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Файл:Английский язык для студентов-юристов и историков = English for Students of Law and History. Учебное пособие
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Л.М. Матвиенко
АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК
ДЛЯ СТУДЕНТОВ-ЮРИСТОВ
И ИСТОРИКОВ
ENGLISH FOR STUDENTS
OF LAW AND HISTORY
Учебное пособие
Москва
Ай Пи Ар Медиа
2026
УДК 81
ББК 81.2
А64
Матвиенко, Л.М.
А64 Английский язык для студентов-юристов и историков = English for
Students of Law and History : учебное пособие / Л. М. Матвиенко. — Москва :
Ай Пи Ар Медиа, 2026. — 78 с. — Текст : электронный.
ISBN 978-5-4497-4713-6
Учебное пособие состоит из девяти разделов, включающих тексты по
специальности и тексты для дополнительного чтения. В каждой теме
представлены тексты и упражнения на развитие речевых умений в
говорении, чтении и письме. Порядок прохождения материала может
меняться, работу над упражнениями следует выполнять в установленной
последовательности.
Учебное пособие предназначено для студентов, обучающихся по
укрупненным группам специальностей и направлений подготовки
«Юриспруденция», «История и археология», изучающих дисциплину
«Иностранный язык (английский)».
Учебное электронное издание
Обложка Я.А. Кирсанов, С.С. Сизиумова, фотобанк Freepik
ISBN 978-5-4497-4713-6 © Матвиенко Л.М., 2026
© ООО Компания «Ай Пи Ар Медиа», 2026
3
Content
Unit 1. FROM THE HISTORY OF GREAT BRITAIN........................................... 5
Unit 2. GREAT BRITAIN (I) ................................................................................... 11
Unit 3. GREAT BRITAIN (II) .................................................................................. 19
Unit 4. FROM THE HISTORY OF THE USA ........................................................ 25
Unit 5. THE USA (I) ................................................................................................. 31
Unit 6. THE USA (II) ................................................................................................ 39
Unit 7. THE COURT SYSTEM ................................................................................ 45
Unit 8. JUSTICE AND LAW (I) .............................................................................. 52
Unit 9. JUSTICE AND LAW (II) ............................................................................. 59
Supplementary Reading
SOME FACTS ABOUT MAGNA CARTA ............................................................. 64
THIS IS BRITAIN .................................................................................................... 66
THE SUFFRAGETTE MOVEMENT ...................................................................... 68
THIS IS THE USA .................................................................................................... 68
US CONSTITUTION ................................................................................................ 70
THE ENGLISH AND AMERICAN CONSTITUTIONS ........................................ 72
ENGLISH CRIMINAL LAW ................................................................................... 73
THE GARDEN CITY OF ASIA ............................................................................... 74
A VERY BEAUTIFUL STORY ............................................................................... 75
4
Предисловие
Учебное пособие «Английский язык для студентов-юристов и историков»
состоит из девяти разделов, включающих тексты и упражнения по темам, а
также тексты для дополнительного чтения. Специально подобранные тексты
профессионального характера отличаются своей аутентичностью и
современной тематикой, а также обладают значительной степенью
адаптированности, что является существенным преимуществом по сравнению с
текстами других учебных пособий и учебников, так как чрезмерно сложное
лексическое и грамматическое наполнение влечет затруднение изучения
учебного материала, и как следствие, потерю мотивации студентов к изучению
иностранного языка.
Особое внимание в пособии уделяется предтекстовым заданиям, которые
пробуждают у студентов интерес к обсуждаемой тематике и желание
предугадать содержание текста, а также работе по обучению чтению отдельно
по каждому из его видов (изучающему, ознакомительному, просмотровому и
поисковому).
Послетекстовые задания в данном пособии проверяют усвоение
информации с разной степенью точности и глубины и предполагают участие
студентов в обсуждении данной темы или проблемы. Огромное значения автор
уделяет обучению лексике профессионального характера, после изучения
которой в каждой теме представлены упражнения на развитие, прежде всего,
речевых умений в говорении и письме, так как деятельность будущего
специалиста в области права в настоящее время приобретает элементы
реальной языковой среды, настоящего живого общения, устной и письменной
коммуникации с носителями языка с использованием компьютера, e-mail,
Интернета, спутникового телевидения и т.п. Таким образом, автор сместил
акцент с овладения языковыми аспектами на основе грамматико-переводных
методов на овладение речью и формирование коммуникативной компетенции
будущих специалистов в области права.
