡɨɩɨɞɴɟɦɧɢɤ,

ɥɢɮɬ

employee – ɫɥɭɠɚɳɢɣ empty – ɩɨɪɨɠɧɢɣ; ɨɩɨɪɨɠɧɹɬɶ encourage – ɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶ; ɩɨɨɳɪɹɬɶ endurance – ɜɵɧɨɫɥɢɜɨɫɬɶ engine – ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶ

ɩɪɢɜɥɟɤɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ, ɧɨ

~ room – ɦɨɬɨɪɧɨɟ ɨɬɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ conventional ~ – ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɧɵɣ

ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶ

multi cylinder ~ – ɦɧɨɝɨɰɢɥɢɧɞɪɨ-

ɜɵɣ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶ

reciprocating ~ – ɩɨɪɲɧɟɜɨɣ

ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶ

ensure – ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɬɶ enterprise – ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɟ entertainment – ɪɚɡɜɥɟɱɟɧɢɟ entry – ɡɚɩɢɫɶ; ɜɯɨɞ exchange – ɨɛɦɟɧ

air ~ – ɜɨɡɞɭɯɨɨɛɦɟɧ

expenditure – ɪɚɫɯɨɞ expose – ɩɨɞɜɟɪɝɚɬɶ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɸ explosion – ɜɡɪɵɜ explosive – ɜɡɪɵɜɱɚɬɵɣ extend – ɪɚɫɲɢɪɹɬɶ

eight – ɬɹɠɟɥɨɜɟɫ

extraw

facilitate – ɨɛɥɟɝɱɚɬɶ facility – ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨ; ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ,

ɩɪɢɫɩɨɫɨɛɥɟɧɢɟ

dockside ~ – ɩɨɪɬɨɜɨɟ

ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ

fertilizer – ɭɞɨɛɪɟɧɢɟ fix – ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɬɶ, ɩɪɢɤɪɟɩɥɹɬɶ flatten – ɜɵɪɚɜɧɢɜɚɬɶ float – ɩɥɚɜɚɬɶ float on / in (off) – ɜɜɨɞɢɬɶ (ɜɵɜɨɞɢɬɶ) ɜ

ɬɪɸɦ ɞɨɤɚ

floating – ɩɥɚɜɭɱɢɣ flow – ɬɟɱɶ, ɩɨɬɨɤ fluid – ɠɢɞɤɢɣ fodder – ɤɨɪɦ ɞɥɹ ɫɤɨɬɚ, ɮɭɪɚɠ fore – ɧɨɫɨɜɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɶ, ɧɨɫ ɫɭɞɧɚ; ɜɩɟɪɟɞɢ,

ɜ ɧɨɫɨɜɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ

forecastle – ɛɚɤ raised ~ – ɜɨɡɜɵɲɟɧɧɵɣ ɛɚɤ

foreman – ɛɪɢɝɚɞɢɪ ɝɪɭɡɱɢɤɨɜ foremost – ɩɟɪɟɞɧɢɣ, ɧɨɫɨɜɨɣ forepeak – ɮɨɪɩɢɤ foreward – ɧɨɫɨɜɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɶ; ɧɨɫɨɜɨɣ;

ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɹɬɶ; ɜɩɟɪɟɞɢ, ɜɩɟɪɟɞ

forwarding – ɩɟɪɟɩɪɚɜɤɚ

~ operations – ɷɤɫɩɟɞɢɬɨɪɫɤɢɟ

ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɢ

~ services – ɷɤɫɩɟɞɢɬɨɪɫɤɢɟ ɭɫɥɭɝɢ

196 Thesaurus

frame – ɲɩɚɧɝɨɭɬ (ɥɢɧɢɹ, ɞɟɥɹɳɚɹ ɫɭɞɧɨ

ɩɨɩɨɥɚɦ); ɧɚɛɨɪ (ɤɨɪɩɭɫɚ ɫɭɞɧɚ), ɪɚɦɚ (ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɹ)

freeboard – ɧɚɞɜɨɞɧɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɫɭɞɧɚ freight – ɮɪɚɯɬ, ɝɪɭɡ, ɝɪɭɡɨɜɨɣ frequency – ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚ fresh – ɩɪɟɫɧɵɣ (ɨɜɨɞɟ) fuel – ɬɨɩɥɢɜɨ, ɝɨɪɸɱɟɟ; ɫɧɚɛɠɚɬɶ

