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C Burglars are easily frightened away when seen by someone.
D A lot more money should be spent on the protection of houses.
TASK 3
Choose the right synonym of the word according to the text.
1. portable (§ 1)
A expensive
B easy to carry
C worth taking
2. to rip off (§ 1)
A to damage
B to take off
C to tear off
3. instructive (§ 2)
A informative
B useful
C regulating
4. surveying (§ 4)
A inspecting
B locking
C unlocking
5. to tackle (§ 6)
A to talk to
B to deal with
C to catch
6. desperate (§ 7)
A in trouble
B in need
C in a hurry
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TASK 4
Choose the right variant of translation according to the text.
1. What’s to stop your home being next? (§ 2)
A Что остановило ваш дом от этой участи?
B Что остановит ваш дом от того, чтобы стать следующим в этом
ряду?
C Что может помешать вашему дому быть следующим?
2. He’s at least as frightened as you are. (§ 6)
A Он не менее напуган, чем вы.
B Он испугался позже вас.
C Он, по крайней мере, испугал вас.
3. If your corner him in a room, he’ll knock you down to get to the door … (§ 6)
A Если вы загоните его в угол комнаты, он собьет вас с ног, чтобы
добраться до двери.
B Если вы нападете на него в комнате, он собьет вас с ног, чтобы
добраться до двери.
C Если вы загоните его в угол в помещении, он собьет вас с ног и
выбежит через
дверь.
4. … if I’m desperate enough and you have something I want, there’s no way
you’ll keep me out. (§7)
A … если я нахожусь в отчаянном положении, а у вас есть то, что
мне хочется, вам меня никак не удержать.
B … если я буду достаточно отчаянным, а у вас есть то, что мне
хочется, вам меня никак не удержать.
C … если я нахожусь в отчаянии и вы имеете что-то, что
я хочу,
нет того способа, который позволит вам удержать меня от этого.
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UNIT 12
GREAT BRITAIN
Section 1: TOPIC FOR DISCUSSION
GREAT BRITAIN ВЕЛИКОБРИТАНИЯ
1. You know, Great Britain has
always attracted me as a very
special country due to its contribution to the world culture, science and technological revolution.
2. The names of Shakespeare,
Kipling, Newton, Faraday and
many other world-known personalities come from Britain.
3. In my story about Britain
I’m going to give you some general information followed by its
geographical position, economic
situation and political system.
4. The United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Northern. Ireland, despite its major influence
in the world, is not a big country.
5. Its territory is a bit larger
than that of Belarus – 240 thousand square kilometres, but of
course the density of the population is much higher there – about
57 million people live in Britain.
6. London, the capital of the
UK, is the largest city, with the
population more than 8 million
people.
1. Вы знаете, Великобритания всегда
была для меня привлекательной как
совершенно особенная страна из-за ее
вклада в мировую культуру, науку и
техническую революцию.
2. Имена Шекспира, Киплинга, Ньютона, Фарадея и многих других всемирно известных людей связаны с
Британией.
3. В своем рассказе о Великобритании
я дам общую характеристику стране,
после чего опишу ее географическое
положение, экономическую ситуацию
и политическую систему.
4. Соединенное королевство Великобритании и Северной Ирландии, несмотря на огромное влияние на мировое сообщество, – это совсем небольшая страна.
5. Ее территория ненамного больше
Беларуси – 240 тысяч квадратных километров, однако плотность населения,
конечно, там гораздо больше – в Бри
тании проживает около 57 миллионов
человек.
6. Лондон, столица Соединенного королевства, является самым большим
городом с населением более 8 миллионов человек.
-
113
7. Britain is separated from
continental Europe by the North
Sea, the Atlantic Ocean and the
English Channel.
8. If you travel to England by
bus, the ferry boat will cross the
narrowest part of the English
Channel, the Straight of Dover
from Calais [kχ0leω] in France
to Dover in England.
9. The four parts of the UK are
England, Scotland, Wales and
Northern Ireland (their capitals
are, respectfully, London, Edinburgh, Cardiff and Belfast).
10. Britain has both plains and
highlands.
11. Numerous rivers and lakes
are very common there.
12. The most important river is
the Thames, of course, as London stands on it.
13. Due to the Gulf Stream of
the Atlantic Ocean the climate is
quite mild there.
14. The UK is an advanced industrial country.
15. A lot of enterprises producing chemicals, textiles, aircraft
and machinery are found in Birmingham, Sheffield, Liverpool
and Manchester.
16. Among the British cities I
would also mention Nottingham
known thanks to Robin Hood
who used to live in the Sherwood
forest nearby.
17. Nottingham is also a twintown of Minsk, by the way.
7. Британию отделяют от континен-
тальной Европы Северное море, Атлантический океан и пролив Ла-Манш.
8. Если путешествовать в Англию на
автобусе, паром пересекает самую узкую часть Ла-Манша – Па-де-Кале,
который расположен между французским городом Кале и английским Дувром.