Учебное пособие состоит из девяти разделов, а также содержит тексты
для дополнительного чтения. В каждом разделе представлены тексты и
упражнения на развитие речевых умений в говорении, чтении и письме.
Порядок прохождения материала может меняться, работу над упражнениями
следует выполнять в установленной последовательности.
5
1. FROM THE HISTORY OF GREAT BRITAIN
Warm up Activities
1. In this unit you’re going to learn about some turning points of British
history, but there are lots of famous dates in the history of the UK. Match the
date to the important event.
1. the end of the Ice Age
a) the greater part of the country was united under the
name of England
2. 3000BC
b) the largest town Londinium was build
3. 2000BC
c) the greater part of the country was occupied by
Germanic tribes
4. after 800BC
d) the Cellts arrived from Central Europe
5. 55BC
e) the southern part of Ireland became the
Independent Irish Republic, while the northern one
remained part of the UK
6. 54BC
f) the unification of Scotland and England took place
7. 43AD
g) the first inhabitants of the island
8. by the end of the 5th
century
h) people from the east of Europe entered the country
9. 829
i) the present English Channel appeared
10. the 11th century
j) a united Scottish kingdom was formed
11. 1066
k) Henry VII declared himself head of the Anglican
Church
12. the 16th century
l) Julius Caesar invaded Britain
14. 1707
m) Julius Caesar started to invade Britain again with
a larger army
15. 1922
n) William the Conqueror and his people came to
England from Normandy in France
6
Reading
2. Read the text about one of the most important documents of Medieval
England. Some fragments of the sentences have been removed from the text.
Choose from the fragments the one, which fits each gap.
King John signing Magna Carta
Magna Carta was signed in June 1215
between the barons of Medieval
England and King John. 'Magna Carta' is
Latin and means "Great Charter".
It was signed .............. at Runnymede
near Windsor Castle. The document was a
series of written promises between the king
and his subjects that he, the king, would
govern England and deal with its people
according to ............... . Magna Carta was an
attempt by the barons to stop a king - in this
case John - abusing his power with the people
of England suffering.
Why would a king - who was meant to
be all powerful in his own country - agree to
the demands of the barons who were meant
....................?
England had for some years owned
land in France. The barons had provided the
king with both and men .................... .
Traditionally, the king had always consulted the barons before raising taxes (as
they had to collect it) and demanding more men for military service (as they had to
provide the men). This was all part of the Feudal System.
So long as English kings were militarily successful abroad, relations with the
barons ............. . But John was not very successful in his military campaigns abroad.
His constant demands for more money and men angered the barons. By 1204, John
had lost his land in northern France. .................., John introduced high taxes without
asking the barons. This was against feudal law and accepted custom.
John made mistakes in other areas as well. He angered the Roman Catholic
Church. The pope, vexed by John's behaviour, banned all church services in England
in 1207. Religion, and the fear of Hell, were very important to the people including
the barons. The Catholic Church taught the people that they could only gain entrance
to Heaven if ................ that they were good enough to get there. How could they
show their goodness and love of God if the churches were shut ? Even worse for John
was the fact that the pope excommunicated him in 1209. This meant that John could
never get to Heaven until the pope withdrew the excommunication. Faced with this,
John climbed down and accepted the power of the Catholic Church, giving them
many privileges in 1214.
7
1214 was a disastrous year for John for another reason. Once again, he .............
in an attempt to get back his territory in northern France. He returned to London
demanding more money from taxes. This time the barons were not willing to listen.
They rebelled against his power. The barons captured London. However, they did not
defeat John entirely and by the spring of 1215, both sides were willing to discuss
matters. The result was ............... .
In response to this
Magna Carta
to be below him in authority
suffered military defeat
the Catholic Church believed
were good
to defend this territory
the customs of feudal law
between the feudal barons and King John
3. Decide whether these statements about Magna Carta are true or false.
Put T (True) or F (False) on the line next to the sentence.
1. Magna Carta was signed between the barons and the French King ..........
2. In Latin 'Magna Carta' means "Great Charter"...................
3. Magna Carta was an attempt to limit the power of the King .............
4. England had some land in France and Englishmen had to defend this
territory. ...........