ɬɨɩɥɢɜɨɦ

~ oil – ɠɢɞɤɨɟ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɨ, ɦɚɡɭɬ ~ consumption – ɪɚɫɯɨɞ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ

gain – ɩɪɢɛɵɥɶ, ɞɨɯɨɞ; ɩɨɥɭɱɚɬɶ gang – ɛɪɢɝɚɞɚ

~ foreman – ɛɪɢɝɚɞɢɪ gear – ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ cargo ~ – ɝɪɭɡɨɜɨɟ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ lifting ~ – ɩɨɞɴɟɦɧɵɣ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦ

gearless – ɛɟɡ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɨɜ glider – ɩɥɚɧɟɪ goal – ɰɟɥɶ go-slow – ɡɚɦɟɞɥɟɧɢɟ ɬɟɦɩɨɜ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ grain – ɡɟɪɧɨ grid – ɪɟɲɟɬɤɚ, “ɝɪɟɛɟɧɤɚ” guarantee – ɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ guidance – ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ gunpowder – ɱɟɪɧɵɣ ɩɨɪɨɯ gypsum – ɝɢɩɫ

hot air balloon – ɜɨɡɞɭɲɧɵɣ ɲɚɪ ɫ

ɜɵɫɨɤɢɦ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ

hull – ɤɨɪɩɭɫ ɫɭɞɧɚ

ignite – ɜɨɫɩɥɚɦɟɧɹɬɶɫɹ, ɡɚɠɢɝɚɬɶɫɹ ignition – ɝɨɪɟɧɢɟ impact – ɭɩɥɨɬɧɹɬɶ; ɫɬɨɥɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɟ implement – ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɬɶ improve – ɭɥɭɱɲɚɬɶ, ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶ inaccessible – ɧɟɞɨɫɬ inch – ɞɸɣɦ inclination – ɭɤɥɨɧ, ɫɤɚɬ incline – ɧɚɤɥɨɧɹɬɶ incur costs – ɧɟɫɬɢ ɢɡɞɟɪɠɤɢ induce – ɩɨɪɨɠɞɚɬɶ, ɜɵɧɭɠɞɚɬɶ inflammable – ɥɟɝɤɨɜɨɫɩɥɚɦɟɧɹɸɳɢɣɫɹ inflammables – ɝɨɪɸɱɢɟ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ;

ɨɝɧɟɨɩɚɫɧɵɟ (ɝɪɭɡɵ)

injury – ɭɳɟɪɛ, ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɟ inland – ɭɞɚɥɟɧɧɵɣ ɨɬ ɦɨɪɹ installation – ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ

port ~ – ɩɨɪɬɨɜɨɟ ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɟ

intend – ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɚɬɶ interaction – ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ intermodal operations – ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɢ,

ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɦɵɟ ɫɦɟɠɧɵɦɢ

(ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɦɢ) ɜɢɞɚɦɢ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɚ involve – ɜɨɜɥɟɤɚɬɶ, ɜɤɥɸɱɚɬɶ

ɭɩɧɵɣ

haggle – ɬɨɪɝɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ handling – ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ, ɩɨɝɪɭ harbour – ɝɚɜɚɧɶ

~ master – ɤɚɩɢɬɚɧ ɩɨɪɬɚ

hatch – ɥɸɤ haul – ɛɭɤɫɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ, ɬɹɧɭɬɶ head office = headquarter – ɝɥɚɜɧɵɣ ɨɮɢɫ heavy-lift = heavy-weight – ɬɹɠɟɥɨɜɟɫ heel – ɤɪɟɧ, ɧɚɤɥɨɧɹɬɶ(ɫɹ) heliplane – ɤɨɧɜɟɪɬɨɩɥɚɧ hermetically – ɝɟɪɦɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ hire – ɧɚɟɦ, ɚɪɟɧɞɚ hitch – ɫɤɪɟɩɥɹɬɶ hold – ɬɪɸɦ halt – ɩɥɚɬɮɨɪɦɚ, ɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ horse-drawn – ɧɚ ɤɨɧɧɨɣ ɬɹɝɟ horse-trading – ɨɛɫɭɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ

ɫɞɟɥɤɢ, ɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɚɟɦɨɟ ɜɡɚɢɦɧɵɦɢ ɭɫɬɭɩɤɚɦɢ