9. В число четырех составляющих частей
Соединенного королевства входят
Англия, Шотландия, Уэльс и Северная
Ирландия (их столицы – это, соответственно, Лондон, Эдинбург, Кардифф
и Белфаст).
10. В Британии есть как равнины, так и
возвышенности.
11. Здесь можно нередко встретить
реки и озера.
12. Самой важной по значению рекой,
конечно, является Темза, так как на ней
расположен Лондон.
13. Из
-за течения Гольфстрим в Атлан-
тическом океане климат там довольно
мягкий.
14. Великобритания – это высокоразвитая индустриальная страна.
15. В таких городах, как Бирмингем,
Шеффилд, Ливерпуль и Манчестер,
находится много предприятий, производящих химическую продукцию, текстиль, самолеты и машинное оборудование.
16. Среди британских городов стоит
также назвать Ноттингем, который
больше
известен благодаря Робин Гуду, который обитал в близлежащем
Шервудском лесу.
17. Между прочим, Ноттингем является также одним из городов-побратимов
Минска.
114
18. As for the political system
of the country, it’s a constitutional monarchy, meaning that
Queen Elizabeth II is formally
the head of state, but of course
it’s the cabinet of ministers that
makes decisions.
19. At present, the cabinet is
composed of the Labour party
members.
20. The leader of the party Tony
Blair became the prime minister
in May 1997, when his party won
the parliament elections after 18
years of the Conservative party
rule.
21. In June 2001 there were held
parliament elections again, and
Tony Blair won another victory.
22. I follow the events in the
UK on a regular basis – on TV
and in the press.
23. I could talk and talk about
Britain whose people are very
proud of their flag called “Union
Jack” and country in general.
24. They never forget that Britain is Great.
25. I hope in the future I’ll be
able to visit this very special
country – both as a tourist and
perhaps on business – to practise
my English and see for myself all
the sites that are familiar to me
from books and films.
18. Что касается политического уст-
ройства страны, это конституционная
монархия, то есть королева Елизавета
II формально является главой государства, но именно кабинет министров
принимает решения.
19. В настоящее время кабинет состоит
из членов Лейбористской партии.
20. Лидер этой партии
Тони Блэр стал
премьер-министром в мае 1997 года,
когда его партия одержала победу на
парламентских выборах после 18 лет
правления Консервативной партии.
21. В июне 2001 года были снова проведены парламентские выборы, и Тони
Блэр одержал еще одну победу.
22. Я постоянно слежу за событиями в
Великобритании по телевидению и в
прессе.
23.
Я мог(ла) бы бесконечно говорить
о Британии, народ которой очень гордится своим национальным флагом,
называемым «Юнион Джек», и страной
в целом.
24. Они никогда не забывают о том,
что Британия – Великая.
25. Я надеюсь, что в будущем мне удастся побывать в этой особенной стране –
и в качестве туриста, и
, возможно, по
работе, чтобы попрактиковаться в английском языке и самому увидеть все те
места, которые мне знакомы по книгам
и фильмам.
115
TASK 1
Find the English equivalents of the following Russian expressions and put
them down in the right-hand column:
- всегда меня привлекала (была мне интересна)
- вклад в мировую культуру, науку и техническую революцию
- общая информация, за которой последует…
- несмотря на ее огромное влияние
- плотность населения там гораздо выше
- паром пересечет самую узкую часть пролива Ла-Манш
- как равнины, так и возвышенности
-
из-за Гольфстрима и Атлантического океана
- высокоразвитая промышленная страна
- город-побратим Минска
- имеется в виду, что королева Елизавета II формально является главой
государства
- правительство состоит из членов Лейбористской партии
- его партия одержала победу на парламентских выборах
- снова состоялись парламентские выборы
- регулярно слежу за событиями
в Соединенном Королевстве
- всегда помнят, что Британия – Великая (игра слов – great как великая
и как часть названия страны – Великобритания)
- надеюсь, что смогу побывать в этой особенной стране
- самому (самой) увидеть места, знакомые мне по книгам и фильмам
TASK 2
Answer the following questions for self-control:
1. What is the full name of Great Britain?
2. What famous people of the country do you know?
3. What is the geographical position of the UK?
4. What parts is the UK composed of?
5. What is the main river of Great Britain?
6. What kind of landscape is characteristic for Britain?
7. What are the main industrial cities of the country?
116
8. What can you say about Nottingham?
9. What does the constitutional monarchy mean?
10. What political party is the ruling one at present in the UK?
11. What is the nickname of the British national flag?
12. Why would you like to visit Great Britain?
13. What stereotypes of Britain are most common?
14. Do you find any common features between Britain and Belarus?
Section 2: TEXT FOR COMPREHENSION
TASK 1
Read the text.
KIDS AND THE POLICE
§ 1. Many young people think police pick on them, stop them, ask them
to move on just because they are young. Some describe the police as bullies,
pigs or bastards. And there is a growing hostility
based on suspicion and fear.