5. The English King was not very successful in his military campaigns
abroad. ............
6. The English King didn’t break feudal law and accepted custom. .................
7. John didn’t have any problems with the pope and the Catholic
Church. ...............
8. The barons revolted and captured London. .............
Vocabulary Exercises
4. Fill in the appropriate word(s) from the list, then make sentences using
the completed phrases.
subjects, military, against smb’s power, to raise, mistakes, promises,
successful, Medieval, System, high taxes, to be willing to, feudal law and accepted
custom, to withdraw, money
................... England
written ....................
the king and his ................
................ taxes
................. service
the Feudal ................
to be militarily ...................
to introduce .................
to be against .................
to make ...............
....................the excommunication
to demand ..................
to rebel ..................
................ discuss matters
8
5. Fill in the correct prepositions, then make sentences using the completed
phrases.
1. to be vexed ............... smb's behaviour; 2. according .........the customs
of feudal law; 3. an attempt ............ the barons; 4. to agree ........... the demands;
5. to provide the king ......... smb’s or smth’s; 6. to demand men ............. military
service; 6. to gain entrance ........... Heaven; 7. to return ............ London; 8. .............
response to smth’s.
6. Fill in the correct word(s) from the list.
defeated; abused; abroad; excommunicated, was all powerful; anger; own;
banned
1. These two ministers had ............ their position for financial gain.
2. Peter the Great .................. in his own country.
3. If you want to sell your house you must ........ it.
4. When a tourist goes .......... he should have some currency with him.
5. Don’t .............. me!
6. Animal testing should be ...........
8. Henry VIII was ......................... by the Pope when he declared himself head
of the Anglican Church.
9. This accident has …………. all his hopes of winning.
Speaking
7. Speak about Magna Carta. While speaking mention about
• when, where and whom Magna Carta was signed by;
• what Magna Carta was;
• why the king agreed;
• what the barons had provided the king with;
• why John introduced high taxes without asking the barons;
• what other mistakes John made;
• what the result was.
Reading
8. Read the text, translate it, using a dictionary and explain what the long-
term impact of Magna Carta was?
Magna Carta is sometimes regarded as the foundation of democracy in
England. In fact, most of its terms applied only to a small proportion of the
9
population in 1215, and the implementation of the charter in subsequent centuries
remained open to the interpretation of the courts.
Revised versions of Magna Carta were issued by King Henry III (in 1216, 1217
and 1225), and the text of the 1225 version was entered onto the statute roll in 1297.
Magna Carta had limited the circumstances under which the King could raise money
without the consent of the people. The 1225 version of Magna Carta had been granted
explicitly in return for a payment of tax by the whole kingdom, and this paved the
way for the first summons of Parliament in 1265, to approve the granting of taxation.
In the 17th century, opponents of King Charles I used Magna Carta to regulate
the arbitrary use of royal authority. In 1628 Sir Edward Coke helped to draft the
Petition of Right, which limited royal power and made explicit reference to Magna
Carta. When King Charles was himself put on trial in 1649, it was argued that his
attempts to halt the proceedings contravened the clause of Magna Carta which
prohibited the delay of justice.
Magna Carta has consequently acquired a special status as the cornerstone of
English liberties. This is despite the fact that the vast majority of its clauses have now
been repealed, or in some cases superseded by other legislation such as the Human
Rights Act (1998). Magna Carta nonetheless retains enormous symbolic power as an
ancient defence against arbitrary and tyrannical rulers, and as a guarantor of
individual liberties.
9. Answer the questions using the information you’ve got from the text.
1. What is Magna Carta sometimes regarded as England?
2. Magna Carta had limited the circumstances under which the King could
raise money without the consent of the people, hadn’t it?
3. How it was used in the 17th century?
4. What status did Magna Carta consequently acquire?
5. Has it been changed since the 13th century?
6. What does Magna Carta retain?
Writing
10. Find out some important historic documents from the history of Russia
and write an essay using the following plan:
• when, where and who it was written by;
• what kind of documents it was (treaty, agreement, pact, etc);
• what it declared (stated, established, etc);
• what events took place before and after it;
• what the result was;
• what the long-term impact of this document was.
10
Just for fun
A girl: Why is history the sweetest lesson?
A boy: Because it’s full of dates.
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