ɡɤɚ

jet – ɪɟɚɤɬɢɜɧɵɣ jetty – ɦɨɥ, ɩɪɢɫɬɚɧɶ

kite – ɜɨɡɞɭɲɧɵɣ ɡɦɟɣ knot – ɭɡɟɥ

lack – ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɤ, ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟ landside – ɧɚɡɟɦɧɵɣ launch – ɫɩɭɫɤɚɬɶ ɧɚ ɜɨɞɭ layout – ɩɥɚɧ, ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ, ɤɨɦɩɨɧɨɜɤɚ leak – ɬɟɱɶ, ɩɪɨɬɟɤɚɬɶ leakage – ɬɟɱɶ, ɭɬ leaky – ɢɦɟɸɳɢɣ ɬɟɱɶ lengthy – ɞɥɢɧɧɨɦɟɪɧɵɣ lessen – ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɬɶ, ɨɫɥɚɛɥɹɬɶ

ɟɱɤɚ

Thesaurus 197

level – ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ lighter – ɥɢɯɬɟɪ lighterage – ɪɚɡɝɪɭɡɤɚ ɢɥɢ ɩɨɝɪɭɡɤɚ ɫɭɞɨɜ

ɥɢɯɬɟɪɚɦɢ; ɩɥɚɬɚ ɡɚ ɪɚɡɝɪɭɡɤɭ ɢɥɢ ɩɨɝɪɭɡɤɭ ɥɢɯɬɟɪɚɦɢ

liquefy – ɫɠɢɠɚɬɶ(ɫɹ), ɩɪɟɜɪɚɳɚɬɶ(ɫɹ) ɜ

ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɶ

list – ɤɪɟɧ load – ɝɪɭɡ, ɝɪɭɡɢɬɶ loader – ɩɨɝɪɭɡɱɢɤ

side ~ – ɩɨɝɪɭɡɱɢɤ ɫ ɛɨɤɨɜɵɦ

ɡɚɯɜɚɬɨɦ

loadline – ɝɪɭɡɨɜɚɹ ɜɚɬɟɪɥɢɧɢɹ location – ɦɟɫɬɨɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ lock – ɲɥɸɡ, ɩɥɨɬɢɧɚ log – ɛɪɟɜɧɨ lorry – ɝɪɭɡɨɜɢɤ lot – ɩɚɪɬɢɹ ɝɪɭɡɚ lubricant – ɫɦɚɡɨɱɧɵɣ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥ lubricate – ɫɦɚɡɵɜɚɬɶ luggage – ɛɚɝɚɠ

macadam – ɳɟɛɟɧɶ machinery – ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɵ, ɦɚɲɢɧɵ maintain – ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɬɶ maintance – ɭɯɨɞ, ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ (ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡ-

ɦɨɜ), ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɹ

make decision – ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɬɶ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɟ manpower (by) – ɜɪɭɱɧɭɸ marine – ɦɨɪɫɤɨɣ maritime – ɦɨɪɫɤɨɣ mast – ɦɚɱɬɚ master – ɤ medieval – ɫɪɟɞɧɟɜɟɤɨɜɵɣ means – ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨ merchant – ɬɨɪɝɨɜɵɣ midships – ɫɟɪɟɞɢɧɚ ɫɭɞɧɚ mode – ɮɨɪɦɚ, ɜɢɞ

non-motorized – ɧɟɦɨɬɨɪɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ

moist – ɜɥɚɠɧɵɣ moisture – ɫɵɪɨɣ monitoring – ɩɪɨɜɟɪɤɚ

nature – ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ ɝɪɭɡɚ; ɩɪɢɪɨɞɚ;

navigate – ɭɩɪɚɜɥɹɬɶ ɫɭɞɧɨɦ navigation – ɧɚɜɢɝɚɰɢɹ navigator – ɫɭɞɨɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɶ

ɚɩɢɬɚɧ

ɩɪɢɪɨɞɧɵɣ, ɟɫɬɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ

net – ɫɟɬɶ

objective – ɰɟɥɶ, ɡɚɞɚɱɚ obtain – ɩɨɥɭɱɚɬɶ odour – ɡɚɩɚɯ offshore structure – ɦɨɪɫɤɨɟ ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɟ

ɜ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɨɦ ɦɨɪɟ

oil – ɧɟɮɬɶ crude ~ – ɧɟɮɬɶ-ɫɵɪɟɰ

opening – ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɟ open-plan office – ɨɮɢɫ ɫ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɨɣ

ɩɥɚɧɢɪɨɜɤɨɣ

ore – ɪɭɞɚ overtime ban – ɡɚɩɪɟɬ ɧɚ ɫɜɟɪɯɭɪɨɱɧɭɸ

ɪɚɛɨɬɭ

overwhelm – ɡɚɜɚɥɢɜɚɬɶ, ɡɚɝɪɭɠɚɬɶ

package – ɦɟɫɬɨ (ɝɪɭ pallet – ɩɨɞɞɨɧ, ɩɚɥɥɟɬ, ɩɨɞɫɬɢɥɤɚ parking lot – ɦɟɫɬɨ ɫɬɨɹɧɤɢ party – ɫɬɨɪɨɧɚ (ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɚ, ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ)

~ concerned – ɡɚɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɨɜɚɧɧɚɹ

passage – ɩɪɨɯɨɞ pave – ɦɨɫɬɢɬɶ, ɜɵɫɬɢɥɚɬɶ payroll – ɩɥɚɬɟɠɧɚɹ ɜɟɞɨɦɨɫɬɶ performance – ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ permanent – ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɵɣ

~ housing – ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɵɟ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɣɤɢ

personnel – ɲɬɚɬ, ɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɥ pier – ɩɢɪɫ pilot – ɥɨɰɦɚɧ; ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬɶ ɫɭɞɧɨ pilotage – ɥɨɰɦɚɧɫɤɨɟ ɞɟɥɨ,

ɩɢɥɨɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ

pipeline – ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞ plate – ɥɢɫɬ, ɩɥɚɫɬɢɧɚ plating – ɨɛɲɢɜɤɚ, ɥɢɫɬɵ, ɩɥɢɬɵ pollution – ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɟ poop – ɤɨɪɦɚ, ɸɬ port – ɩɨɪɬ, ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɟ

~ basin – ɚɤɜɚɬɨɪɢɹ ɩɨɪɬɚ ~ of call – ɩɨɪɬ ɡɚɯɨɞɚ ~ of arrival – ɩɨɪɬ ɩɪɢɛɵɬɢɹ ~ of departure – ɩɨɪɬ ɨɬɯɨɞɚ side ~ – ɥɚɰ

portside – ɥɟɜɵɣ ɛɨɪɬ post – ɫɬɨɣɤɚ, ɦɚɱɬɚ power – ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬɶ ɜ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɟ

ɡɚ), ɩɚɤɟɬ

ɫɬɨɪɨɧɚ

ɩɨɪɬ

198 Thesaurus

precast – ɫɛɨɪɧɵɣ (ɨ ɠɟɥɟɡɨɛɟɬɨɧɟ) prestressed – ɩɪɟɞɜɚɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ

ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɧɵɣ (ɨ ɛɟɬɨɧɟ)

project – ɜɵɫɬɭɩɚɬɶ; ɪɚɡɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɬɶ,

ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ

proof – ɧɟɩɪɨɧɢɰɚɟɦɵɣ gas-~ – ɝɚɡɨɧɟɩɪɨɧɢɰɚɟɦɵɣ water-~ – ɜɨɞɨɧɟɩɪɨɧɢɰɚɟɦɵɣ

propel – ɬɨɥɤɚɬɶ ɜɩɟɪɟɞ, ɞɜɢɝɚɬɶ propeller – ɝɪɟɛɧɨɣ ɜɢɧɬ provide – ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɬɶ pump – ɧɚɫɨɫ