§ 2. Suspicion – because young people believe the law can do what it
likes. ‘Nobody is going to believe your word against a copper’s [policeman’s],’ said 16-year-old Steve, a punk from Manchester. Fear – because they
don’t know their rights, don’t know what the police can do to them. And because they have heard horror stories, though maybe dramatized, from their
mates.
§ 3. Conflicts that arise when teenagers are stopped by the police are examined in tonight’s BBC-2 programme Fair Cop? – the first in the Sixteen
Up series, repeated on BBC-1 on Sundays. Patrick Titley, the director of the
programme, comments, ‘I don’t think the police realize how frightened
teenagers feel when a copper stops them. They majority of the youngsters we
met weren’t anti-police. But they do think the police pick on them because of
the way they dress.’
§ 4. During the programme, Paul Boeteng, a lawyer, answers questions
teenagers put to him on their legal rights. Paul advises, ‘It pays
to be polite.
The only way the police can function in society is if young people are aware
of the fact that the police have a job to do.’
117
§ 5. The young often feel they are an easy target
cer is bored or cold, then what is easier, the young think, than nicking
for the police. If an offi-
a youth
on the streets. As one teenager said, ‘Walking the streets is hard wear on his
feet, so he nicks you and it’s one up, see.’ Many claim that they don’t know
why they are taken to the police station.
§ 6. And once there, very few youngsters know their rights, whether or
not they can be stripped and searched or how long they can be held, According to the official rules, any young person under the age of 17 should only be
interviewed in the presence of a parent or a guardian. But these rules are
sometimes ignored.
§ 7. Similarly, every person at any stage of an investigation should be
able to talk privately to a solicitor, if that does not take too much time. But as
Ric Phillips, a youth worker says, ‘The truth is teenagers don’t have a solicitor’s phone number on them. They may ask for legal advice and be told that
the station sergeant who deals with that is out. The kid is locked up, cigarettes
taken away, sometimes his belt and shoelaces removed. He’s scared and starts
talking. Anything to get out.’
§ 8. Half the crime in Britain is committed by people under the age of 21.
The peak age for offending
is 15. In the last five years more and more crimes
of violence have been committed, burglary has increased by two-thirds, vandalism has doubled. It is no wonder that the police are coming down hard on
youth. But this crisis of confidence between the younger generation and the
law must be a matter of great concern to each and everyone of us.
From The Daily Mirror
TASK 2
Choose the correct answer.
1. What does the first sentence tell us?
Many young people …
A feel that the police have a special dislike of them.
B do not like being treated like children by the police.
C are treated badly by the police.
D are aggressive to policemen of their own age.
2. Steve’s words (§ 2) illustrate the fact that …
A policemen do not give young people a chance to talk.
B many young people do not trust the police at all.
C it is true that the law does what it likes.
D it is difficult to tell the police the truth.
118
3. Patrick Titley’s comment (§ 3) shows his …
A understanding of young people’s behaviour towards the police.
B insight into why the police want to frighten young people.
C fear of growing hatred between the police and young people.
D disapproval of young people’s behaviour towards the police.
4. What is Paul Boeteng’s advice to teenagers (§ 4)?
A To stop thinking that society is run by the police.
B To stop bothering the police in their work.’
C To help the police whenever possible to make their job easier.
D To accept that police work is necessary.
5. What kind of idea do young people have of the police, according to paragraph five?
A The police often pick up young people for no good reason at all.
B The police cannot stand young people who seem to have nothing to do.
C The police blame the young for the fact that their job has become so
difficult.
D The police are often so tired that they neglect their duties.
6. The last sentence in § 6 says that ‘these rules are sometimes ignored’. By
whom?
A Young people.
B Policemen.
C Parents or guardians.
D Journalists.
7. What does Ric Phillips want to point out (§ 7)?
A The policeman who should give legal advice to teenagers is never
there.
B The police do not always give teenagers a fair treatment.
C Policemen try to keep young people under arrest as long as possible.
D At the police station teenagers try anything to break out of their cells.
8. What does the author make clear in paragraph eight?
A The police have not done enough to stop the enormous increase in
crime.
B Most of the crimes in Britain are committed by 15-year-olds.
C It is understandable why the police deal severely with young people.
D Half of Britain’s younger population commits some crime or other.
9. At the end of the article the writer expresses her opinion that …
A young people should be aware of the difficulty of a policeman’s job.
B the younger generation should have more understanding of important
laws.
119
C the police should make it clear why they are so hard on young people.
D the lack of trust between the police and the young deserves serious
attention.
TASK 3
Choose the right synonym of the word according to the text.
1. to pick on (§ 1)
A to arrest
B to detain
C to find fault with
2. hostility (§ 1)
A misunderstanding
B animosity
C cruelty
3. It pays (§ 4)
A It’s expensive
B It’s costly
C It’s worth
4. target (§ 5)
A catch
B job
C aim
5. to nick (§ 5)
A to detain
B to stop
C to search
6. to offend (§ 8)
A to mistreat
B to violate
C to disobey
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