cargo ~ – ɝɪɭɡɨɜɨɣ ɧɚɫɨɫ fire ~ – ɩɨɠɚɪɧɵɣ ɧɚɫɨɫ ~ out – ɨɬɤɚɱɢɜɚɬɶ

purchase – ɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɬɚɬɶ

quay – ɩɪɢɱɚɥ quiet – ɬɢɲɢɧɚ, ɛɟɡɦɨɥɜɢɟ, ɡɚɬɢɲɶɟ

rail – ɩɨɪɭɱɧɢ rails – ɪɟɥɶɫɵ ramp – ɚɩɩɚɪɟɥɶ; ɬɪɚɩ rear – ɡɚɞɧɢɣ, ɤɨɪɦɨɜɨɣ rearmost – ɤɨɪɦɨɜɨɣ, ɫɚɦɵɣ ɡɚɞɧɢɣ rebate – ɫɤɢɞɤɚ receipt – ɪɚɫɩɢɫɤɚ ɜ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɢ regulation – ɩɪɚɜɢɥɨ, ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹ reinforced – ɚɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ (ɨ ɛɟɬɨɧɟ) requirement – ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɟ restock – ɩ restrict – ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɢɜɚɬɶ retailer – ɪɨɡɧɢɱɧɵɣ ɩɪɨɞɚɜɟɰ reward – ɧɚɝɪɚɠɞɚɬɶ, ɜɨɡɧɚɝɪɚɠɞɚɬɶ rewarding – ɫɬɨɹɳɢɣ rotary – ɜɪɚɳɚɸɳɢɣɫɹ, ɜɪɚɳɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ route – ɦɚɪɲɪɭɬ

safe – ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɵɣ safety – ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶ screw – ɜɢɧɬ seal – ɩɥɨɦɛɚ; ɢɡɨɥɹɰɢɹ secure – ɤɪɟɩɢɬɶ (ɝɪɭɡ); ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɵɣ serve – ɫɥɭɠɢɬɶ, ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɬɶ service – ɭɫɥɭɝɚ sheltering – ɭɤɪɵɬɢɟ

ɨɩɨɥɧɹɬɶ ɡɚɩɚɫɵ

shift – ɫɦɟɧɚ (ɪɚɛɨɱɚɹ) shift-day plan – ɫɦɟɧɧɨ-ɫɭɬɨɱɧɵɣ ɩɥɚɧ shifting – ɩɟɪɟɲɜɚɪɬɨɜɤɚ ship = vessel – ɤɨɪɚɛɥɶ, ɫɭɞɧɨ

dry cargo ~ – ɫɭɯɨɝɪɭɡ feeder ~ – ɮɢɞɟɪɧɨɟ ɫɭɞɧɨ

inbound ~ – ɩɪɢɛɵɜɚɸɳɟɟ ɫɭɞɧɨ liquid cargo ~ – ɬɚɧɤɟɪ outbound ~ – ɭɯɨɞɹɳɟɟ ɫɭɞɧɨ tramp ~ – ɬɪɚɦɩɨɜɨɟ ɫɭɞɧɨ (ɧɟ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɚɸɳɟɟ

ɪɟɝɭɥɹɪɧɵɟ ɪɟɣɫɵ)

shipment – ɝɪɭɡ, ɩɚɪɬɢɹ ɬɨɜɚɪɚ shipper – ɝɪɭ shipping – ɫɭɞɨɯɨɞɫɬɜɨ shop – ɰɟɯ, ɦɚɫɬɟɪɫɤɚɹ

maintenance ~ – ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɸɳɚɹ (ɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɚɹ) ɦɚɫɬɟɪɫɤɚɹ repair ~ – ɪɟɦɨɧɬɧɚɹ ɦɚɫɬɟɪɫɤɚɹ rigging ~ – ɬɚɤɟɥɚɠɧɚɹ ɦɚɫɬɟɪɫɤɚɹ

shore – ɛɟɪɟɝ side – ɫɬɨɪɨɧɚ, ɛɨɪɬ site – ɦɟɫɬɨ soil – ɝɪɭɧɬ, ɩɨɱɜɚ sophisticated – ɢɡɨɳɪɟɧɧɵɣ, ɭɬɨɧɱɟɧɧɵɣ,

spread (spread) – ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɹɬɶ(ɫɹ) stack – ɲɬɚɛɟɥɶ; ɲɬɚɛɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ staff – ɲɬɚɬ, ɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɥ starboard – ɩɪɚɜɵɣ ɛɨɪɬ station – ɫɬɚɧɰɢɹ, ɜɨɤɡɚɥ

crossing ~ – ɭɡɥɨɜɚɹ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɹ dispatch ~ – ɫɬɚɧɰɢɹ ɨɬɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ end ~ – ɤɨɧɟɱɧɚɹ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɹ flag ~ – ɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɨɱɧɵɣ ɩɭɧɤɬ fuel ~ – ɡɚɩɪɚɜɨɱɧɚɹ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɹ interchange ~ – ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɚɹ

junction ~ – ɭɡɥɨɜɚɹ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɹ main ~ – ɝɥɚɜɧɵɣ ɜɨɤɡɚɥ (ɫɬɚɧɰɢɹ) multiple ~ – ɭɡɥɨɜɚɹ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɹ section ~ – ɭɱɚɫɬɤɨɜɚɹ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɹ spotting ~ – ɫɨɪɬɢɪɨɜɨɱɧɚɹ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɹ starting ~ – ɫɬɚɧɰɢɹ ɨɬɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ stub ~ – ɬɭɩɢɤɨɜɚɹ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɹ

steam – ɩɚɪ steel – ɫɬɚɥɶ stem – ɮɨɪɲɬɟɜɟɧɶ stern – ɤɨɪɦɚ stevedore – ɫɬɢɜɢɞɨɪ stimulate – ɫɬɢɦɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ, ɩɨɛɭɠɞɚɬɶ stock – ɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɬɶ ɡɚɩɚɫɵ

ɡɨɨɬɩɪɚɜɢɬɟɥɶ

ɫɥɨɠɧɵɣ

ɪɚɡɜɹɡɤɚ

ɫɭɞɧɚ

Thesaurus 199

rolling ~ – ɩɨɞɜɢɠɧɨɣ ɫɨɫɬɚɜ storage – ɫɤɥɚɞ, ɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɫɤɥɚɞɚɯ covered ~ – ɤɪɵɬɵɣ ɫɤɥɚɞ heated ~ – ɨɬɚɩɥɢɜɚɟɦɵɣ ɫɤɥɚɞ

store – ɯɪɚɧɢɬɶ storehouse – ɫɤɥɚɞ strain – ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ stretch – ɧɚɩɪɹɝɚɬɶ(ɫɹ), ɬɹɧɭɬɶ strike – ɡɚɛɚɫɬɨɜɤɚ subject to – ɩɨɞɜɟɪɝɚɬɶ submerge – ɩɨɝɪɭɠɚɬɶ ɜ ɜɨɞɭ submergence – ɩɨɝɪɭɠɟɧɢɟ submit (to) – ɩɨɞɱɢɧɹɬɶɫɹ subordinate – ɩɨɞɱɢɧɹɬɶɫɹ suffer damage – ɩɨɥɭɱɢɬɶ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɟ suitability for occupation – ɩɪɨɮɩɪɢɝɨɞ-

ɧɨɫɬɶ

superintendent – ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɢɤ,

ɭɩɪɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɣ

superstructure – ɧɚɞɫɬɪɨɣɤɚ supervision – ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶ supply – ɫɧɚɛɠɚɬɶ; ɩɪɢɩɚɫ support – ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɚ surface – ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ sustain – ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɬɶ sustained – ɞɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ, ɧɟɩɪɟɪɵɜɧɵɣ sweatshop – ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɟ ɫ ɨɱɟɧɶ

ɬɹɠɟɥɵɦɢ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɦɢ ɬɪɭɞɚ

tackle – ɬɚɤɟɥɚɠ tallow – ɫɦɚɡɨɱɧɵɣ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥ tank – ɬɚɧɤ, ɪɟɡɟɪɜɭɚɪ, ɰɢɫɬɟɪɧɚ

~ farm – ɦɟɫɬɨ afterpeak ~ – ɤɨɪɦɨɜɚɹ ɰɢɫɬɟɪɧɚ ballast ~ – ɛɚɥɥɚɫɬɧɚɹ ɰɢɫɬɟɪɧɚ deep~ – ɞɢɩɬɚɧɤ double bottom ~ – ɦɟɠɞɭɞɨɧɧɚɹ

ɰɢɫɬɟɪɧɚ

forepeak ~ – ɧɨɫɨɜɚɹ ɰɢɫɬɟɪɧɚ slop ~ – ɰɢɫɬɟɪɧɚ ɝɪɹɡɧɨɣ

ɬɪɸɦɧɨɣ ɜɨɞɵ

storage ~ – ɪɟɡɟɪɜɭɚɪ ɞɥɹ ɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ wing ~ – ɛɨɪɬɨɜɚɹ ɰɢɫɬɟɪɧɚ tanker – ɬɚɧɤɟɪ oil ~ – ɧɟɮɬɟɧɚɥɢɜɧɨɣ ɬɚɧɤɟɪ

tanktop – ɜɬɨɪɨɟ ɞɧɨ, ɩɚɥɭɛɧɨɟ ɩɟɪɟɤɪɵ-

ɬɢɟ ɧɚɞ ɰɢɫɬɟɪɧɚɦɢ ɞɜɨɣɧɨɝɨ ɞɧɚ

tar – ɞɟɝɨɬɶ tarpaulin – ɛɪɟɡɟɧɬ terminal – ɬɟɪɦɢɧɚɥ, ɜɨɤɡɚɥ

ɡɚɩɪɚɜɤɢ

terms – ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɚ terrain – ɥɚɧɞɲɚɮɬ tidal – ɩɪɢɥɢɜɨ-ɨɬɥɢɜɧɵɣ tide – ɩɪɢɥɢɜ ɢ ɨɬɥɢɜ tightness – ɧɟɩɪɨɧɢɰɚɟɦɨɫɬɶ timber – ɩɢɥɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥ tire – ɲɢɧɚ, ɩɨɤɪɵɲɤɚ tonnage – ɬɨɧɧɚɠ torque – ɤɪɭɬɹɳɢɣ ɦɨɦɟɧɬ tow – ɛɭɤɫɢɪ

take in ~ – ɜɡɹɬɶ ɧɚ ɛɭɤɫɢɪ,

ɛɭɤɫɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ

towage – ɛɭɤɫɢɪɨɜɤɚ tower – ɛɚɲɧɹ track – ɫɥɟɞ, ɩɭɬɶ

car repair ~ – ɜɚɝɨɧɨɪɟɦɨɧɬɧɵɣ

ɩɭɬɶ

broad-gauge ~ – ɲɢɪɨɤɨɤɨɥɟɣɧɵɣ

ɩɭɬɶ

dead-end ~ – ɬɭɩɢɤɨɜɨɣ ɩɭɬɶ delivery ~ – ɩɪɢɟɦɧɵɣ ɩɭɬɶ departure dispatch ~ – ɩɭɬɶ ɨɬɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ empties ~ – ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɵɣ ɩɭɬɶ freight ~ – ɬɨɜɚɪɧɵɣ ɩɭɬɶ main ~ – ɝɥɚɜɧɵɣ ɩɭɬɶ marshalling ~ – ɫɨɪɬɢɪɨɜɨɱɧɵɣ

narrow-gauge ~ – ɭɡɤɨɤɨɥɟɣɧɵɣ

railway ~ – ɠɟɥɟɡɧɨɞɨɪɨɠɧɵɣ ɩɭɬɶ service ~ – ɦɚɧɟɜɪɨɜɵɣ ɩɭɬɶ spur ~ – ɩɨɞɴɟɡɞɧɨɣ ɩɭɬɶ station ~ – ɫɬɚɧɰɢɨɧɧɵɣ ɩɭɬɶ storage ~ – ɡɚɩɚɫɧɵɣ ɩɭɬɶ stub ~ – ɬɭɩɢɤɨɜɨɣ ɩɭɬɶ,

switch ~ – ɦɚɧɟɜɪɨɜɵɣ ɩɭɬɶ,

trade – ɬɨɪɝɨɜɥɹ; ɬɨɪɝɨɜɚɬɶ traffic – ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɟ, ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬ trail – ɫɥɟɞ, ɬɪɨɩɚ trailer – ɩɪɢɰɟɩ train – ɫɨɫɬɚɜ, ɩɨɟɡɞ; ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɚ

~s formation – ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ

transaction – ɫɞɟɥɤɚ transfer – ɩɟɪɟɝɪɭɠɚɬɶ, ɩɟɪɟɜɚɥɢɜɚɬɶ transshipment – ɩɟɪɟɝɪɭɡɤɚ, ɩɟɪɟɫɚɞɤɚ,

ɩɟɪɟɜɚɥɤɚ

travois – ɩɨɜɨɡɤɚ

~ – ɩɭɬɶ ɨɬɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ

ɩɭɬɶ

ɩɨɞɴɟɡɞɧɨɣ ɩɭɬɶ

ɫɨɪɬɢɪɨɜɨɱɧɵɣ ɩɭɬɶ

ɫɨɫɬɚɜɨɜ

200 Thesaurus

treadmill – ɨɞɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɵɣ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ

ɬɪɭɞ

trim – ɞɢɮɮɟɪɟɧɬ, ɩɨɫɚɞɤɚ ɫɭɞɧɚ;

ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɟ ɪɚɡɦɟɳɟɧɢɟ ɝɪɭɡɚ ɧɚ ɫɭɞɧɟ

truck – ɩɨɝɪɭɡɱɢɤ, ɬɟɥɟɠɤɚ, ɝɪɭɡɨɜɢɤ pickup ~ – ɦɚɥɨɝɚɛɚɪɢɬɧɵɣ

ɝɪɭɡɨɜɢɤ

truckload – ɜɚɝɨɧ, ɝɪɭɡɨɜɢɤ;

ɝɪɭɡɨɩɨɞɴɟɦɧɨɫɬɶ

tug – ɛɭɤɫɢɪ ~ boat – ɛɭɤɫɢɪɧɨɟ ɫɭɞɧɨ turnover – ɨɛɨɪɨɬ cargo ~ – ɝɪɭɡɨɨɛɨɪɨɬ turn-round – ɨɛɨɪɨɬ ship's ~ – ɫɭɞɨɨɛɨɪɨɬ

ultimate – ɤɨɧɟɱɧɵɣ union – ɫɨɸɡ unit – ɟɞɢɧɢɰɚ (ɝɪɭɡɚ); ɱɚɫɬɶ,

ɩɨɞɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ

cargo ~ – ɝɪɭɡɨɜɨɟ ɦɟɫɬɨ production ~ – ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ

ɩɨɞɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ

unload – ɪɚɡɝɪɭɠɚɬɶ urgent – ɫɪɨɱɧɵɣ, ɧɟɨɬɥɨɠɧɵɣ;

ɧɚɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɵɣ

utilize – ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ

van – ɮɭɪɝɨɧ vehicle – ɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɧɨɟ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɨɟ

ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨ

versatility – ɦɧɨɝɨɫɬɨɪɨɧɧɨɫɬɶ vessel = ship – ɫɭɞɧɨ

hybrid ~ – ɫɭɞɧɨ ɝɢɛɪɢɞɧɨɝɨ ɬɢɩɚ

volume – ɨɛɴɟɦ voyage – ɪɟɣɫ

way – ɩɭ

entrance ~ – ɜɯɨɞɧɨɣ ɩɭɬɶ hatch~ – ɥɸɤ, ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɟ ɥɸɤɚ middle ~ – ɫɪɟɞɧɟɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɚɥɶɧɵɣ high ~ – ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɚɥɶɧɵɣ plate~ –ɠɟɥɟɡɧɚɹ ɞɨɪɨɝɚ ɫ

rail~ – ɠɟɥɟɡɧɚɹ ɞɨɪɨɝɚ run~ – ɩɪɨɯɨɞ; ɜɡɥɟɬɧɨ-ɩɨɫɚɞɨɱɧɚɹ

sub~ – ɬɭɧɧɟɥɶ taxi~ – ɪɭɥɟɠɧɚɹ ɞɨɪɨɠɤɚ wagon~ – ɜɚɝɨɧɧɵɣ ɩɭɬɶ

wall – ɫɬɟɧɤɚ, ɫɬɟɧɚ warehouse – ɫɤɥɚɞ, ɩɚɤɝɚɭɡ

covered ~ – ɤɪɵɬɵɣ ɫɤɥɚɞ heated ~ – ɨɬɚɩɥɢɜɚɟɦɵɣ ɫɤɥɚɞ

washway – ɪɚɡɦɵɜ watch – ɜɚɯɬɚ waterline – ɜɚɬɟɪɥɢɧɢɹ watertight – ɜɨɞɨɧɟɩɪɨɧɢɰɚɟɦɵɣ wave – ɜɨɥɧɚ weather forecast – ɩɪɨɝɧɨɡ ɩɨɝɨɞɵ wharf – ɩɪɢɫɬɚɧɶ wheel – ɤɨɥɟɫɨ

flanged ~ – ɤɨɥɟɫɨ ɫ ɪɟɛɨɪɞɨɣ unflanged ~ – ɤɨɥɟɫɨ ɛɟɡ ɪɟɛɨɪɞɵ

winch – ɥɟɛɟɞɤɚ wing – ɤɪɵɥɨ; ɩɚɥɭɛɧɵɣ ɤɚɪɦɚɧ ɜ ɬɪɸɦɟ workforce – ɪɚɛɨɱɚɹ ɫɢɥɚ workshop – ɦɚɫɬɟɪɫɤɚɹ

ɬɶ, ɞɨɪɨɝɚ, ɫɩɨɫɨɛ

ɦɟɬɚɥɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɪɟɥɶɫɚɦɢ

ɩɨɥɨɫɚ

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